US1624085A - Mechanical movement - Google Patents

Description

1,624,085. Ap 12, 1927' J. WEGNER awumtoz o U My 4 a "W a. 5.

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J WEGNER MECHANICAL MOVEMENT I Filed March 20. 1926 I April 12, 1927.

Patented Apr. 12, 1927.

UNITED STATES JULIUS WEGNER, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Application filed March 20, 1926.

This invention has reference to mechanism for changing rectilinear into curvilinear motion, and it more especially appertains to devices for converting straight line reciprocatory into similar but arcuate movement.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved device of the character described capable of being'employed in connection with the work-table of a metal or stone working tool and utilizing the reciprocatory motion thereof to bring about a travel closely approaching an arc, the centre whereof lies beyond the compass of the device itself.

Another object is to produce a device of the nature set forth including means for n determining the amount of bend of the we to be followed, irrespective of the length of travel of the primary reciprocating mechanism.

A further object is the production of a device of the class mentioned, the component parts of which can be adjusted to effect a travel the curvature wher of may vary for different portions of its movement.

Still another object resides in providing a dev'ce of the kind referred to, adapted for attachment to an existing planer', grinder or milling machine, without any alterations thereof being necessary.

A still fur her object consists in producing a device for the purpose inview, practically constructed and of small dimensions; composed of few, simple and strong parts; efficient to operate; not liable to get. out of working order; besides amenable to low cost of manufacture.

Other objects and advantages of the inrention will become apparent as the specifi- -ation proceeds.

ll ith the aforesaid objects in view, the invention consists of the novel combinations and arrangen'ients of parts hereinafter described in their preferred embodiments,

pointed out in the subjoined claims, and

illustrated on the annexed drawings, wherein like parts are designated by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

Generally described, the device under consideration includes in its organization a pair of spaced apart elements connect-ed up in o relation one to the other with. a reciprocatory member. The arrangement of the inner or connected ends of the elements is Serial No. 96,181.

such that they respectively oscillate from and towards this member. The opposite or outer extremities of these elements are mounted to have a sliding movement in guides respec ively disposed at right angles to and in parallelism with the path followed by the reciprocatory member. The extremi ties last referred to, besides having the aforesaid sliding movement, are afforded pivotal connections with their respective guides. A linkage coupling up these elements iii-an articulated manner intermediate their terminals, serves to coordinate the motion therebetween. Means are provided for adjusting. the linkage mentioned with respect to the elements and thereby predetermine the curvature of the arcuate path traversed by a work-holder actuated by the element which oscillates relatively to the reciprocating member. The guide defining the motion of the extremity of the element slidable at right angles to the movement of the member, is capable of being set so as to reduce the actual amount of this motion, whereby a variation in the curved path of the work-holder takes place at the limits of its travel.

The advantages of the invention as here outlined are best realizrd when all of its features and instrumentalities are combined in the one and same structure, but, useful devices may be produced embodying less'than the whole.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, upon becoming conversant with the details thereof, that the same may be incorporated in several different constructions. The accompanying drawings, therefore, are submitted merely as showing the preferred exenmlification of the invention.

In the said drawings Figure I is a broken top plan view of one exemplification of this invention, a portion of a reciprocatory machine wherow-ith the same coacts being shown;

Fig. II is a similar front elevation of the structure depicted by the foregoing view, the outline of a piece of work operated upon being indicated in dot and dash lines;

Fig. III is a side elevation of Fig. I, looking at the same from the right towards the left thereof;

Fig. 1V is a section taken on the line TV IV of I looking in the direction of the thereto appertaining arrows;

Fig. V is a sectional side elevation, the section being taken on the line V-V of Fig. I, looking in the direction pointed out by the arrows;

Fig. V1 is a diagrammatic plan view of the device with one of its parts in acertain position; i

F VII is a like view to the preceding with the same part in a changed position; and

Fig. VIII is a diagrammatic, partial plan view, showing the contour of a curved cut capable of being made by this improved device.

