US1561708A - Mechanical movement - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 11,1925 1.561.708 J.IH.FEAGAN MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Fil d 10, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jaw/z EAaA/v Nov. 17, 1925' 1,561,708 J. H. FEAGAN DIECHANI CAL MOVEMENT Filed Nov. 10, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jmmakoc Jam H. l ZAGAN UQMQ Patented Nov. 17, 19125.

UNITED STATES JOHN HENRY FEAGAN. 0F ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Application filed November 10, 1924. Serial No. 748,980.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOHN HENRY FnAoAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Atlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanical Movements, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to mechanical move ments, and more particularly to means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion. 1 l

An object of the invention is the provision of means for converting reciprocating motion, such as the movement of a piston rod, into rotary motion, to drive a shatter the like, wherein the loss of power suffered at the present time in the usual construction of crank connection is reduced.

In the operation of the ordinary crank, the distance traveled by the end of the reciprocating member, such as the piston rod, equals the diameter of a circle. The radius of the circle described by the crank is thus half the length of the stroke of the piston. As the crank travels in a circle, it moves from a point at right angles to the line of travel. of the piston rod to a position in alinement therewith, or across the center of the shaft being driven.

In the presentinven'tion, I increase the efficiency of the engine or other machine by conserving a large per cent. of the motive power lost by machines now in use.

.In the accompanying drawings, I have shown the invention applied to an engine for the purpose of rotating the shaft due to the reciprocation of the pistons, in the engine cylinders. The invention is, i of course, applicable to any type of machine in which a reciprocating drive member is connected toa shaft or other rotating mem ber. In this showing:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an internal combustion engine showing the invention applied,

Figure 2 is a similar view at right angles thereto,

Figure 3 is a perspective viewot driving means carried by the shaft and adapted to be connected to the piston rod,

Figure 4 is an elevation of a timer or stabilizing mechanism,

Figure 5 is a front elevation of the power transmitting mechanism on an. enlarged usual fly wheel 10 arranged thereon.

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view on line 6--6 of Figure 5,

Figure 7 is a similar view on line 77 of Figure 5, and,

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Figure 5 of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, the reference numeral 1 designates generally an internal combustion engine having the usual cylinders 2, which may be of any desired number. Pistons 3 are mounted in the cylinders and the pistons are provided with piston rods A. The cylindermay be provided with the usual inlet and exhaust ports 5 having valves 6 arranged therein, which are operated in the usual manner by means of cams 7,mounted on cam shafts 8. The engine is provided with a main shaft 9 having the In place of the ordinary crank connection between the pistons and the main shaft, I employ means whereby the leverage is constant and is not reduced as the revolving parts passdead center. A pair of guides 11 are arranged at the bottom of the cylinder and a yoke or bar 12 is slidably mounted therein. The piston rod 1 is pivotally connected to this yoke or bar, as at 13, and is adapted to cause the bar to reciprocate in the guides. A pair of rods 1% are rigidly connected to the yoke 12 and extend downwardly. The lower ends of these rods are connected by means of a suitable brace. These rods are provided with rack teeth 16 on their inner faces adapted to mesh with. gear teeth 17, formed on a segmental gear 18. The gear 18 is mounted on the main shaft 9 and rigidly connected thereto by means of a key 19. As shown, the teeth of the gear extend substantially half way around its periphery. A second pair of rods or bars 20 are also connected to the yoke 12, these rods being hingedly connected as at 21. A pluralityof pins 22 are arranged.

in each of these bars and spaced an equal distance from eachother. The intermediate pins are mounted fast in the bars and projeet from each side (see Figure 8). The endpins are movably mounted in the bars and are adapted to project from one side thereof.

A pair of ratchet wheels 23 are mounted on the main shaft and keyed thereto, as at 24. These ratchetwheels are spaced from each. other a sufficient distance to receive the section by means of springs tangular rods 32 are received in socket menr bers 3% which project from the engine casing 35 and are provided with suitable gears bars 20. As shown, the ratchet wheels are provided with spaced ratchet teeth which extend substantially half way around each of the ratchet wheels, and between the teeth the wheels are provided with cam surfaces 26. The free ends of the bars 20 are connected to each other by a spring 27.

