US1666894A - Spinning - Google Patents

Description

E. GMINDER April 24. 192&

srxmmw Filed Sept. 17. 1925 Web aises:

Patented Apr. 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EHIL GRINDER, OF REUTLINGEN, GERMANY.

srnmmo.

Application filed September 17, 1925, Serial No. 57,038, and in. Germany September 22, 1994.

Spinning machines, and more particularly ring spinning frames, especially those intended for cotton, wool and similar materials, have, as is known, the serious disadvantage that the yarn tension produced as a result of the spinning process acts right up to the front rollers, and the part of the thread in process of formation and extending partly round the front lower roller is endangered between the point where the thread leaves the front lower roller and the nipping pointof the front rollers owing to the fact that this portion does notshare in the twist 'or only does so to a very slightextent. This results in comparatively frequent breakage of the thread, and this, in the case of fairly long fibres, diminishes the yield and the quality and smoothness of the yarn and, in the case of shorter fibres, such as artificial wool, artificial cotton and the like, makes spinning almost impossible. At the place mentioned there also arises, owing to the yarn tension on the one hand and of the defective twist onthe other hand, an uncontrollable and therefore undesirable draft, which, if it does not lead to breakage of the thread, frequently causes a thin place in the yarn, which has to be taken into consideration when giving the twist, by unnecessarily increasing the co-eflicient of twist.

Numerous attempts to eliminatethese defects, as for example, by inclining the plane of the drawing rollers or of the spindles, by altering the spindle speed, and by other similar means, have not led to the desired result, but have brought with them other dis-- terial, because otherwise the true twist canirregularities. In the case of carded wool yarn rovings made on the web divider this does not apply, but the danger ofincreasing the rather great irregularity already existing by emp oying a roller draft is here even greater, for which reason these rovings have hitherto either not been drawn by means of rollers at all, or else only by the aid of coniplicated devices, which, by imparting a preliminary twist (spinning tubes and the like) render possible the employment of a slight nical improvement, butalso an increase in economy. Means for carrying out the Process are shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 show diagrammatically,

iniside elevation artly in section) and m plan respectively, rawmg rollers according Y to the invention for flyer frame rovings; while Y I Figures 3 and 4 show corresponding views of drawing rollers according to the invention for web divided rovings.

Fimu'es 1 and 2 show the apparatus according to the invention as applied to flyer frame rovings, which alread have a certain preliminary twist from the yer frame. The thread in process of production is subjected to the frictional action of a transversplg moving wire 8 or of a friction surface WhlC transmits the twists originating from the spindle 10 right up to the nipping point of the front rollers 6 and 7. Consequently a horizontal arrangement of the lane 'of the drawing rollers is possible, wit all Its advantages.

Between the first pair of rollers 1, 2 and the second pair of rollers 4, 5 is also arranged a friction surface 3. A 9 pre-, vents the yarn from slippingo sideways, and in certain cases it is'advisable to provide an additional pin 12 for the same purpose. From Figure 2 will also be seen the directionof movement of the friction surfaces 8 and 3, of which 8 runs in the twistin direction of the thread, while 3 runs in t e opposite direction.

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the apphcation of the invention to drawinglrollers for web divider yarns. Between e'first pa1 rof drawing rollers 1, 2 and the second panof drawing rollers 4, 5 are arranged a lower face 11, which move in opposite directions.