Referring now to these several views for a detailed description of the invention thereby exemplified in its preferred embodiment, it will be observed that the known parts to which the same is agplied have been designated by letters of reference, instead of numerals as are used for denoting the present improvement. This was done it will be understood merely to intimate that the said parts are not treated or considered as pertaining exclusively to the latter, but are claimed herein only in so far as they form therewith legitimate combinations of elements capable of yieldingnovel and useful results. Some exponents in the nature of small or lower case letters suiiixed to the numerals denote various positions of the parts that constitute the improved mechanism represented in the drawings.

Pursuant to the method of notation adopted, the letter A designates a table or platen pertaining to a planer, grinding or milling machine, such as is used in the stone and metal working arts. This table has a rectilinear or other motion back and forth over a bed B, that rests upon a foundation or other primary support C. From the latter extends up, in out board relation to the main bed B, another bed or foot that may be composed of a pair of pedestals, 11, 12,

' having entablatures 13, 1s respectively, of

which the one last mentioned may include a sidewisc overhung ledge 15. Fixedly secured, to both the entablature 13 and to the ledge 15 a box-shaped guide 17, which has its upper face substantially level with the top of the table A, and is provided interiorly thereof with opposed guiding surfaces 18. These surfaces are disposed ap proximately in the same direction as that followed by the motion of the table A, and constitute the guide proper, the purpose whereof will be later referred to. Upon the entablature of the other pedestal 12 is carried a similar but shorter guide 20, the guit ing surfaces 21 of which normally stand in right angular relation to the travel of the said table A. If required, the last named guide may be swivelled to its support in order to enable the same to be placed in the position thereof, illust ated by Fig.

VII. To this end, the lower portion of said guide 20 has formed therewith, a flange 22, having arcuate slots 23 through which pass bolts 24 threaded into the entablature 14. The swivelling of the flange 22 takes place around a stat 2-5 as a central pivot which may be secured in the said entablature 14. It will be understood, when the clamping bolts 24; are loosened, that the shorter guide 20 can, within certain limits, be located or adjusted as desired.

Overlying the level, upper faces of the table A, and the guide 17, is an element 26, which is shown as consisting of a workcarrier 27 from one side wiereof projects an arm 23. The carrier referred to, may be of any suitable and approved configuration, the present embodiment thereof being that of an oval, having one of its sides flattened as denoted at 29. In the underside of said carrier 27, coinciding with the minor axis thereof, is formed a guideway 31 within which is received a dog 32 that may be in the nature of a rigid stud, reaching up from the said table, being for convenience threaded thereinto by its lower shouldered terminal.

Extending approximately through the longitudinal centre of the arm 28, is a slot like, open guide 34:, in the vicinity of the outer end whereof is located a bolt 35. The shank portion 36 of this bolt passes through an enlarged opening in a block37 (Fig. V) which has a working fit between the counterfacing sides 38 of said guide 34. Collar- like plates 40, 41, disposed against said block 37, respectively above and below the same, besides taking over the top and bottom faces of the guide slot 34, will when pressure is applied thereto, by the tightening of nuts 42 threadingly engaging the shank 36, interrelatively clamp the before mentioned parts together, at a specified position within the said slot. In order that the element 26 may be afforded oscillation about: the bolt 35. as its pivotal centre, there is provided intermediate of the latter and the block 37, a sleeve 43 that has a flange a l, the underside whereof contacts with the upper face of the hereinlxefore referred to guide 17, 18. Below the flange 44-, the bolt is increased in size so to provide a neck of larger diameter than the shank portion 36 thereof. Upon this neck, between a head 46 at its lower extremity and said flange 44 is rotatably mounted a roller 47 which is in engagement with the surfaces 18 of the guide 17. From the foregoing it will be seen that first, the bolt 35 is translatable in the said guide 18; secondly, the element 26 is adjustable in and out relatively thereto; and thirdly, the said element 26 is afforded an oscillatory movement with respect to the bolt mentioned.

