US1597763A - Printing telegraphy - Google Patents

Description

-fA'ugy 31 1926. 1,591,763

L. L. E. CHAUVEAU PRINTING TLEGRAPHY- 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed March 254, 1922 Snoemtoz "Aug. 31,1926.I`

- 1,597,763 L.LE.cHAuvEAu PRINTING TELEGRAPHY Filed March 2441922 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Aug. 31, i926.

Louis LUcmN EUGENE cmiuvmu, or rams, FRANCE.

PRINTING rsnneaarm. v

Application mea man 24,1922, semi No. 546,348, and in France umn 29,1921.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling a typewriter from a distance by means of electrical signals of different characteristics, these characteristics being such that the signals are differentiated from each other, spacing. Signals of the International Morse code may ,for instance, be utilized. The invention will be described as applied to the use of signals of this or some analogous klnd.

The letters and characters of the Morse alphabetare composed of groups of dots and dashes separated by silent intervals. As is well known, the dot is taken as a time unit and the normal duration of the different sige nals of the- Morse code is as flollows One time unit for a dot, three units for a dash, one

unit for the silent period separating two sigmay nals of the same letter, three -units forthe silent period between letters of the same word, and five units for the silent period separating two words.

The distant controlled receiver forming the' object of the present invention, operates under the control of these dots and dashes for controlling a typewriter in such a manner that the characters and punctuation received in the form of dot-s and'dashes are.

printed by the typewriter in their usual graphical form.

Thedistant controlled typewriter may bey controlled over wires or by means ofwireless telegraphy.

In the first case,

ceiving stations, the latter comprising -the distant controlled typewriter. This circuit be composed of a single wire with ground return path as is customary in telegra hy. n the second case, of a wireless telegraphic station may d1- rectly actuate a controlling relay. of the distant controlled typewritenj reception of messages transmitted at high speed and received by means of an arrangement comprising a phonograph or. -any other registering device; when the message 1s read, the phonograph record may actuate a microphonic relay which in turn actua-tes the controlling relay of the distant controlled typewriter. l, A

'group representing e. g. by their duration and -cial printing system or a typewriter (over wires) a single cir,-y cuit 1s needed between the sending and re-'` the .receiving apparatusy In case of the The typewriter responds to electrical signals of diierent durations and separated by intervals of silenceV of various lengths. These signals and silent intervals form groups, each a, letter, a number or a of a special telegraphic punctuatlon mark code, e. g. the Morse code.

Under the control of these signals, the distant controlled typewriter actuates a speto this typeof work whereby', letters, num bers and punctuations corresponding to the groups of signals received, will be printed in their usual graphical form.

The distant controlled typewriterV com- .prises a selector and a distributor. y

The selector comprises a controlling relay which responds `'to the signals received and.

to the-control of an element adapted to measadapted ure the duration of the 'signals or the silent intervals. Through the agency of magnets this relay causes the selection of the diiferent si nals received. This selection is performe by connecting to one ole of a local source theone line correspon g to the `'nature of the signal received (dot, dash, silent intervals between letters, space words). Furthermore, the selector controls a signalling line connected to a magnet of the distributor, lhe function of this magnet regularly the-members of the switch in accordance with the reception of the signals composing one and the same letter.

- vThe distributor comprises magnets that control through the agency of suitable mechanism, the type bars of the typewriter. The

circuits of each one `of these magnets includes as many breaks as there are signals in -the groups corresponding'to the letter. These breaks are progressively closed by the mag- `magnet will operate and cause the printing the apparatus is auof the letter whereupon tomatically returned to lts normal position to receive a new letter.

The distributor comprises a goup of s lgna The velectromagnets representing purpose of these magnets is partially to close between circuits of the magnets dot and dash of aI signal immediately after the receiving of a dot or a dash constituting the preceding signal. Finally, means are provided for preventing the dot or the dash forming a signal fromactuating the magnet of the dot or the dash corresponding to the preceding signal.

One and the same character-carrier of the distance controlled typewriter may be provided with a plurality of figures.' In this case, the same electro magnet controls a plurality of letters. All the letters beginning with a dot will be obtained for a determined position of the paper with respect to characters. All the letters beginning with a dash will be obtained for a different position. The magnets dot and dash of the first signal of each letter will be utilized for correctly positioning the paper with respect to the characters.

The distant controlled typewriter is arranged in such a manner that the impulses received are transmitted directly to the magnets which they have to control. In this manner all the magnets and the elements that must operate during the time unit. act simultaneously and not successively, whereby the apparatus may be used for printing messages sent at high speed.

The same distant controlled typewriter may be used for receiving messages sent 4at dilerent speeds if certain previousadjustments are made in the elements of the selector which control the duration of the signais and the silent periods.

The invention will be better understood 'by means of the following detail description illustrating, without'limiting one embodiment of an apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention. This description is accompanied by drawings in which:

Fig. 1 shows the the apparatus.

Fig. 2 shows the locking arrangement by means of contacts for the magnets.

Fig. 3 shows a locking arrangement by means of induction for the magnets.

Fig. 4 shows a diagram of the closing of the special contacts provided in the apparatus. A

Fig. 5 shows a method of controlling the character-carriers of the typewriter.

Fig. 6 shows an arrangement for autogeneral arrangement of matically restoring the carriage of the typewriter.

Fig. 7 'shows a method for controlling the keyboard of the typewriter.

Fig. 8 shows a modification of my selector shown in Fig. 1.

In principle, the distant controlled typewriter comprises two distinct parts:

The selector and the distributor.

The function of the selector, as its name indicates, is to determine the nature of the signals received: dots, dashes, intervals between signals of one and the same letter, intervals between two consecutive letters, spaces between two words.

The distributoroperates under the control of the selector to cause the printing of the letters received.

