US1577167A - Exhaust-pipe nozzle for locomotives - Google Patents

Description

March 16 1926.

E. BLUME EXHAUST PIPE NOZZLE FOR LOCOMOTIVES 2 Sheets-Sheet E. BLUME EXHAUST PIPE NOZZLE FOR LOCOMOTIVES v March 16 1926.

Filed Nov. 5, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Mar. 16 1926.

- UNITED .s r rrs 1,577,167 PATENT OFFICE. 7

' I EMILE BLUME, OF I-IARBURG-ON-ELBE, GERMANY.

EXHAUST-PIPE NOZZLE FOR LOCOMOTIVES. i

Applicationhfi led November 3, 1925 7 Serial No. 66,568. Y

10 =This invention relates to exhaust pipe nozzles for locomotives and other similar engines wherein the exhaust steamis utilized when required for promotinga draught 1n the chimney or smoke-stack of the engine in 'orderto increase the intensity of the action of the furnace and consequently the steam production of the boiler. The object ofthe said invention is to enable the reinforcement of the chimney draught by the exhaust steam to be regulated over a range between zero and the -1TlEtXlH1l1II1 efficiency obtainable, and thus to adaptthe production of steam to the actual steamrequirement of the engine, and consequently to the engine 2 efiiciency.

Arrangements for varying the action of theexhaust pipe nozzle are known, which in one form enable the entire exhaust flow to be i conducted either into the chimney, or into the open air; and in another form the exhaust issuing from one engine cylinder is conducted through the exhaust pipe nozzle into the chimney, while the exhaust issuing from the other engine cylinder is conducted through a separate pipe into the open air, or alternatively both exhausts can be allowed to pass through the exhaust pipe nozzle into the chimney. The first arrangement therefore only admits of the maximum exhaust pipe inducing action or prevents all such action entirely. The latter arrangement, on

According to this invention means are provided for controllingthe admission'of exhaust steam to the chimney whereby such exhaust steam can at will be entirely passed into the chimney, entirely diverted therefrom, or admitted therein to anyintermediate extent, the cross-sectional area of. the orifices through which the exhaust steam passes being in all positions equivalent to the cross-sectional area of the exhaust pipe 5 or pipes so that no throttling of the exhaust steam takes place.

In an embodiment of the invention, an annular nozzle-shaped exhaust pipe header is provided with an incorporated regulating valve, which in a terminal position closes the exhaust pipe sector and provides an outlet leading to a separate pipe, whilst, in the other terminal position, it opens an annular outlet to the chimney but closes the orifice leading to the separate outlet pipe. In the possible intermediate positions, both orifices are partly free, so that .a part of the engine exhaust escapes into the chimney and a part through the separate outlet pipe, in which connection the sum of the cross-sections of the orifices is so calculated, that no throttling takes place and the opening of one orifice is reduced in the measure by which that of the other is increased.

In another embodiment of the invention, the annular outlet to the chimney from the interior of the exhaust pipe header may be eliminated. The exhaust pipe, acting in the usual manner, is in such an event contained in a housing, which may be connected with the outer air by means of a separate steam outlet pipe, and, according. to the position of the regulating organ fitted in the exhaust pipe header, allows the whole of the exhaust steam to escape wherebyall fire stimulating action is discontinued, or only allows a part of the exhaust steam to escape to the atmosphere whilst the other partpasses through the exhaust pipe header, setting up at the same time the fire stimulating draught, or finally the outlet tothe atmosphere is absolutely shut off, so that the entire exhaust escapes through the'exhaust pipe header into the chimney. Further the principle of the invention may, also be carried out by connecting a separate steam outlet pipe to each of the exhaust pipes coming from the steam cylinders and meeting in the exhaust pipe header,and by introducing throttle valves at the point where the steam outlet pipes are united with the exhaust pipes, which valves each allow one of the two pipes to be shut off towards the exhaust opening.

In the accompanying drawings are illustrated three constructional examples of the invention.

Figure 1 is a section through a part of the smoke box of a locomotive provided with the arrangement according to the invention, the regulating valve. in the annular nozzleexhaust pipe being illustrated in the position in which it closes the annular outlet orifices towards the exhaust pipes and permits the latter to connnunicatc with a separate steam outlet pipe.

Figure 2 is a section taken in a position at right angles to that in Figure 1 through the exhaust pipe header, with its regulating valve lowered to open the annular orifices which place the exhaust pipes in communication with the chimney and close the inlets leading to the separate steam outlet pipe.

Figure 3 is a section illustratin a modification of the arrangement represented in Figure 1, wherein the central space in the exhaust pipe header serves for the outlet of the exhaust steam into the chimney, whilst the annular space surrounding the exhaust pipe header is connected with the open air by means of a separate steam out-let pipe.

Figure l. is a section taken at right angles to that seen in Figure 3.

The exhaust pipes a, a which receive the exhaust steam -from the working cylinders of the engine, meet in the housing 7), on which is placed the exhaust pipe header 0, the perpendicular centre line of which coincides with that oil the chimney d. In the construction represented in Figures 1 and 2, the annular nozzle exhaust pipe header 0 has concentric orifices e outside the wall of the header which encloses a central cylindrical chamber 7'; to the top of this wall is con uected a steam outlet pipe g, which as illustrated lllll ascend in the centre of the chimney or flue d, but which a n alternatively be located in any other convenient position in relation to the chimney. The regulating valve '12. comprises a hollow cylindrical guide piece projecting into the chamber 7" and a flange 2'. having bevelled or conical edges adapted to engage counterpart surfaces on the header 0. The bottom of the regulating valve 72. is suitably arched upwards and a rod Z: is secured therein, by means of which rod 7c the upward and downward movements of the valve h are etl'ected. In the wall of the regulating valve h are orifices Z through which. in the position shown in Figure 1, the steam exhausted through the pipes a, a from the cylinders passes into the interior of the regulating valve 7i and thence into the steam outlet pipe 9, through which it escapes into the open air. An annular wall at of the housing I) serves as a guide for the regulating valve h and is of such dimensions that it closes the orifices Z, when the regulating valve is in its lowest position, as seen in Figure 2. A base plate it closes in the bottom of the housing b while permitting vertical movement of the rod is which passes through the said plate.