At such times as the primary reciprocatory member or table A is being moved to and fro by its own mechanism, the dog 32 in the guideway 31 will transmit this movement, the sameas a link motion, to the work-carrier 27 and the thereto appended arm 28. But the resultant.movement of the last named parts will: be oscillatory towards the said table member with the bolt as avfulcrum. Thus it will be comprehended, that if a piece of work D to be operated upon, such as a stone or the like, is secured in customary way, to the carrier 27, this work-piecewill swing arcuately in the path of a tool held relativev stationary thereto. The latter may be either of the fixed or revolving type, depending upon the nature ofthe operation to be performed. Figs. 1 and II of the drawings hereto annexed, indicate the outline of a grinding wheel E. Such a tool, for best results and to prevent undercutting thereof upon the work, should have its axis disposed in the same perpendicular, plane which passes radially through the carrier 27, arm 28, andfulcrum bolt 35, in the manner suggestedby I. The support and drive for the tool have not been shown, as they are not the purport of the present invention, besides being well known in the art.

Spaced away fromthe oscillatable main element- 26, preferably rearwardly thereof. is another arm 50, which for convenience may be termed the secondary element. 8 The arm last inentionedis hingedly connected to the reciprocatory member A by means of a fulcrunr pm or stud 51, which is located in laterally o'll'setrelation to that of the dog 32. Said secondary element is by preference made somewhat shorter than, the main element 26 having, unlike the latter, no workcarrier affixed thereto. Both ofthese ele ments for the sake of rigidity and ,strengtl i have been given an approximately Hflor I,

shaped section, as willbe'note d witli'pare ticular reference to Figs. IV and ,V, In conformity "it-h the main element, the secondary element is provided centrally and longitudinally thereof. with a, guideway 52, in the outer or free extremity whereof adjustably fixed a bolt 53, similar to. and for the same purpose the before na'med ful (llllll bolt 35, for which reason a detailed description thereof has been omitted. It will.

Mounted for translation within each. of.

the guideways 34, 52, on the near or inner side of the bolts 35, 5;). are blocks 55., In view of the fact that these blocks and the therewith coacting parts are alike, it will suffice in describing thesame, to refer to one of them only. Adjacent to the top and bot tom faces of each block, and also taking over the upper ahdlower working surfaces of the aforementioned guideways, are disposed different size collar- plates 57, 58 respectively. A bolt 60 passes through said block 55 and extends above as well as below the collar plates57, 58, a certain distance, so as to receive on the body thereof, cylindrical spacing sleeveslil, 62 respectively. These spacers arevretained in place by a washer 63 at one, and a head (Slat theother end of said bolt. Nuts 65 threaded onto the upper reduced terminaL of. the latter, serve to clampingly secure the aforenan' ed parts together.

A connection preferably composed of a pair of links 67, 68, including perforated eyeportions 69., 70, respectively, are adapted to have a. working fit around the sleeves 61, 62. The links or linkage spoken o f, are. arranged. with their. counter facing sides towards the collar plates 57, 58, being maintained in position thereagainst by the hereinbefore referred to washer and head, 63, (it respectively. The upper and larger plates 57 are Iormed withears 72, 73, on theouter side edges thereof, which ears i are internally,

threaded to receive lead screws 74, respectively. The latter extend in offset relation to and alongside of the guideways 34-, 52, respectively, being rev olvably supportedin or near the opposite extremities of the respective arms 28, 50; At 76 is shown a lug on the main arm 28, in which lug the inner terminal of the screw 74tis journalled. Witlr the object of preventing endwi se movement ofthe screws 74, 75, in headpieces 77, 78belonging tothe last mentioned arms and. through which the said screws extend, there are furnishedon the same paired collars 79., 80. These collars are suitably. fastened to thelead screws 74, 75, on both sides of their journal portions and bear against saidliead pieces, serving to take care ofthe end thrust when the screws are rotated by a hand crank (not. shown) applied tothc outer squared ends 82, 83, thereof.

To the ears 72, 73, are fastened in any approved manner, fingers or indices 85, 86,

which coactwith graduations marked on verniers 87, 88, secured to the upper edges ofthe outer flanges forming part of the arms 28, 50. By means of these indices and Vernier-s, various positions which the before mentioned linkage is capable of assuming, can be accurately predetermined.