The selector comprises a controlling relay 1, which operates in response to dots and dashes originating in the sender and controls the contacts 2 and 3,

lVhen a dot or a dash energizes the controlling relay 1, this relay will attract this armature (or its armatures) and the contacts 2 and 3 are closed in their operating position. Under these conditions, the contact 2 closes the circuit of the regulator magnet 4, the circuit being as follows: contact 2 in its operating position, conductor 7, magnet 4, and (the signs and designates the poles of a suitable source of electricity not shown in-tlie drawings from which the circuits of the apparatus are fed).

The regulator magnet 4 operates to control the duration of the signal received. For this purpose the magnet is'connected up as a vibrator. i. e. it opens its own circuit by means ot its contact 5. The regulator magnet 4 is adjusted in such a manner that it may close its contact 6 once during one time unit; i. e. dr ng the time necessary for a dot. As aresuit of this, it will close this contact 6 three .imes during the time necessary for a dash. Furthermore, the Jfrequency of the regulator magnet 4 will be variable "'1 such a manner that it may be regulated at will. Under these conditions, one and the same distant controlled typewriter may be used for receiving messages sent at different speeds. All one would have to do would be to adjust the regulator 4 prior to the sending of each message to the speed at which this message is sent. In other words, the regulator magnet 4 is an apparatus for closing its contact 6 once during the sending of a dot and three times during the sending of a dash.

The contact 6 controls the magnet of dash relay 8, the circuit of which is as follows: contact 2 in its operating condition, conductor 7, contact 6, magnet 8,

and As a result of this, as soon as a dash is received, the magnet 8 will be energized three times. In response to each envthe one shown in the drawing, it will be seen that this wheel will advance by three nected through conductor 2() and the con-y tact 3 of the controlling magnet 1 in its operating position with the -1- pole. This constitutes the control of a dash.

linmediately after this time, the controlling magnet 1 Vis no longer energized and its i contact 2 mores into the normal position whereupon the magnet 14 is energized through the following circuits: contact 2 in normal, conductor 21, magnet 1st and Magnet 111 lifts the pawls 10 and 13, and these in turn free the Wheel 11 which, under the control of its spring 11, moves backward until the projection 16encounters the abutment 15. The arrangement is now ready to select a new signal.

The selection of a dot is performed in the following manner: lVhen a signal is sent, the controlling relay 1 closes its contact 2 whereby, the dot magnet 22 is energized through the following circuits: -j-, contact 2 in its operating condition, conductor 7, y

conductor 25, contact 23 in its ,normal p osition, conduct-or 27, and Uponenergization, the magnet 22 attracts its armature and connects itself direct to -j- G through Contact 23 in its/operating condition.' '(the sign -l- Gr designates a branch taken from the -lterminal through the armature of a switching .relay 82 the function of which will be hereinafter set forth; the circuits beyond this point are so called holding circuits, i. e. circuits which when closed, maintain energized the magnets included therein.) Under these conditions, the magnet 22 will remain energized and the Contact 21 will be closed.

Two cases may now arise: The signal received may be either a dot or a dash.

In the latter case the dash magnet 8 operatcs in th above described manner and by the third time unit of the dash, the projection 15 will open the contact 17 whereby dot magnet 22 1s deenergized.

On the other hand, the magnet 22 is energized at the first time unit and the magnet 8 willnot be energized at the second time unit because a dot having been transmitted, the second time unit will be necessarily a silent period. Under these conditions, the relay 1 is no more energized and its contact 3-have been retracted, the pole is connected through contact 24 to the dot line 26. This constitutes the controlling of a dot.

For obtaining a proper functioning of the dot magnet 22, it is necessary that as soon as the magnet is energied the opening 0f its circuit by. its contact 23 be prevented. For

this purpose its contact must be of special construction and of the make-before-break type illustrated in Fig. 2. l The holding contact a engages the contact of the magnet [i and forces it out of engagement with the controlling contact c. The same result may be obtained (Fig. 3) by providing the magnet with two windings. The first of these windings is an operating winding TR which receives the impulses and the second winding isthe holding winding'GA, the circuit of which is closed by the magnet itself in respense to an impulse. This manner of closing the holding circuit before the opening of the energizing circuit, is frequently used in the circuits of the distributor. This operation is now described in detail and will later on be referred to only as the make-before-break contact.

It will be obvious from the above, that the control of a dot will take place during the first time unit of the silent period fllowing the sending of the dot. At this time the contact 2 is in its normal position and the magnet 14 energized. Ratchet 11 will therefore be returned to normal. The apparatus is now ready to receive a new signal: lA dot or a dash.

The selection of the intermediate silent time units is accomplished in the following manner: At the time of a silent period the Contact 2 closes in its normal position the circuit of the regulator magnet 28. This magnet is like the regulator magnet 4 but iS responsive to the duration of a silent period. By means of itscontact 30, the magnet closes periodically the circuit of the silence magnet 31. 1 The magnet 31 is like the dash magnet 8 but `its wheel carries five instead of threeprojections. After the third impulse, the projection 33 encounters the contact 34 whereby the -lpole is connected. withthe conductor to cause the printing of the letter. It should be remembered at this time that, the duration of the silent period separating two letters of the same Word is equal to three time units. After the fifth impulse the projection 38 closes the contact 36 through which the conductor 37 is connected with the -lpole causing the operation of the magnet controlling the spacing between words. As above stated this space is equal to tive time units.

It' an impulse is sent while contact 2 is in its operating condition, the pawl controlling magnet 32 will be energized over conductors 38 and 7 This magnet is operated and causes the wheel to return to normal. The operations of the dash magnet 8 and the silence magnet 31, are exactly alike.

vThe former is responsive to the duration of the impulses and the latter to the duration of the silent periods.

In the case of receiving signals sent out at high speed, the vibrators 4 and 28 can be replaced by an element which is permanently moving` during the receiving of a message. The movement of this element is uniform or periodic-ally uniform (rotation, vibration, pendulum movement, pulsation, etc.) and the movement is such that it permits the establishment of satisfactory contacts under the following conditions: These contacts must be made periodically; the duration of the period thus determined is different from that of the time unit; and finally, the number of possible closures of the contacts corresponding to the durations of one, three and five time units must be respectivelyv distinct.

