US1665275A - Ingot mold and stool - Google Patents

Description

April 10, 1928. 1,665,275

J. E. PERRY INGOT MOLD AND STOOL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 18. 1926 l """M wml HW;

INVEVNTOR faz Per/1y y /fa .t C l A l t@ (5 ATTQRNEY April 10,'1928. A

' l .'J. E. PERRY :New Mom)l AND sTQoL Filed Jan`.1s. 1926. 2 sheets-sheer 2 INVENTOR j/m E Per@ Ialte'entedv pr. l0, 1.928.

1,665,275 UNITEDSTATES,PATENT ori-loa JOHN E. PERRY, or SHARON, PENNSYLVANIA, A'ssrGNoR To VALLEY MOULD a IRON cORroRArIoN, R smRPsv1LLE,-PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or' Naw YORK.

meer AMom) AND sroor..

-Appncatmn med January 1s, i926. serial No. s1,ss4.`

The present invention relates broadly to metallurgy and more especially to an ingot mold, anda stool therefor. y

Heretofore in the art of casting] ingots, and more specially steel ingots, vertical ingot molds have beengenerally of two types,

namely, o f the big-end-up type and the big'- end-down type. In both of these types the side walls of the ingot mold have been tapered to a considerable catena In the big-end-down type of mold, thistapering of thev walls 'to a large extent has caused in the ingots cast in such molds the zones of coolin to comprise cupped shaped zones with t e bottom portiono the cup having a wider cross section than the mouth thereof` so that as the metal froze themouth portions would tend-to close up and enclose a. volume of molten metal which when iinally frozen, left cavities in the middle portion of the ingot as Well as a' cavity in` theu` per end of the in ot.. These cavities in t e lower portion o the ingot are known in the art as secondary pipesandthe cavity in the. upper portion o a primary pipe. The practical -mampulationjof equipment makes it desirable V4to y cast theingots with the big-end-down, even though liabilltles'of formation of secondary .pipes are present. To avoid the diiliculties with secondary pi es', etc., the art has gone-in some cases to t e, big-end-up. type of mold, in which the metaltends to, crystallize `in cupped shape zones with the widest part of the cup'being the mouth thereof, so that as thelmetal freezes the secondary piping is generally avoided, although the primary pipe. may be slightly larger. Where ingots lare cast in a'big-endup type ofmold-with a heavy ta er, the in ot .whenfrozen shrinksv 'and ten s tov lift t e bottom 'of the ingot' ulpward vand to wedge the t u? .91 e'ingot in the tapered mo is leaves thelower en'd ofthe vingot hangin without -an underneath support and\ this causes raokswhich never weld together in subse-ique'nt operations. y p The present invention, which relatesA more specially. tothe art of casting steel'ingots,

overcomes the diliiculties 4of fthe-'known art by providing a' mold having a small taper;

the'maximum of which is considerably less than that heretofore known in the art.` I,A have diieovered'thata mold iup-'whichv the' the ingot is referred to as taper, measured by measuring` total diameter of the mold re ative to the length thereof, is not over one and live tenths ercentum' produces'an ingot in which secon ary pipes do not loccur when cast big-,end-down; and

which mold may also be used with equal facilities'for casting big-end-up without thev 1 attendant defects in ingots of this type. Where this novel mold is used the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome in.

that the condition of the steel in the ingot when cast with "the big-end-down is that vof substantially a solid ingot withthe excep- -as to that part of the 'ingot formed over the stool upon which the mold sets; The present invention also comprises a novel ype of stool adapted to cooperate with this nar.-

`row taper molds The stool is provided with ya cup which is located with 'the center ofthe cup substantiall coincidin with the longitudinal' axis of t e matrix o the mold. This cup in its preferred form is sli htly less in diameter'than the diameter of t e open end of the mold which vsets u on the stool, so that aY slight marginal ange is formed on the end of the ingot between thecup and 4the side wall of the ingot mold. This cup l forms an Vextension on the end' of the ingot in which extension undesirable dendritic crystallization is Obviated, and furthermore, the small ledge between the edge ofthe cu and-the'corner of the mold-provides a she f 'which prevents hot metal from burning out the sharp corner of -the mold which .sets

closely upon the stool to form a metal to -metal joint thereby obviating any formation `of ns between the stool and the in ot mold.

j It is also desirable that'the mol landY the 1'00' stool occupy the same relative positions for each set up withthe center of the stool being coincident with the longitudinal axis of the`- mold and therefore guide means 'may be provided on both the mold and the stool t0v lnsure this relation. -In view' Aof the fact' vthat this -mold is equally adapted for. casting mgots either big end up or 4Isig end down,l

ros

'both ends of the mold maybe provided with guide means having the same over-all' di,- mensions so that eitliennd of the mold will cooperate with the stool and guides thereon. In order to secure the best results, with this 4mold set-up, itis also desirable to provide a hot top .structure'adapted tocooperate with either end of the mold, and to that end a suitable' hot top may be arranged to cooperate with 'guiding means capable of util'- ization with either end of the 'mold so as to position the 4hot top meinbei' on either the bi end or the small enil ofthe mold.