In the operations of. the device in ques-v tion, it will understood from what has been stated hereinbefore, that when the table A. is being moved back and forth on its bed B, the dog in the guideway 31 of the work-carrier 27, will oscillate the latter and thetherewith conjoinedarm 28 from the fulcrum bolt 35, which, as previously mentioned, is floating or free to slide in the longer guide 17, 18. Contemporaueously, the table A will move with it the pin 51, to which the secondary arm element is hinged. By virtueof this arrangement, the guide bolt in the outer end of the said element 50, is given a to and fro motion in the shorter guide 20, 21. But while the said pin 51 follows a straight course during the swingingmovement of the inner end of the last named element, the linkage 67, 68, connecting both elements, is alternately pushing or pulliii on the main element 26. And, as the dog 32 is relatively fixed, thesame then becomes the fulcrum from which the said linkage exerts a purchase upon the element The belt 35 at the free extremity of the latter element has thereby imparted to it, a travel in the guide 17, 18, but which is considerably reduced with respect to the principal path of the work carrying end of the element referred to. The closer the mo tion transmitting links 67, (58 are placed, relatively to the inner ends of the elements, the greater the movement communicated to the fuicrun'i bolt 35 in its guide, and. the reverse, the farther out the location of the said links. It stands to reason that the greater the movement of the said bolt 35, the longer the distance which the imaginary centre lines of the main element, in its median and extreme positions, must be extended before they intersect. Through the instrumentality of the screws 74, 75, the blocks and the thereto flexibly coupled linkage, can be adjusted into any of the intermediary positions thereof, be it either at right angles to, or on the bias, one way or the other relative to the elements 28, 50, to produce the desired result with respect to the convergence of the radially extended centre lines and thereupon depending arcuate travel of the work-carrier 27.

In Fig. V1 is represented diagrammatically by full lines, the central or median location of the elements 26, 50 and links 67, and in dots and dashes the same parts when in the position of extreme rearward travel. The llorward limit of movement has not been shown as it would be merely a duplication of the rearward one. To the numerals which denote the parts mentioned have been suffixed the small letters a and b, to clearly indicate the changed position of the identical parts.

[it such times as the shorter guide 20 is adjusted to stand in other than at right angles to the reciprocatory member A, or the longer guide 17, as depicted at 20", Fig. VII, the apparent travel of the guide bolt 53 to its extremepesition 53", is the same as when the guide 20 is perpendicularly disposed, as in F 1g. VI. The actual movement of the said guide bolt, however, 1s so much smaller or shorter as the cosine of the angle to which the said guide is set. hereof is that the angularity or convergence of the theoretical centre lines from median to extreme positions of the element 26, is considerably more acute than when the guide 20 is in the right angular relation thereof represented by Fig. V I, the point of intersection of the extended centre lines 28, 28", being designated m. As a consequence of the setting illustrated in Fig. VII, the work-carrier 2-7 is swung over far more sharply towards the limits of its travel than in the middle portion of the latter. And. a piece of work held to this carrier will be given an irregular curvature under the operating tool, something on the order of what is indicated at n Fig. VIII, which shows one-half of the outline of the cut. libviously, if the guide 20 is adjusted so as to stand 90 from the position thereof represented by Fig. VII, the inwardly turned ends of the curve, will run oppositely or out-ward, exaggeratedly indicated by the dotted line 77, Fig. VIII.

lVhile a certain preferred embodiment of this device has been shown and described, it will be understood that changes in the form, arrangements, proportions, sizes and details thereof may be made, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim, is:-

1. In a mechanical movement of the character described, the combination of a reciprocatory member, a pair of spaced apart elements coacting therewith, the latter being oscillated from their inner ends by said member, said elements having pivotal connections respectively with and offset from the member, the outer extremities of the elements being guided respectively in angular relation to and in parallelism with the direction of movement followed by the member, and a connection between the said elements intermediate the terminals thereof acting to reduce the motion of the elements ex tremityguided in parallelism with the reciprocation of the member, thereby contemporaneously flattening the are of oscillation of the inner end of the last named element.