`for example, in Fig. 8 a Wheel 39 may be 'provided which is driven by a small motor, and started prior to the sending of the message. This wheel will continually rotate and carries projections which periodically close the contact 6 and 30 which replace, respectively, the contacts 6 and 30 in l? l.

As a practical embodiment of the above stated conditions, the projections of the wheel 3S) may be arranged in a manner to close the contacts during one third of the time and to open them at intervals also equal to one third of the time. By tracing the current representing the closures of contacts 6 and 30 in function of time units (Fig. 4) it will be seen that during the time A B taken up by a dot, the Wheel 39 can make two contacts at the most, Whereas always more than two and at less than siX makes occur during a dash A-C, and at least during the silent period of five time.

units A*D. As a result of this, the wheel of the silence controlling magnet 3l must carry six instead of five teeth whereby it will not be affected by the 5th contact which might be made during the third time unit. It will not be necessary to modify the number of the teeth on the Wheel l1.

A n examination of the graphical illustratlon in Fig. 4 will also show that under these conditions a certain latitude is left m the coincidence of the time units and the contacts of the wheel 39. This latitude 1s such that the speed of the Wheel may without trouble vary appreciably during a receiving without distorting the message received, and inversely, the actual speed of sending signals may be varied to a certain extent with respect to the normal speed.

The above described adjustment merely illustrates one embodiment of the invention. Numerous modifications or similar solution are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

As stated with respect to the vibrating regulators, the arrangement comprising the wheel 39 may be used for receiving messages sent at different speeds. It will suffice for this, that the speed of rotation of the Wheel 39 be suitably regulated in regard to tlie speed of sending.

The selector also controls the circuit of the signal line 0. This line must be traversed by current during the first time unit of a signal. For this purpose the contact 3 in its operating position connects the -ipole through conductor 20 and the Contact 18 with the signal line O0. This line is connected to the magnet of a switch provided for causing the regular advancing of the elements of the switch in accordance with the reception by the selector of the impulses constitutingl one andthe same letter. The signal line 0 must be opened when the dot line 26 or the dash line l5) is traversed by current. In the first case the contact 3 is already out of its operating position and in the second case the contact 1S has already left its normal position.

The distributor comprises three groups of different circuits: the groups of circuits appertaining to the letter' magnets, the group of circuits appertaining to the signal magnets and the group of circuits of the dot and dash magnets.

As will be hereinafter set forth more in detail, the letter magnets directly control the keys of the typewriter, one magnet being provided for each letter. These magnets are controlled through the agency of the dot and dash magnets in the following manner:

The circuits of all the letter magnets have breaks in their circuits, the number of these breaks being equal to the number of the signals corresponding to their respective letters. The magnets of the letter L, for instance, is controlled by four breaks: The function of the dot and dash magnet is progressively to close these breaks in accordance with the selection of the signals of a letter by the selector.

Upon the first signal, the dot magnet 40v or the dash magnet 44 is energized depending Whether the letter sent begins with a dot or a dash. The dot magnet 40 is closed through its contact 41 the first break in the circuits of all the magnets representing letters having as 'their first signal a dot. If the dash magnet 44 is the one that operates, it will close in its contact 46 the first break in the circuit of all magnets representing letters having as their first signal a dash.

Then the second signal arrives, the dot llO magnet 48 closes its contacts 49 and 50, the i second break in the circuit of all the letter magnets that have as their second sign a dot. 0n the other hand if the dash magnet 53 operates, it will close its contacts 54 and 55 constituting the second break of the circuits of all the magnets representing letters the second signal of which is a dash.

When the third signal arrives, the dot 65 closes in its contacts 66, 67, 68-and 69 the j athird break inthe circuits of all the magnets representing letters having,as their third signal a dash. Finally, when the fourth signal arrives the dot magnet 72 closes in its contact 73 the fourth break in the circuitsof all the magnets representing letters the fourth signal of which is a dot, or the dash magnet 76 closes its contact 77 the fourth break in the circuits of all the magnets representing letters the fourth signal of which is a dash.v

It will be seen from the above description that when the letter sent out comprises four signals, after the action of thek fourth signal, the letter magnet corresponding thereto is actuated because all of its breaks are closed. ThisA magnet is connected on one hand with the pole 1 of the current source and on the other hand with the letter. line 80. The silent period following the sending of the letter will have a duration of three time units whereby, the silence magnet 3l of. the selector will operate and its projection 33 will close the contact 34 during the third time unit. The letter line 80 will thus be connected through the contact '34 with the pole -1- 1 of the source and the letter magnet corresponding to the letter transmitted will cause the printing of this letter.

In order to insure'the actual printing of the Letter, it is necessary to maintain the circuits closed until the printing takes place. Thez details of this will be explained ,hereinafter. All the dot and dash magnets of the distributor are provided with make-before-break holdin means connecting them directly with-+ as soon as 'the first impulse is received. o

)Vhen printing the letter, the barcarrying the character closes the contact 81 whereupon the magnet 82 is energized .and opens its contact 83. G` is now 'disconnected from the poleof the battery and all the .magnets that were -locked up become deenergized. The apparatus is now ready to be controlled by another letter. Y

With respect to the letters composed of less than four. signals, the breaks in the circuits of the magnets representing these letters are controlled in the sam'eam'anner as the breaks in the circuits of the magnets representing letters composed of four signals. However, whenv a signal varrives immediately after the sending of their last signal` one'magnet operates and 'se-vers Aagain their circuit from the letter line 8 0 as will:

` be hereinafter set forth. Q l

.f In order to facilitate the explanation of the above, a few ,examples will be given.

ya dot is received, the dot line is connected Let or assume that the printing Aof the lettersM and L is desired.