'depe ing upon which end of the mold is lo' i uppermost. y

Where the present invention is utilized, namely, the stool, the mold, and the hot top, the difficulties of the prior art as -herein specified are overcome, and the ingot resultingtherefrom is one which is of a better inl v. ternal structure from the standpoint of steel,

and .a better external structure from the standpoint of subsequent manipplationthan the ingots ofthe known prior art.

Realizing that the present inventions may be embodied in structures other than those Y, specifically disclosed herewith, it is to be understood that the disclosure herein is illustrative and not to be considered in the limit-- `111g sense.

Other and further `objects of the present `invention willin part be obvious and will in part be pointed out hereinafter in the specification following by reference to the accompanying -drawings forming a part` thereof, and throughout. which like characters are used to represent like parts. 1

- Fig. 1 is an elevational sectional view illustrating a referred form of stool, a preferred form of t e mold showing a big-end-up setup-and a hot topstructure adapted to coopcrate with the mold. I A

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the stool showing ,the bottom of the mold .incrossl section.

Referring now. morel'spfe'cially to Figs. 1

and 2, the stool which preferably is made of I to drop on the surfacegof the at pool and not to splash a inst-the-.sidesof the mold or the top of t e. stool. rThe substantially vertical 'side wallsgvf'oflthis recess prevent .slopping over of `the' molten steel until the pool -hasfcompletel Alled, at which time the steel quickly ove owsfthe pool and comes .v into contact wlth the side walls ofthe mold. Ipiece ingot mold of cast iron with the matrix with the longitudinali axis of the matrix of the-mold.' The mold preferably comprises a body portion 7 ofv cast i'ron, and which may be provided on each endwith lifting lugs 8, the sides of which are formed to cooperate K on the mold in order to position the cent1-alf part of the recess 1 substantially coincidentwith the guiding ears 6 on the stool as is' illustrated in Fig. 2, to definitely position the bottom ofthe mold upon the flat seat 5 of the stool. -In View` of the fact ythat this mold may beused with either end up thev dimensions of the guiding surfaces ongthe lugs 8 are the same on each end of the mold'.

The ends of the mold preferably are provided with openings 9 which -may receive holding-pins or keys 10 which may belutif lized to position a suitable hot top 111 u on either end of the ingot mold, de en ent upon whichy end' of the mold is use as the mouth thereof. One feature of yprime importance of the 'resent invention is theV `degreeof taper o the matrix side walls of the mold and 'I have discovered that the maximum limit for thistaper shall not exceed one and 've tenths percentum, totall taper; that is, if the ingot-mold is 70 inches long, cfa rectangular cross-section matrix, I havefound that the measurement of approximately nineteen inches for each-,dimension of the rectangle at the smallA end ofthe mold should carry a measurement of substantially twenty inches at the large end of the .mold as aimaximum limit, or in other words one' inchtaper in seventy inches in length. The minimum limit is determined by theV clearancie'4 necessary to strip the ingotfrom the I.

xno'lddand Vthis is' somewhat dependent upon the .accuracy with, which longitudinal hnes or-planes on theinterior surfacewof. the

matrix approach a theoretical strstightgline.4

or plane.v

Having thus described my invention, what y 1. .As an article of manufacture, an ingot mold comprising an integral body portion with the matrix thereof having a taper not toexceed one and one half ercent. v

2. -As an article of manu acture, a vertica ingot. mold for .steel fingots comprising an integral body portionof cast` iron with the one and one half percent.

lmatrix thereof having a taper not to exceed an article of manufacture, a one` thereofgtapered to anamount of sub- A stantially one inch in cross section to seventy inches 1n length.

to Vlpsro'vide a vertical cavity with the side maximum' taper-of one and one half per cent, and with the ends of said ingot mold 4, In the art of casting steel ingots, a mold set-up having the matrix thereof constructed thereof having a taper not to exceed Ione and 0ne-hal per cent with the bottom of said cavity comprising a recess having rounded sidewalls and a substantially flat bottom and with an annular shoulder between said. recess and said vertical 'side walls.-- 5. As an article of manufacture, an ingot mold provided with anopen ended matrix with the side walls of said matrix having a finished in such manner that either end thereof is adapted to cooperate-with a-suitable stool.

6. Aswan article of manufacture, a stool 'foringot molds, said stool comprising a body portionof cast Yi1'on,'and having a Vrecess therein la :a substantially 11a bottom surface terminating in curved sides having a radius of curvature substantially equal to the depth ofthe recess adapted to comprise a part of the matrixg wallv of the mold set up and to form a rounded end on the ingot. 7. As an article-of manufacture, aV stool for ingot molds, said stool comprising a body portion of cast iron, and having a Yrecess 'thereinhaving a bottom surface terminating Y 8. Aningot'mold for Vcasting steel vingots l and having an ingot :forming chamber with substantially flat walls D taper-in upwardly and outwardly with aportion-*o said walls A.havinga taper not'to exccedvone and one l '.omva. PERRY. f

half per cent.

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