US1664884A - Process for erecting forms and apparatus for casting concrete walls - Google Patents

Description

April 3, 1928. 1,664,884,

' O. A. HOLLIS PROCESS FOR ERECTING FORMS AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING CONCRETE WALLS Filed June 18. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

Q}/ i 1 3 5 l i 3a., 3 Egg 7 A V A TTORNEY April 3, 1928.

O. A. HOLLIS PROCESS- FOR ERECTING FORMS AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING CONCRETE WALLS Filed June 18. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I :NVEIYTOR. mg wzf ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PTENT oFFicE.

OTIS A. I-IOLLIS, F KNOXVILLE BOROUGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS FOR ERECTING FORMS AND APPARATUS FOR CASTING CONCRETE WALLS.

'Application filed June 18 -1926. Serial No. 116,814.

In constructing walls and other structures of concrete or similar material forms or matrices are employed to produce the desired thickness and also the desired surface characteristics of the structure, and such forms must be strong enough and rigid enough to produce the result in view, and must maintain their proper alinement until the material is fully set.

w The most commonly used method of erecting a form is to build the same of lumber with its vertical sides anchored in place by braces. This method is expensive owing to the first cost of the material, and labor 5 charges for erecting and tearing down after use; and the lumber is usually fit only for kindling when the form is torn down.

Forms or matrices which are assembled of elements adapted for repeated use have been designed, but the same have been expensive, and difliculty has been found in producing a sufficiently strong and rigid form in this manner, and in obtaining and maintaining proper alinement.

The object which I have in view is the provision of a new and improved processof erecting an inexpensive form or matrix for casting concrete walls and the like which will be sufficiently strong and rigid to properly contain and sustain the concrete and cause it to be molded accurately to the pie determined thickness and surface contour.

In my novel process I arrange a plurality of pairs of spaced apart matrix boards, each pair comprised of boards set on edge and parallel with each other, and the pairs being erected in superimposed or laterally abutting relation to each other to the desired height or length of the matrix. I position stay members against the outer sides and disposed transverse to and in overlapping relation with the matrix boards, overlapping a plurality of said boards to support the boards in position from without. I secure the stay. members against outward movement by means of wire tie members whichare disposed transversely of the matrix between the edges of adjacent pairs of matrix boards, the protruding ends of the tie members being looped and engaged by the stays. To hold the matrix boards of the pairs in proper spaced relation, I employ a wedging or 1 ifng action by introducing temporary struts between the matrix boards which force the boards outwardly against the stays, such struts being removed as the concrete is about to engulf the same.

The matrix produced by my process is of novel and advantageous character.

I have also invented new and improved forms of wire tie members. 7

Other novel features of construction and also of arrangement of parts will appear from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings which are intended to illustrate the working of my new process, Fig. 1 is a perspective showing a form of matrix, characterized by horizontally disposed matrix boards, for casting a concrete wall; Fig. 2 is an end view of the same; Fig. 3 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1 but showing a slightly different arrangement of the tie member and stays; Fig. 4 is a similar View showing the matrix boards arranged vertically and the stays horizontally; Fig. 5 is an enlarged view in plan of the preferred form of my improved wire tie; Fig. 6 is a similar view of the double-loop form of tie; Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing a modification, and Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail of the tie shown in Fig. 7.

Referring first to Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6 of the drawings, according to my process of erecting the form or matrix I arrange a plurality of pairs of matrix boards, in this case hori zontally disposed, and indicated generally by the reference numeral 1, substantially as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, wherein I illustrate five pairs of matrix boards shown at 1 1 1"1 11; 1 1 and 1 l set on edge and the members of each pair being spaced apart when the matrix is assembled to the degree required to provide for the desired thickness of 'co'ncretef To hold the matrix boards of the pairs against separation I provide the stays 2 disand the same may be held in place by tie ne mbers3, the upper ends of the lowerstay members or one set said members oven lapping the lower ends of the other or upper stay members. Or where multiple loopties,

such as shown at-3 are employed, the overlapping stay members have their overlapping ends engaging the diil erent loops of the tie member. In making the wirestays the ends ef the Wire may be welded. as in dicated at 3* or otherwise attached together;

In Fig. 3 l showthe stays doubled either set the matrix boards or on edge.

this lnfi ll s, Where the stays are lath,

' additional strength may he obtained.

Fig. 4 I show the matrix boards 1 vertically disposed While the stay members are horizontally disposed. Thus the matrix for Wall may be extended in a horizontal dizect on to the. desired length of wall to be constructed. 7

1 dredge the matrix boards outwardly against the stay members by means of internalstruts l-fyvhich may conveniently be short lengths of Wooden planks or sca-ntling and wh ch are driven snugly n place, thus placing the matrix boards in compression against the stays and the tiesin tension also against the stays. Thus the looped ends of the ties grip the stays and: clamp them against the exterlor surface of the matrix boards While the matrix boards are simultaneously wedged outwardly aga nstthe stays thestruts. The strut-s are removed as jthe matrix becomes filled with concrete. Any uit b e ma ma m y be employe for the! stays, but prefer to use ooden members strips, and for this purpose I have found ordinary ooden lat-h to be en- 'ftirely satisfactory.

staiitiaI Wooden inemberssnch as two-byfours b mp eyeda i The lath r other equivalent members of relatively/yielding material have a very However, jrnore subpractical important advantage over metal rods or bars as stays, inasmuch as the tension imposed the ties the Wedging action of the struts causes the ties tobite slightly into the wooden stays, thus obtai'ning a very firm gripon the stays Which in turn are thereby pressed tightly against the sides of the matrix boards.