The printing of the letter L will cause the energization of the magnets 40, 53,

58 and 72. The closed circuit of the magnetl 'lo representing the letter L is as follows: 1, contact 34 of the space selector, line 80, conductor 84, contact 7 3, magnet L, conductor 85, contact 60, conductors 86 and 87, contact 54, conductors 88- and 89, contact 41, conductor 90 and 1.

The letter M will cause the energization Vof the magnets 44 and 53, whereupon a circuit is closed for the magnet representi'nv the letter M as follows: 1, contact 34,*-lineA 80, conductors 98 and 99, contact 100 in normal, conductor 101, magnetl M, conductor 102, conductor 95, contact 55,

conductor 96, contact 46, conducto`r97, and 1. If the letter transmitted comprises more than two' signals, the contact 100 will be open when the third signal is sent opening the circuit of the magnet M.

It will Tbe seen, therefore, that -when the signals representing a letter are received, onlythe circuit of the magnet representing this letter may be completely closed.

The spacing magnet acts directly on the spacing key of the typewriter and is controlled by the contact 36 of the silence relay 31 of the selector.

The dot and dash magnets of the distributor are progressively actuated in"ac coi-dance with the signals received under the control of a combination of signal magnets operating in the following manner:

All the dot magnets of the distributor (40, 48, 58 and 72) are connected with the dot line through make-before-break contacts (43, 52,

64 and 75). All` the dash magnets of che ldistributor (44, 53, 65 and 76) are connected to the dash line through makebefore-break contacts (45, 57, 71 and '79). As stated `with reference to the selector, when with the '-ipole, and when a dash is received, the dash line is connected with the pole. Normally, the dot magnet 40 and the'dash magnet 44 corresponding to the first signal are connected to the through the winding of magnet 107 in series, and tle other dot and dash magnets are disconnected from the pole. When the first signal arrives and causes the venergization of magnet 40er 44, the magnet 107 will be energized and connects through its contact 108 anrl conductor 109 the magnet 110 with the pole. i

The magnet 110 may be connected'with the pole through conductors 113, 114 and the contact '115 when magnet 116 is energized. However, this energi'zation cannot take place simultaneously with the energization of the magnet 40 or 44 and 107 because, as stated 'with referenceA to the Selector, the dot line i. 1w

supplied with current by keeping the contact 3 in its normal condition, and the dash line is supplied with current through the Contact 18 in its operating condition. The signal line over which the magnet 116 is controlled is, therefore, without current, and this magnet cannot operate.

Upon arrival of the signal, the dot magnet 40 provided with a make-before-break contact 43, or the dash magnet 44 similarly provided with a make-before-break contact 45, is locked up to G, and remains energized together with the magnet 107 even when the dot or dash line is deprived of current. During the iirst time unit of the next signal, the signal magnet 116 will be energized and closes through its contact 115 the energizing circuit of themagnet 110.

The magnet 110 is also provided with make-before-break contacts and looks up to -l- G. Through its contact 111, this magnet connects the pole to the dot magnet 48 and the dash magnet 53 of the second signal.

This pole is connected through the winding of magnet 117, but these magnets do not become energized until the second signal is transmitted to the distributor.

When the second signal is transmitted, the magnet 116 is no more energized. The magnet 48 or 53 as well as the magnet 117 are energized. The magnet 117 opens its con' tact 104 the connections existing between the letter line 8O and the magnets representing the letters formed, by a single signal.

Through its contact 118, the magnet 117 prepares the circuit of magnet 119. After the second signal, the magnet 116 will operate in the above described manner. The magnet 119 becomes energized and connects the pole through the winding of magnet 122 through its contact 120 to the dot magnetl; 58 and dash magnet 65 of the third signa Upon the sending of the third signal, the magnet 58 or magnet 65 is energized. The magnet 122 is also energized and severs throughlOO the circuit of the ma'gnets representing the letters formed by two signals. Furthermore, this magnet 122 prepares the circuit of magnet 123 in contact 121. Upon the interruption of the third signal, the magnet 116 operates and causes in turn the energization of magnet 123. Magnet 1234 connects through its contact 124 the -lpole through the winding of magnet 125 to the dot magnet 72 and the dash magnet 76.

Upon the sending of the fourth signal, the magnet 72 or magnet 76 will be energized. The magnet 125 will also be energized and will open in its contact 126 the circuit of the magnet-s representingletters formed by three signals.

It will be seen from the above that, the

control ofthe signals is progressively transfourth signal only afterl the registration of the third signal.

If the first signal is a dot, the magnet 40 operates and opens in 42 the circuit ot' dash magnet 44. On the other` hand, if the iirst .signal is a dash, the magnet 44 operates and opens in 47 'the vcircuit of dot magnet 40. In the same manner, the second signal causes the operation of magnet 48 to open in 51 the circuit of magnet 53. Or else, the magnet 53 operates and opens in 56 the circuit of magnet 48,v This holds good also for the dot and dash magnets of the third and fourth signals. The purpose of this arrangement is to prevent the energization of the magnets the circuits of which were opened in response to the signalsreceived. Such energization can be caused by the action of the signals in accordance with the signal or signals received.

A typewriter may be controlled by the distant controlled typewriter in two different ways:

Directly (Fig. 5) in which case the letter magnets a operate directly the bars carrying the characters '6, in the neighborhood ot' the joint c of these bars or by any other system of transmission.

Indirectly (Fig. 7) in which the letter magnets a control hammers b, andthese hammers actuate the keyboard c. Tn this case, no special typewriter need be provided for a distant controlled typewriter. The keyboard is operated in the `manner as that used for actuating pianos by means of an automatic system. The advantage of this arrangement is that the apparatus can be adapted to any type of typewriter the keyboard of which corresponds to that of the distant controlled typewriter.