2. In a mechanical movement of the character described, the combination of a reciprocatory member, a pair of elements having one of their ends respectively in slidable and pivotal engagement with said member, the other extremities of said elements being guided for movement respectively parallel with and in angular relation to the member, and means connecting the elements serving to move the extremity of the element having its end in sliding engagement with the reciprocating member but in a reduced The result ratio relatively to the movement of the said end.

3. In a mechanical movement of the character described, the combination of a reciprocatory member, guides disposed in parallelism with and in angular relation to said member, a primary element fulcrumed near its outer terminal to said parallel guide with the inner end thereof oscillated by the mem ber, a secondary element pivotally carried by the inner end from the member and having the opposite extremity thereof movably engaging said angularly disposed guide, and means coordinating the increment of the elements serving to impart to said fulcrumed terminal a reduced movement in its guide and thereby control the arc of oscillation of the inner end of the said primary element.

t. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table and its tool, a work-carrier interposed between by the latter and said table oscillated thereby, an arm extending from said carrier fulcrumed independently of and in outboard relation to the table, and means for shifting the fulcrum of said arm in the direction of movement of the said table coincidentally with the oscillation of the carrier to control the arcuate movement thereof.

5. In a mechanical movement of the character described, the combination with a reciprocatory table and its tool, a wor r-carrier having a rigid extension thereon overlying said table under said tool, a fulcrum for the outer end of said extension, means for imparting oscillation tosaid carrier, and other means actuated by and in the same direction as the latter capable of shifting the ful-' crum during the oscillative movementof the carrier whereby its arouate motion is con trolled.

6. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table and a rotary tool, a work-carrier superposed upon said table beneath said tool, an extension on said carrier fulcrumed in offset relation to the table, means for impart ing oscillation to the carrier from its fulcrumed extension bythe table, the fulcrum of said extension in the median position of the carrier being disposed in the same plane as the axis of the said rotary tool, and mechanism coordinated with the motion of the table acting in the same direction as the latter and operating to shift the fulcrum of the said extension thereby prede'terinining the arc of travel of the said carrier.

7. In a mechanical movement of the character described, the combination of a reciproca'tory table and its tool, a work-carrier oscillated by said table fulcrumed in offset relation thereto, mechanism for shifting the fulcrum of said carrier during the oscillation thereof to flatten its arc of travel, said mechanism acting to shift said fulcrum in the same direction as the movement of said table, and means for adjusting said mechanism to control the radius of said arc, said. adjustment being independent of said fulcrum;

8. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table and its tool, a work-carrier thereunder fulcrumed sidewise of said table oscillated thereby, an element connected to the table having one end movable in angularrelation thereto, and means intermediate of said element and said carrier acting during oscillation of the latter to shift its fulcrun'i in substantial parallelism with the table, said shifting action operating to'increase the radius of the carriers oscillative movement beyond the fulcrum thereof.

9. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a recipros catory table and its tool, a primary element fulcrunied by its outer extremity offset from said table and oscillated thereby awork-carrier at the inner end. of said element overlying the table under said tool, a secondary element spaced from said primary element pivotally coupled by the same end as the latter to the table having the opposite terminal extending therefrom, means respectively guiding the fulcrumed ei-:- tremity and the opposite terminal of said elements in parallelism with and in angular relation to the direction of motion fol-, lowed by the table, and a linkage connecting the said elements on the inside of their said guiding means, said linkage serving during oscillation of the primary element to shirt the fulcrum thereof in the parallel guide;

10. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table and its tool, guides disposed respectively in parallelism *ith and in angular relation to the direction of motion followed by said table,a primary element fiilcrunied at one extremity to saidparallel, guide with'its other end overlying the table, sa i-d overlying end affording a carrier for work presented to said'tool, means for oscillating said carrier by the table about the fulcrum of said element, a secondary element spaced from said primary element pivotally connected by the same end as the latter to the table in offset relation to said means, having the opposite terminal thereof in engagement with said angulai'ly disposed guide, a linkage connecting the said elements 'atermed-iate their said guides and the table, serving to shift the fulcrum of the primary element during the oscillation of said carrier, and means for adjusting said, linkage relatively to the elements in order to vary the'arcuate travel of the carrier.

11. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a; reciprocatory table and its tool, arms oscillated by said table extending sidewise therefrom, the inner end of one of said arms affording a carrier for work presented to said tool, and means connected to the other one of the said arms operating during the oscillation thereof to shift the first mentioned arm and its said carrier, said means being capable of controlling the radius of oscillation of the latter.

12. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table and its tool, arms pivotally supported on and away from said table and oscillated by the same, means guiding said arms respectively angularly and parallel to the table, a carrier moved by one of the arms presenting work to said tool, a. linkage coordinating the movement of the arms operating during their oscillation to shift the one thereof guided in parallelism with the table, and other means for adjusting the angular means to cause the arm guided thereby to impart to the arm moving said carrier augmented deflection at the limits of its travel.

13. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table and its tool, arms having one of their ends oscillated by said table, means guiding the outer extremities of said arms, a carrier presenting work to said tool moved by one of the arms, mechanism coordinating the motion of the arms causing the outer extremity of the carrier moving arm to be shifted during the oscillation thereof, and other means retarding the same extremity of the other arm operating to vary the oscillator movement of said carrier towards the limits of its travel.

14:. A device of the character described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table and its tool, guides disposed respectively in angular relation to and in parallelism with said table, the first mentioned guide being adjustable to vary its angularity, arms oscillatably connected by their inner ends to the table having the outer extremities of the same in engagement with said guides, a carrier holding work to Said tool actuated by the arm engaging the parallel guide, and means coordinating the movement of the arms acting during the oscillation thereof to shift the last named arm in its guide, the action of the angularly adjusted guide upon the extremity of the arm in engagement therewith operating to retard the shifting of the carrier actuating arm.

15. In a device of the class described, a reciprocatory member, a pair of'elements pivotally connected to said member and projecting laterally therefrom, the outer end of one of said elements capable of moving in parallelism with said reciprocatory memher and the corresponding end of the other element being arranged to move in angular relation to the direction of movement of said reciprocatory member, means connecting said elements serving to reduce the motion of the end of the element moving parallel with the member, and 'a work holder carried by said last named element partaking in the reduced motion thereof.

16. In a device of the class described, a reciprocatory member, a pair of elements pivotally connected to said member and projecting laterally therefrom, the outer end of one of said elements capable of moving in parallelism with said reciprocatory member and the corresponding end of the other element being arranged to move in angular relation to the direction of movement of said reciprocatory member, means connecting said elements serving to reduce the motion of one thereof, means for adjusting said connecting means longitudinally of said elements, to vary the reduced motion th-erebetween, and a work holder carried by one of said elements partaking of the reduced mo tion thereof.

17. In a device of the class described, a reciprocatory member, a pair of elements pivoted at their inner ends to said member in spaced relation and projecting from said member angularly with respect to the direction of movement of the latter, the outer end of one of said elements capable of moving in parallelism with said reciprocatory member and the corresponding end of the other element being arranged to move toward said member, means connecting said elements causing the end of the element moving parallel with the member to travel at a reduced ratio relative thereto, and a work holder carried by the inn-er end of the last mentioned element and partaking of its said motion.

18. In a device of the class described, a reciprocatory member, a pair of elements associated with said member and projecting angularly therefrom with respect to the path of travel of the latter, one of said elements having a connection with the member permitting movement of the element laterally of said path of travel, an anchorage for the outer end of said element enabling the same to move toward said member, an anchorage for the outer end of the other element permitting movement of said end in parallelism with the path of travel of the said member, means connecting said elements serving to reduce the movement of said last named end in its anchorage, and a work holder carried by the inner end of the element partaking of the reduced motion.

19. A device of the class described comprising in combination with a reciprocatory table including a rotary tool, a carrier presenting work to said tool having one end thereof associated With said table, a pivotal anchorage for the other end of said carrier, and means for imparting swinging movement to the latter about said anchorage, said means serving also to impart a tran-slatory mot-ion to said anchored end of the carrier and thereby reduce the swinging movement of the end thereof actuated by the table, the true pivot of said movement being located beyond the said anchor- 10 age and disposed in the same plane as the axis of the said rotary tool.

JULIUS WEGNER.

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