US1616977A - Concrete building construction - Google Patents

Description

g 27o Feb 8 A. A. Koivu CONCRETE BUILDG CONSTRUCTION' Filed Sept. 20, 1926 i Patented Feb. 8,1927.

ALFRED A. KOIV'U, 0F YORK, I.

CONCRETE. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application mea september 2o, 1926. seriarnpflsceo.

This invention relates to buildings, espe. ciallv for residential purposes, in which the chie element of the walls, and sometimes the partitions, consists of concrete, or other hard 5 setting material. Y

The most common method heretofore .employed for the construction of such buildings involves the use of wood form boards which areremoved after the concrete which was poured between them becomes hardened or set. Then when inner plaster, or outer stucco, or both, are applied to the cement surfaces, firm and durable adherence of such coatings, can not be depended upon to resist cracking unless furring and expanded metalv lath is iirst applied to the, face of the concrete.

The principal objectfof my invention is to provide inexpensive and simply constructed buildings which are strong, substantially fire proof and heat insulated.

Another object is to provide concrete buildings capable of carrying a stucco finish 2 and without employing expanded metal lath or equivalent.

'With the above and other objects hereinafter referred to in view, the invention consists in the method and the combination of elements substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

Of the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of so much ofa wall constructed according to my invention as is necessary to an understanding of the same, the concrete lling being omitted, and a corner portion broken away to better illustrate the fibrousl material.

. Figure 2 represents a verticalvr section of the same, with part of the concrete filling in lace.- .Y p Figure 3 represents a section on line 3 3 of Flgure 2. y

Figurefl is a plan view on a smaller scale illustrating a utility hereinafter` described.

Similar reference characters lindicate similar parts or features in all of the views.

The sheets on slabs 12 are rough-surfaced and preferabl they are composed chiefly of somewhat soft and. capable of being bent' if rounded or curvedwall portions are desired. And an important characteristic is that said material, which is.y slow-burning, is a very eilective heat insulator. 'For ythe sake of brevity the sheets or slabs, which, in pracand retaining the same without cracking,

sugar cane fi er. ,They are sti, although y tice, may be conveniently cut tosuch 'sizes as 1 X16 feet, will be hereinafter referred to as fiber boards.

Preferably each board has one surface rendered waterproof byacoating of a suitable composition such as black asphaltum paint, indicated at 13 in Figure 2.

To hold the fiberboards in the relationship illustrated, uniform wire clips are employed. Each clip `comprises a length of wir'e bent to form a loop or eye 14 at its mid-length, and arms -15 diverging therefrom, each arm l5 terminating in a U-shaped portion 16, 17, 18, to grip a board 12.- The portions 16, 18, enga e the inner and outer faces of the boards w ile the portions 17 engage and are pressed into the edges of the boards.

The clips are held in their pro er posi- 4tions duringthe erection of a wall y vertical rods 19 passing through the eyes 14 ofI the clips.

WhenA a wall is being built a course of boards 12 will first be set end to end and in two rows on a suitable `foundation not necessary to illustrate, and their edges connected by several clips suitably spaced as, for instance, 8 to 12 inches apart, Then,

rods 19 arepassed down through the eyes 14 and concrete is poured or puddledlinto the s ace between the boards as indicated at a in ig'ure 2, nearly to the upper edges of the boards. Ther-ods 19 ensure retention of l the clips in proper positions with their U- shaped portions vertical during all assembling and concrete filling.

When the first-poured concrete has hardened, or nearl so, another set of clips, the U-shaped ortlons of which open u wardly andwith t e lower edges of a secon row'of boards engaged therein, are mounted' as illustrated, with the eyes 14 ofthe clips strung on the rods 19 which thereby maintain the several rows of boards in proper vertical relationship. Each added row of boardsis ressed down so that, owing to the comparatlve softness of their cut edges, the edges of theboards can be brought c osev todther (Fig. 3) the ortions 17 of the clips ing embedded in t e opposite or adjacent edges of the boards. This provides such a close joint that when more concrete is then pouredinto the space between the boardspractically none will escape through crev- 1m.

- '111e next step win' be ai add more clips engagi with their` eyes 14 strung on the rods 19 and the upper` edges of the second" row of boar as shown at the top of Figure 1,

and the second pouring of,v concrete will be effected.v `The operations or steps described will then be repeated until the desired height of ,the wall Ais attained.

Owing to the rough surfaces of the boards andthe fibrous characteristics thereof such asl the well known types of compressed fibrous lumber, plaster and stucco material as indicated in Figure 2 at y and z respectively, will readily adhere permanently thereto without employing any uniting elementsor compositions. For reinforcing of the stucco itself a coarse wiremesh may be embedded in the firstcoating,and said plasterand stucco completely cover and conceal the end portions 18 of the wire couplings or board-uniting clips.

The rods 19 not only serve to hold or steady the clips in their positions with their U-shapled portions opening. downwardly or upwardly during constructlon of the wall,

but they serve as reinforcing rods for the completed wall.x ,Said rods can be of almost any length. Ifnot long enough to equal the total height of the w'all, shorter ones can be employed because, at any time, a rod can be added with itslower end resting on the Vsurface of a set mass of concrete.

Owing to the fact that the fibre boards can be bent or curved as indicated by Fig. 4, a building can be erected in the manner described and having portions such asare called bay window projections, or provided with various other architectural shapes not easily obtainable with present methods of construction.

While I have referred to the slabs or boards as made of material composed chiefly of sugar cane libre, I do not rlimit myself thereto as other suitable heat or cold insulating material mightA be employed. 'It is also to beunderstood that by the term concrete Ixdo not mean to limit myselt` to any specific kind of concrete, as the material may be any suitable kind capable of setting hard afterpouring. For the sake of brevity I refer to such material as concrete.

' Having now described my invention, I claim--l 1. A building wall comprising outer and lnner upright rough-surfaced boards of cellular material united at intervals and hav-- thereto.

3. The combination with a' building wall of inner and outer cellularber boards and a concrete filling between them, clips having.

U-shaped end portions engaging the edges of the boards and having intermediate eyes, and upright rods extending through said eyes, the said boards having .cementitious faces bonded thereto.

4. Means for uniting inner and outer members of a wall, said means consisting of wire bent to provide a mid-length eye with arms extending in opposite directions from the eye and having U-shaped terminals, the said terminals extending ina direction to present their openings or. mouths facing in the same` direction as the axis of the said mid-length eye.

5. A building wall comprising outer and inner upright substantially rigid cellular fibrous boards united at intervals by clips having U-shaped end portions engaging the said boards and pressed substantially half their depth in each of the two upper and lower boards adjacent each of said clips, and having intermediate eyes whichregister, a reinforcing rod extending through the registering eves and a filling of concrete enveloping sai clips and reinforcements and bonding with the cellular fibrous boards, and a layer of cementitious material on each'of the exposed faces of the-wall.

In testimony whereof I have aiixed my signature.

ALFRED A. KOIVU.

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