No matter which method is used for operating the typewriter, a. special arrangement is provided for causing the uniform advancing offthe paper during the printing of the letters, The following or `any other equivalent arrangement may be used for this purpose: l

1. The paper may be in the form of a ribbon. The carriage of the typewriter is not displaced laterally. The paper is advanced after the printing of each letter under the control of the mechanism that is usually employed for displacing the carriage. This mechanism actuates an unrolling mechanism like the one used for unrolling the paper ribbon in the Morse apparatus. The arrangement is so adjusted that, in response to each impression the paper ribbon is advanced by the space of one letter. e

2. The paper and the usual movable carriage with respect tothe shaft of the typeriage of the typewriter may .be retained. In this case, the carriage actuated at the end of its course a contact in the circuit of a magnet by means of which the carriage is returned to normal. This magnet controls also the rotation of the platen corresponding to the line changing movement. An arrangement like the one shown in Fig. 6 may be used:

'llie carriage a is connected at a point b with a belt c rotating around two loose pulleysy d and e. During the printing the l;elt will follow' the movement of the carriage in the direction of the arrow F. Special means are provided whereby, upon the end of its movement, the carriage causes the clutching of the pulley e on a shaft which is driven by a small motor either directly or through suitable reduction. The carriage will be moved oppositely 'in the direction of the arrow G until it reaches its starting position.

The carriage opens the circuit of the motor and the clutch is disconnected shortly before the arrival of the carriage to its starting point. The` circuit of the motor is closed shortly before the carriage reaches the end of its course. In this manner, the

motorwill be operating at full speed whenl the clutch is actuated.

The advantage of the second method of advancing the paper consists in its ready adaptability to usual typewriters. It completes the arrangement for operating the keyboard of a usual typewriter by means of the distant controlled typewriter and through the agency of hammers.

The above given general description contains no reference to numerals and punctuation marks. These omissions were made for the sake df clarity. It will be readily seen that the numerals of the Morse code havingu live characters may be printed by using a fifth set of signal magnets in the distributor. However, this is not absolutely necessary. As well known, in most typewriters the same key of the keyboard controls two and sometimes three .diiferent letters or numerals. One or the other of these letters is printed by actuating a shift key to displace the carbars or viceversa. The same result may be .obtained in the distant controlled typewriter by controlling its shaft keys in re- -sponse to a group-of four Morse signals.

This group will bev diierent fromthe one used for tlieletters, e. g. group The dot and dash magnets (40, 44) in the distributor corresponding to the first signal may be used for causin the shifting of the carriage. The same etter magnet "may be' used for two letters which differ from each other only in their first signal. The carriage will have a: definite position for allthe letters beginning with a dot and a different position for all thel letters beginning with a dash.

The contacts 47, 49,55, 59, 61, 67, 69, magnets N, D, B, X, M,.Gr, Z, Q, O, K, Y', C and the connections therebetween, comprising one set of contacts, magnets and connections on the second, third and fourth signals need not be used in this case. That is, magnets N and I, A ,and M, Gr and R, D and' S, Z and L,KB and H, C and F, and Y, V and X, and Q, U andK and W and O may be combined and operate a single key having both characters.

Numerous modifications of this character, as well as modifications inthe circuit details ma7 be etfected in adapting the distant contro led typewriter to different typewriter keyboards in use' without departing the spirit of the-invention.

Having described my invention, what I from vclaim is:

l. In printing telegraphy a selector comof connections cooperating with the `interrupters and means for selectively energizing said connections in accordance with the number of interruptions.

3. In printing telegraphy, a selector comprising the combination with means responsive to telegraphic signals of a source of current, a ,relay cooperating with said means connected toisaid source, said selector also lcomprising, timedl liiiterri'iptingfme'ans cooperating withthe relay, ratchet mechanism operated by the interruptions of said relay, a plurality of lines and means for selectively connectingsaid lines to a point of the current source in response to the movements of the ratchet mechanism.

4.. In printing-telegraphy, a selector coinprising the combination with means responsive to telegraphid signals of a source of current, a relaycooperating with said means and connected to said source, timed interruptingmeans cooperating with the relay,

by the interruptions of said relay, a pluratchet mechanism adapted to be operated rality of lines, means for selectively connecting said lines to a point of the current source in response to the movements of the ratchet mechanism and means for closing one of the lines through the source when the relay is cle-energized.

5. In printing telegraphy, a selector comprising the combination with means responsive to telegraphic signals .of a source of current', a relay cooperating with said means and connected to said source, timed interrupting means cooperating With the relay, ratchet mechanism adapted to be operated by the interruptions ot said relay, a plurality of lines, means for selectively connecting said lines to a point of th-e current source in response to the movements of the ratchet mechanism, a distributor connected to said lines and means for closing the source through the distributor when the relay is de-energized.

G. In printing telegraphy, a select-or comprising means responsive to telegraphic signals, a source ot current, a relay cooperating with said' means and connected to said source, timed interrupting means cooperating With the relay, ratchet mechanism arranged to be operated by the interruptions of said relay, means for returning the ratchet mechanism, a plurality ot lines and means for selectively connecting said lines toa point of the current source in response to the movements of the ratchet mechanism.

7. In a selectorfor printing telegraphy, the combination with means responsive for telegraphic signals of a source of current., means for selecting` marking periods and means fpr selecting spacing periods, each comprising a relay cooperating with said first mentioned means and connected to said source, timed interrupting means cooperating with the relay, ratchet mechanism operated by the interruptions of said relay, a plurality of lines and means for selectively connecting said lines to a point of the current source in response to the movements of the ratchet mechanism.