In the modification represented in Figures 3 and i, the annular space 0 surrounding the exhaust pipe header, is closed towards the top, the orifices 6 being eliminated, and the steam outlet pipe 9 is connected to one side of this chamber 0 as seen in Figure 4, the said pipe 9 being then turned upward outside the chimney (Z.

In the supposed case of a locomotive driven at high speed, it the generation of steam in the boiler becomes so great, in consequence of intense draught through the furnace resulting from the powerful action of the exhaust pipe, that it exceeds the steam requiren'ient, and the safety valves blow oil, the regulating valve h is brought into the position seen in Figure 1 by the operation of a handle or by the use of some other suitable actuating arrangement (for example, by compressed air). The steam escaping from the cylinders of the engine then passes through the steam outlet pipe g into the open air, and the orifices e in the header 0 are cut oil from the interior of the valve it by the closing of the valve formed by the flange 2'. This position may also be taken as suitable for the regulating valve when the locomotive is pulling up, as the conveyance of soot from the smoke box is thus prevented, which soot uniting with the precipitated water forming in the cool cylinders is calculated to foul the glass roots of railway sta tions and is also often regarded as a nuisance by people congregated on the platforms, and has frequently given occasion for claims for damages against the railway companies in respect of soiled articles of wearing apparel. Moreover, the emission of flying sparks, often a cause of danger, is thus avoided.

In the course 01 the journey, should an intense inducing action oi the exhaust pipe be desired, the regulating valve is brought into the position seen in Figure 2. In this position. the orifices Z in the body of the regulating valve are closed by the cylindrical wall at of the housing I); hence no passage of the exhaust steam into the interior of the regulating valve and consequently into the steam outlet pipe 7 takes place, the whole or the exhaust passing away through the orifices e of the header 0, which orifices are left open with the regulating valve in this position, in order to escape through the chimney d, and the exhaust steam carries along with it the air in the smoke box, whereby powerful stimulat- Ill) terminal positions illustrated can be given to the regulating valve; In such an intermediate position the steam escapes partly through the orifices e of the exhaust pipe header and partly through the orifices Z of the regulating organ and the pipe g. It is a practical possibility of this arrangement to enlarge one of these ways and to reduce the other simultaneously. The orifices serving for outlet of the exhaust, are always proportionate to the cross-section of the exhaust pipes, so that throttling of the steam cannot take place in any position of the regulating valve h. i

The method of working with the arrangement according to F igures 3 and 4 is essentially similar, but when the regulating Valve is raised, as seen in Figure 3, the exhaust steam reaches the chimney through the upper nozzle-shaped hollow cone of the exhaust pipe header 0, whereby the induced draught for stimulating firing ensues, but when the regulating organ is in the lower position, as seen in Figure 4:, the exhaust passes to the intervening space 0 and thence through the steam outlet pipe 9 without setting up any induced draught.

In both the modifications, the exhaust steam conveyed through the steam outlet pipes 9 can be passed through a feed water heater before its escapes into the open air, in order that the heat still contained in it may be given off to the boiler feed water.

The invention is not restricted to the examples given, as many variations of design may be employed within the scope of the invention.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In devices for controlling the admission of exhaust steam to the chimneys of locomotives and other similar engines, the combination with two steam exhaust pipes, of a header connecting said pipes and comprising a valve chamber and an upwardly directed nozzle concentrically located in the chimney and including two concentric passages, an escape pipe connected to the nozzle and forming a continuation of one of said passages, and a valve adapted to reciprocate in the nozzle and cause theexhaustpipes to communicate with either or both the concentric passages of the nozzle.

2. In devices for controlling the admission of exhaust steam to the chimneys of locomotives and other similar engines, the combination with two steam exhaust pipes, of a header connecting said pipes and comprising a valve chamber and an upwardly directed nozzle concentrically located in the chimney and including two concentric passages, an escape pipe connected to the nozzle and forming a continuation of one of said passages, and a tubular sleeve valve mounted to reciprocate within the inner of said passages in the nozzle and provided with lateral ports, adapted to establish communication between said inner passage and the exhaust pipes, and with an annular skirt adapted to control passage of steam from the exhaust pipes to'the outer nozzle passage.

3. In devices for controlling the admission of exhaust steam to the chimneys of locomotives and other similar engines, the combination with two steam exhaust pipes of a header connecting said pipes and comprising a valve chamber and an upwardly directed nozzle concentrically located in the chimney, an escape pipe projecting upwardly from said nozzle and extending above the mouth of the chimney, an annular nozzle chamber concentrically surrounding said valve chamber and having apertures opening into the chimney, a valve seating below said nozzle chamber, a valve housing, a valve vertically movable in said valve chamber and said housing, said valve having valve faces adapted in the fully raised position of the valve to be pressed on said valve seating to cut ofi said nozzle chamber from said valve chamber, and also hav ing inlets which in the fully lowered position of the valve are covered by the wall of saidhousing, said valve faces and inlets being so spaced that in any intermediate position of the valve said exhaust pipes are in communication with said valve chamber and escape pipe through said inlets and also in direct communication with said nozzle chamber.

EMILE BLUME.

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