The friction surfaces move endlessly past all-the threads of the same machine and may be so arranged as to run in one direction on one side of the machine and back on the other side, and on the working side of the machine to run over one driving pulley each. I The working process is arranged as folows:

1. For flying frame racing.

The slightly twisted roving supplied through the first pair of drawing rollers 1, 2 passes over the friction surface 3 to the second pair of rollers 4, 5. Owing to the fact that the friction surface 3 runs in a direction opposite to the direction of twist of the roving this slight twisting is loosened and a uniform drawing of this now opened piece of roving is rendered possible. Between the second pair of rollers 4, 5 and the front pair of rollers 6, 7 the roving now receives its main draft, and after leaving the nipping point between these two rollers it also immediately receives the spinning twist, which originates from the spindle 10 and is transmitted by the laterally moving friction surface 8 to the length of yarn located between the friction surface 8 and the front pair of rollers 6 and .7. Owing to the sharp deflection of the thread at 8, moreover, the yarn tension produced by the winding-on traveller is to some extent restrained, and

is therefore smaller in the thrum between the friction surface 8 and the front pair of rollers 6 and 7 than between the friction surface 8 and the spindle 10. The pin 9 and, if necessary, the pin 12, prevent the thread from sliding off sideways in the digectiosn of movement of the friction surace Q. For 'web' divider roof/n9.

The roving is drawn between the first pair of drawing rollers 1, 2 and the second pair of rollers 4,5. As set forth above, however, that is not possible in the case of a completely untwisted roving, so a s1ight-so called false twist is produced in the neighbourhood of the rollers 4 and 5 by the friction surfaces 3 and 11 running in opposite tion surface such as 11, moving in the op- -thread, a plurahty of posite direction, may be arranged above the thread. v

What I claim is 1. In a spinning process, deflecting the thread in process of formation through approximately a right angle, thereby diminish ing the yarn tension originating from the spindle, imparting a spinning twist to the thread at the spindle and applyingto the thread, at a place where said deflection occurs, a twist in the direction of twist of the thread imparted by the spindle, said last mentioned twist extending right back to the nipping point.

2. A spinning machine comprising a spin friction surface moving parallel to the draw ing rollers, in the direction of twist of the threads imparted by the spindle, and in contact' with the thread in the neighborhood of the point of intersection of the axis of the spindle and the plane of the drawing rollers, said friction surface passing endlessly over all the threads that are being formed in the machine.

4. A spinning machine for web divider rovings, comprising two pairs of drawing rollers and two frictlon'surfaces-movlng parallel to the drawing rollers, in opposite directions on opposite sides of the thread, and incontact with the thread between the first and second pairs of drawin rollers, said friction surfaces passing en essly over all the threads that are being formed in the machine at different distances from the drawing rollers, whereby they are not in superposed relationship.

5. The process of spinning, which includes passing the thread from drawing rolls to a spindle, imparting to the thread a spinning twist at said spindle deflecting the thread at approximately right angles at a point intermediate of the drawing rolls and the spindle, thereby reducing the thread ten-v sion due to the spindle, and rotating the thread atthe deflection point, in the direc+ tion of the twist of the thread, to transmit to the nipping point of the drawing rolls a portion of the twisting effect of the spindle.

'6. A spinning machine including a spin dle actingto impart a s inning twlst to the awing rolls and'a wire disposed in the intersection of the spindle axis and the plane of the drawing rolls,

whereby the thread is caused to bend substantially at rightangles in passing from the drawing rolls to the spindle, said wire being disposed substantially parallel. to the drawing rolls and movable endwise torotate the thread and transmit to the nipping point of the last drawing rolls a portion of the twisting elfect imparted to the thread by the spindle and effect a reduction of the tension of the thread between said wire and the drawing rolls.

7. A spinning machine including a plurality of pairs of drawing rolls anda frictional band movable in a direction parallel to the axes of the rolls and between adjacent pairs, said band 't'rielionally engaging with the thread to el'l'ecta change in the extent of the twist of the latter, and the thread opposite to the band being unsupported whereby the hand offers but slight re,- sistance to the endwise movement of th thread.

8. A spinning machine including a plurality of pairs of drawing rolls and a pair.

-1'0ci'i0l1 to effect a change m the extent of the twist, of the thread, said bands being at different distances from the next succeeding pair of drawing rolls, whereby the bands are. not in superposed relationship, and the thread is not gripped between them.

In testimony whereof I have signed-my name to this specification.

EMIL GMINDER.

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