8. In a selector forY printing telegraphy, the combination With means responsive to telegraphic signals of a source of current, means for selecting marking periods and means for selecting spacing periods, each comprising-a relay cooperating with said, first -mentioned means connected to said source, timed interrupting means cooperating with the relay, ratchet mechanism o er- ,ated by the interruptions of saidjT ie ay, means for returning the ratchet mechanism, a plurality of lines vand means for selectively connecting said lines to a point of the current source in response to the movements of r the ratchet mechanism, each of said ratchet returning lmeans v being cooperatively associated with the relay tor operating the other v ratchet. 9.,?[11 printing telegraphy, the combination with a selector of means responsive to telegraphic signals. a source of current, a relay cooperating with said means and connected to said source, timed interrupting means cooperating with the relay, ratchet mechanism operated by the interruptions from said relay, a pair ot' lines, a contact connected to one of the lines cooperating with said relay having holding means, means for energizing said contact When the marking period is oli, means cooperating with the ratchet for releasing the holding means and means for energizing said contact when the marking period is oli', means cooperating with the ratchet for releasing the holding means and means for energizing the other line in response to the movements of the ratchet mechanism.

l0. In rinting telegraphy, means responsive to te egraphic signals, a source of current, a relay cooperating with said means and connected to said source, timed interrupting means cooperating with the relay, ratchet mechanism operated by the interrupl-:tions of said relay, a pair of lines, a magnet connected to one of said lines for actuating the character and a second magnet con` nected to the other line for actuating a spacer.

ll. In printing telegraphy, means responsive to the spacing periods intermediate to the marking periods of the telegraphic signal, a source of current, a relay cooperating with said means and connected to said source, timed interrupting means cooperating with the relay, ratchet mechanismoperated by the interruptions of said relay, a pair of lines, a magnet connected to one of said lines for actuating the character and a second magnet connected to the other line for actuating a spacer. c

l2. In a selector for printing telegraphy, the combination of means responsive to the spacing periods between the marking periods of the telegraphic signal, a source of current,

' a relay cooperating with said means and connected to said source, tuned interrupting means cooperated With the relay ratchet, ratchet 'mechanism operated b the interruptions of said relay, a pair of ines, a magnet' connected to one of said lines for actuating the character, a second magnet connected to the other'line for actuating a spacer and means for returning the ratchet mechanism in response to marking periods.

13. In printing telegraphy, the combination with a selector having a plurality of output lines corresponding to marking and spacing periods of different duration, a current source and a distributor comprising relays cooperating With the lines corresponding to the marking periods, a magnet cooperating With each relay for printing the character-beginnin with a marking period co1'- responding to t at of the relay, said magnets Vspoil' rent source and a distributor com rising a relay cooperating with each of the ines crresponding to the marking periods, a magnet adapted to be connecte to a point of the current source for printing the character bel 'nning with a marking period correspondlng to that of the relay, said magnets being connected to an out ut line corres to a spacing perio of certain through the current source.

. uration 15. In printing telegra'phy, the combina tion with a selector havlng/a plurality of output lines corresponding to marking and spacing periods of-different duration, a current source and Ya distributor com rising a relay cooperating with each of the lines corresponding to the vmarking periods, a. magnet adapted to be connected to a point of the current source for printing the character beginning with a marking period correspondmg to that of the relay, said magnets being connected to an out ut line corresponding to a spacing peri of certain duration t rough the current source and the magnet for operating aspacer connected to spacer perio of another duration.

16. In printing telegraph the combination with a current source o a selector having a dotline, a dash line, and a line corre- "another outmt line 'corresponding to a sponding to the spacing between letters, a

a pair of..relays codistributor comprisin operating with the ot line and the dash line, a'. contact adapted to be connected to the source by one of said relays, a magnet .for printing a character connected to one of the relays and to the third mentioned line, and a switch connected between the third mentioned line and thev-source adapted to close i Y the magnet circuit.

. sponding 'to the spacing 17. In printing telegraphy, the combination with a current source of a selector 'having a dot line, a dash line and "a line correbetween letters, a

distributor comprlsing relays cooperating with thef'dot lineand the dash line, a pair of contacts adapted to be connected tothe source by lsaid' relays, a magnet connected tol each of said relays for printing ,a pai'rpf characters, a switching'means connecte to the third mentioned the magnet circuit.

18. In printing telegraph the combination with a current source o a selector havwith the dot line and the dash line,'a contact nding ne adapted. to close adapted to be connected to the source by one i 19; In printing telegraphy, the combination with a current source of a selector having a dot line, a dash line, and a line corresponding to the spacing between letters, a distributor comprising relays cooperating with the dot line and the dash line, a pair of contacts adapted to be connected to the source by said relays, holding means lfor-- said contacts, a magnet connectedto each of said relays for. printing a pair of characters, and switching means connected to the third mentioned line, adapted to close the magnet circuit. K

20, In printing telegraph the combination with a current source o a selector hav.- ing a dot line, a dash line, and aline correponding to the spacing between letters, a.

lstributor comprisin a pair of relays, cooperating with the ot v.line and the dash line, a contact adapted to be `connected to the source by one of said relays, a magnet 'for print-ing a character connected to one yof said relays and to the third mentioned line, and a relayv having contacts for opening a connection between the third mentioned llne and the magnet at the beginning of another dot or. dash. Y

21. In printing telegraphy, the combination with a current source of a selector having a dot line, a ydash line and a line corresponding to the spacing between letters, a distributor, comprising a pair of relays, cooperating with the dot line and the dash line, a contact adapted to be connected to the source by one of said relays, a magnet Nfor printing a character connected to one of saidrelays andto the third mentioned line,

adapted to close the `magnet circuit.

Y 22. In printingv telegraph the combinai tion with a'current sourceto a selector having a dot line,a dash line, and a line corresponding to the spacing between letters, a

distributor comprising a pairvofrelays cooperating between the dot line and the dash line, a contact adapted tobe connected /to the source by one of said relays, a magnet for printing a characterconnected to one of the dot and dash lines, a' secon contact adapted to be connected to the first contact by one of the second pair-of relays, a second 1x25 the relays and to the third mentioned line, a second pair of relayscooperatm' between y magnet for printing a character connected sponding to the spacing between letters, a

distributor comprising a pair of relays cooperating between the dot line and the dash line, a contact adapted to be connected to the source by one of said relays, a magnet for printing a character, connected to one of the relays and to the third mentioned line, a's'econd pair of relays cooperating between the dot and dash lines, a second contact adapted to be connected to the first contact by one of the second pair of relays, a second magnet for printing a character connected to one of the second pair of relays and to the third mentioned line, a relay having contacts for opening the'connecti'on between the third mentioned line and the first magnet at the beginning of another dot or dash,

and a switch connected between the third mentioned line and the source, adapted to close one of the magnet circuits.