The'frictional contactbetween the Wooden stays and the plurality of matrix boards "Wooden boards of relatively thin mate rial of inexpensive quality may be used as matrix boards. It is evident that the at-f e may be ere ed t the ir d heigh or extent and the concrete poured to cast therein, or the matrix may be built up step by step as the concrete structure rises, the matrix boardsbeing removed from thelower conrses after the concrete has hardened and 'r ei' ected above.

The looped ends of the Wire ties which Sprotrnde from the surface of the concrete after the matrix boards are removed are clipped oft snug up against the surface of the eoncrete and the bodies of the ties remain permanently embedded in the concrete.

There lath or light ooden members are employed as stays the looped ends of the wire ties tend to bite deeply into the Wood o a gr a gree t an s n ce sary to fi m y hold 1 the matrix assembled and bite, occasionly, to an extent sufiicient to impair the strength of the stays in supporting the ma-.

boards from Without.

Thus I find it advantageous to provide the looped ends of the Wire ties 3 andi-B with means for broadening or extending their bearing surfaces on the stays, thus reducing the tendency of the ire to bite too deeply into the stays, but in no Wise impairing the efliciency of the grip which the ties have on the stays.

Thus in Figs. 7 and 8 I. show the Wire coiled in helical form at the looped ends. A. s l n t et d 0f b n ng his r su t is to r e t of w leng hs f i 9-43 With their ends bent inwardly and twisted a t e nter, a shown fien th extremitiescoiled about each other to form the twin helicesti. a

h my tend ng th se o l y process will be evident to those skilled in th o g to the manne o S IPPQ F i he matr b ards pl e y m y be re ly in W o en ar s of in xpensi q ality as they m y b sed. r peat dly. as they are not injured in assembling'or disassemblin the matrix. The struts which are remove as the concrete is filled up thereto in the matrix may also be used repeatedly and they may be short lengths of plank or board usually considered as Waste. The wireties are inexpensive to make and are inanufac tured in a number of different sizes for different thicknesses of wall structures. The lath of course are very inexpensive.

With these elements the matrix may be assembled by unskilled labor, as the width of the matrix is determined by the length of the ties and the matrix boards. are automatically brought into and held in proper position and alinement by the introduction of the struts.

Where lumber forms are built as in the present more common practice, skilled carpenters must be employed and a high quality of lumber used as the form must be carefully constructed in proper alinement and must be strong and rigid enough to sustain the burden of the concrete without giving. Thus lumber such as planks, scantling and beams must be out, fitted and nailed together. When the form is to be removed it is torn to pieces and it is rarely true that much of the material is fit for reuse in form building.

In taking down the matrix after the concrete has set, the wire ties are cut adjacent to the matrix boards, thus releasing the stays, and after the stays have been removed, the matrix boards may be stripped off, and the protruding ends of the wires clipped off close up against the surfaces of the concrete.

lVhen relatively light stays, such as wooden lath are employed I prefer to double them to give additional strength and to insure proper alinement of the matrix boards, by having the ends of the laths break joints, as shown in Fig. 4:. I obtain a very reliable stay member which may be extended indefinitely without loss of strength or alinement.

What I desire to claim is 1. For use for the purpose described a wire tie member having its ends pre-formed into loops to receive the stays, the portions of the loops bearing on the stays being provided with broadened bearing surfaces to prevent excess biting into the stays.

2. For use for the purpose described a wire tie member having its ends pre-formed into loops to receive the stays, the loops being wrapped with metal to prevent excess biting into the stays.

3. For use for the purpose described a wire tie member having its ends preformed into loops to receive the stays, the loops being wrapped with wire to prevent excess biting into the stays.

4. A process for erecting a form or matrix for receiving concrete or the like which consists in arranging a plurality of pairs of opposing parallel matrix boards, the pairs being positioned one after the other, positioning transverse supporting stays against the outer sides of said boards with transversely disposed wire tie members lying between the opposing edges of the pairs of matrix boards and having looped end portions engaging said stays, said tie members being preformed to provide a predetermined effective length, said stays overlapping a plurality of said matrix boards, and thereafter interposing struts between the members of the pairs of matrix boards for the purpose of producing a wedging and spreading effect to force said matrix boards outwardly and to cause the looped ends of the ties to tightly grasp the stays and clamp the latter against the outer faces of the matrix boards, the effective length of the tie members determining the efi'ective width of the form or matrix.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa, this 7 day of June, 1926.

OTIS A. HOLLIS.

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