2e. /In printing telegraphyV the combination with a current source of a selector having a dot line, a dash line, and a line corresponding to the spacing between letters, a distributor comprising a pair of relays cooperatingibetween the dot line and the dash line, a contact adapted to beconnected to the source by one of said relays, a magnet for printing a character, connected to oney of the relays and to the third mentioned line, a second pair of relays cooperating between the dot and dash lines, a second contact adapted to be connected to the first contact by one of the second pair of relays, a second magnet for printing a character connected to one of the second pair of relays and to the third mentioned line, holding means for each of said contacts, and a relay having contacts for opening the connection between the third mentioned line and the first mavnet at the beginning of another dot or das i. `2.5. In printing telegraph .the combination with a currentsource o a selector having a dot line, a da' h line, and a line corresponding to `the spacing between letters, a

distributor comprising a pair of relays cooperating between the dot line and theldash line, a contact adapted to be connected to the source by one of'said relays, a magnet for printing a character, connected to one of the relays and -to the third mentioned line, a secondv pair of relays cooperating between the dot and dash lines, a second contact adapted to be connected tothe first contact by one ofthe second pair of relays, a secondmagnet for printing a character connected to one of the second pair of relays and to the third mentioned line, a relay having contacts for opening the connection between the third mentioned line and the first magnet at the beginning of another dot or dash, and a second relay having contacts for opening the connection between the third mentioned line and the second magnet at thebeginning of a further dot or dash.

26. In printing telegraphy the combination with a current source of a selector having a dot iine, a dash line, and a line corresponding to the spacing between letters, a distributor comprising a pair of relays cooperating between the dot line and the dash line, a contact adapted to be connected to the source by one of said relays, a magnetfor printing a character, connected to one of the relays and to the third mentioned line, a second pair of relays cooperating between the dot and dash lines, a second contact adapted to be connected to the first contact by one of the second pair of relays, `a second magnet for printing a character connected to one of the second pair of relays and to the third mentioned line, a relay having contacts for opening the connection between the third mentioned line land the first magnet at the beginning of another dot or dash, a second relay having contacts for opening the connection between the third mentioned line and the second magnet at the beginning of a further dot or dash, and a switch connected to the third mentioned line and the source adapted to close one of the magnet circuits.

27. In printing telegraphy the combination with a current source of a selector having a dot line, a dash line, andy a line corresponding to the spacing between letters, a distributor comprising a pair of relays cooperating with the dot line and the dash line,

a contact adapted to be connected to the source by one of said relays, a second pair of relays cooperating with the dot line and the dash line, and a second contact adapted to be connected to the source through the first contact, a plurality of magnets connected to said relays and to the third mentioned line, for printing characters, and a vswitch connected between the third mentioned line and the source, adapted to close the magnet circuit.

28. In printing telegraphy the combination with a current source of a selectorhaving a dot line, a dash line, and a line corresponding to the spacing between letters, a distributor comprising a plurality of pairs .of rela-ys cooperating witlrthe dot line and the dash line, a contact cooperating with the relays of each pair, adapted to be connected to the source, a plurality of magnets for printing characters, connected to said relays and to the third mentioned line, and a relay having contacts, forwopenin the connection between the third mentions line andcertain magnets at the beginning of another dot or das 29. In printing telegraphy theV combination with a current s'ource of a selector having a dot line, a dash line, and a line corresponding to the spacingbetween letters, and

a fourth line `corres onding to thespacing between words,` al distributor comprisin pair of relays cooperating with the dot ine and the dash line, a contact adapted to be connected to the source by one of said relays, a magnet ffor printing a character connected to one of the relays and to the thirdmentioned line, a switch connected between the `third mentioned line and the source, adapted to close the klvmagnet circuit, anda second magnet for operating a spacer connected to the fourth line.

30, In printing telegraphy, the@ combination with a kcurrent source of a selector hav'- `ing lines corresponding to dots, dashes, and

to `spaces between characters, a distributor comprising a plurality `of pairs of relays, each of said pairs cooperating with the dot and dash lines, the first relays of said .pairs having a contact adapted to be connected to said source, contacts cooperating with each pair of relays, adapted to be connected in series with the first contact, magnets associated with each pair of relays lfor printing characters, said ma ets being connected to the space-betweenaracters line, and means for opening certain ofthe last mentioned connections@ 31. In printing telegraphy, the combination with a 'current source of a Selector hav-,

ing lines corresponding'to dots, dashes, and to spaces between characters, a distributor comprising a plurality of pairs of rela s, each of said pairs cooperating with,` the ciot and dash lines, the first relays of said pairs,

having a contact adapted to be connectedfto said source, contacts cooperating with each pair `of relays, adapted to Abe connected in series with the-'first contact, magnets associated with each pair of relays for printing "characters, said ma ets being connected to pair of relays, adapted Ato be connected in` series with v.the first contact, holdingv means,

with' t 'with each pair of relays for printin characfor said relay contacts, magnetsassociated with each pair of relays for printing characters, said magnets being connected to the space-between-characters line, means for 4opening certain of the lastmentioned con-V nections, and a switch connected between the third mentioned line and the source, adapte to close one of the magnet circuits.

Lia;

33.` In printing telegraph he combina-- tion with 'a current source o a selector having lines corresponding to dots, "dashes, `and to spaces between characters, andy spaces between words, a distributor com rising a plurality of pairs of relays, eac

of said pairscooperating with the dot and dash@ lines, the first relays of said pairs having a contact vadapted to be connected to said source, contacts cooperating with each pair of rela s, 'adapted to be connected in series iie first contact, magnets associated ters, said magnets being connecte to the space-between-characters line, means for opening certain of the last mentioned connections, and a switch connected between the third mentioned line and the source, adapted to close one of the magnet circuits, and a magnet for opera-tin said spacer.

34. In printing te egraphy, the combina' tion with a current source of a selector naving lines corresponding to dots, dashes, and

-to spaces between characters, a d istributor com'prising'a plurality of pairs of rela s, eac'hof said pairs cooperating with the ot and dash lines, the first relays of said pairs said source, contacts cooperating with each 10o .havinga contact adapted to be connected to I' pair of relays, adapted to connect said contacts in series with the first contact, a typewriter having magnets associated to the keys cooperating with 'the relays, for printing characters, said vmagnets being connected with the spaces-between-characters line,and

means for opening certainv of the last mentioned connections.- f

los

35. In printing telegraphy, the combination with a current sourcef of a selector having lines corresponding to dots, dashes, and

spaces between characters, a distributor coiIiprising a plurality of pairs of relays, each of. said pairs cooperating with the dot andA dash lines, a typewriter having a shift key associated with the first .pair of relays, a contact associated with the first pair vof relays and adapted to be connected to said source, contacts cooperating with each of the otherl pair of relays adapted to be connected to said first contact,in series', mag'- nets for operating the typewriter keys associated with each air of relays for printing,

characters, said c aracter printing'magnets -bein connected tothe space-between-chara'cters ine, and means for opening certain of the last mentioned connections.

A36. -In printing te1egraphy,the combina-I tion of a source of telegraphic signals, a selector having lines responsive to dots, dashes and to spaces between letters, and a distributor cooperating with the selector, having a number of sets of relays responsive to dots and dashes, said number being equal to the maximum number of marking periods comprising the charactersv and a printing device cooperating with said relays and said space between letters line.

37. A selecting device comprising means responsive to impulses ot comparatively short duration, means responsive to impulses of comparatively long duration, means responsive to space periods of comparatively short duration, means responsive to space periods of comparatively long duration and control circuits associated with each of said means. Y

38. The combination with a signal responsive means of means responsive to impulses of comparatively short duration, means responsive to impulses of comparatively long duration, means responsive to space periods of comparatively short duration, means responsive to space periods of comparatively long duration and control circuits asssociated with each of said means.

39. The combination with the plurality of first electrical means comprising units responsive to signal impulses of comparatively short duration and a second elcctrical means comprising units responsive to signal impulses or" comparatively long duration of a plurality of electrical means responsive to the separate or combined action of the units of said rst and second means.

40. The combination with a irst means comprising unitsresponsive to signal impulses of comparatively short duration and a second means comprising units responsive to signal impulses of comparatively long duration of a plurality of means selectively responsive to the separate or combined actionof the units of said first and second means.

4l. The combination with a irst set of circuits comprising relays responsive to comparatively short impulse signals and a. second set of circuits comprising relays responsiveto long impulse signals of a plurality of relays responsive to the separate or combined actuation of said short and long impulse relays. Y

42. The combination with a first set of electrical circuits responsive to short signal impulses and a'second set of electrical circuits responsive to long signal impulses, each set having as many circuits as the maximum number of impulses in any one character of a plurality of electrical devices responsive to the separate or combined energization of the circuits in said sets.

43. The combination with a first set of circuits comprising relays responsive to short signal impulses and a second set of circuits comprising relays responsive to long signal impulses, each set having as many relays as the maximum number of impulses in any one character of a plurality of printing mechanisms comprising printing magnets responsive to lthe separate or combined actuation of said relays.

44. The combination with first means responsive to signal impulses of comparatively short duration and second means responsive to signal impulses of comparatively long duration, of means whereby the actuation of said first means prevents the actua- Y tion of said second means and the actuation otsaid second means preventsthe actuation ot' said first means.

45. The combination with a circuit comprising a short signal impulse'relay and another circuit comprising a long signal impulse relay of means for preventing the energization of the said short impulse relay upon the actuation of' said long impulse relay or preventing the energization of said long impulse, relay upon the actuation of said-short impulse relay.

46. The combination with a plurality of circuits each comprising a short signal impulse relay of means for preventing the energization of said relays in other than a pre-y determined sequence.

47. The combination with a plurality of circuits comprising relays responsive to signal impulses of means responsive to an introductory impulse for preventing the energization of the said relays in other than a predetermined sequence.

48. The combination with a iirst set of electrical devices responsive to short signal impulses, a second set of electrical devices responsive to long signal impulses and a plurality of printing magnets with their associated circuits prepared for energization by the combined or separate actuation of said devices, of means responsive to the silent period between characters for 'energizing said printing magnets.

' '49'. The combination with l'a first set of electrical devices responsive to short signal impulses, a second set of electrical devices responsive to longsignal impulses and a plurality of printing magnets with their asi sociated circuits prepared for energization by the combined or separate actuation of said devices, of means Vresponsive to the silent period between characters for energizing said printing magnets and to the silent period between groups of characters for actuating a spacing means.V

50. In combination a first set of electrical devices responsive to dots a second set of electrical devices responsive to dashesf means responsive to silent periods between impulses for preparing certain of the electrical devices ln'each set for operation 1n a memos predetermined, sequence, I a plurality .ofl

printing scircuits, a plurality of printing nets in response to the silent eriod between 4characters and actuating said spacing b etween words mechanism in response to the silent eriod'between words.. f

51. u combination a plurality of elecinrical circuits, each comprising a relay respon-` sive to signal impulses, a relay in one of said circuits energized upon the energization of one of saidsignal responsive relays, a circuit comprising a pre aratory relay repared for Aenergization by e actuation o said relay, v

means responsive to the following signal im pulse for energizing and actuating said preparatory relay, the actuation of Isaid. preparatory relay energizing and actuating the other of said si al impulse relays.

52. The com ination with ya selecting device comprising,l meansv responsive to' slgnal impulses and to space periods of different duration between said impulses of a character impressing device comprisingfmeans responsive to certain' ofthe space periods for impressing characters and meansresponsive between groups of characters.-l

llouls Lucuau :com cmuvuu.

4to, other silent periods for interposing spaces

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