As stated, the end pins 22 are adapted to extend on one side of the bars 20 and means are provided for projecting these pins on either side of the bar for the purpose of permitting the rotating part to be reversed. As shown, the pins are provided with rack teeth 28 in their upper faces and these teeth are adapted to mesh with gears 29, mounted on shafts 30. The shafts are mounted in suitable bearings 31 carried by the bars 20. These shafts are in turn connected to shafts or rods 32 which are rectangular in cross 33. The rec- 36 to permit the shafts to be rotated for the purpose of moving the end pins 22.

In operation, the main shaft 9 is adapted to be driven by the engagement of the pins 22 with the teeth 25 of the ratchet wheels. The ratchet wheel to the left or forwardin Figure 3 of the drawings is adapted to be engaged by the pins to drive the shaft in a counter-clockwise direction and the other ratchet wheel is adapted to be engaged for the purpose of driving the shaft in a clockwise direction. The ratchet teethare engagedby the pins in the bar to the right in Figure 5 of the drawings as the piston moves upwardly in the cylinder and are en- .g'aged by the pins of the bar to the left as the piston moves in a reverse direction. The spring 2'? urges the bars-inwardly at all times, but one of the bars is maintained away from the ratchet wheel oneachstroke by the cam 26.

lVith the parts in the position shown in Figure 5 of the drawings, the upstroke of the piston is started and the ratchet wheel having the teeth arranged to revolve the shaft in a counter-clockwise direction is adapted to be engaged by the pins. I or this purpose, the end pins are projected on this side of the bars, or on the left side'of the bars in Figure 8 of the drawings. As the piston andits associated parts move upwardly the pins 22 of the bar to the right successively engage the ratchet teeth 25 to drive the ratchet wheel and shaft in a counter-clockwise direction. At the same time, the end pin on the opposite bar engages the cam portion of the ratchet wheel and -moves the opposite'bar outwardlyin order to preventtheremaining pins on the opposite side of the second'bar fromengagingthe ratchet teeth and'thus driving-the shaft 111 a reverse direction. At the end of direction, the end pins are moved'to the opposite side of the bars. This may be accomplished by the reversing mechanism shown, the shafts being rotated and the pinions 29 meshing with the rack teeth 28 in the end pins to move them to their alternative position. With the parts in the position shown in Figure 5 of the drawings-and the end pins reversed, the upstroke ofthe piston causes the pins of the bar to the left in Figure 5 to engage the second ratchet wheel and revolve the shaft in a clockwise direction. At the end of the upstroke, the lower end pin of the barto the right, rides over the last ratchet tooth and when the piston revolves in a reverse direction, the pins of the bar to the right successively engage the second ratchet wheel to continue the revolution of the shaft in a. clockwise direction. The opposite bar is'thrown out ofthe path of the ratchet teeth in the manner heretofore described by the cam 26. The connection of the shaft 30 to the exterior of the machine by-means of the spring 33 and the slip joint between the parts 32 and 3 1-, permits the shaft to swing when the bars 20 move on their'pivots. The spring tensionis sufficiently strong to revolve theshaft when the member 32 is revolved by the socket member 34-.

it will be apparent that the provision of end pins projecting on only one side of the bar and movable to either side. permits the reversal ofthe machinein the/manner described. lf the'end'pins projected to :each side of the bar, with the partsin the.position shownin Figure 5 of the drawings, the upper end pinof -the bar to the right, would engage the. teeth of bothratchetwheels and lock the machineagainst movement a's the ratchet wheels would tend to revolvein the reverse direction. By arranging the end pins on either side, the movement of :the shaft in the desired direction throughthe selection of one ratchet wheel is started and the intermediate pins do not interfere with the driving of the machine. Furthermore, with the end pin projecting on one side, the bars may he alternately thrown out of'oporation by the engagement of the end pin and the cam.

The racks H and the segmental gear 17 function as a stabilizer or timer, and compel tended and any number of shafts driven therefrom in the manner described.

By means of the construction described, a substantially uniform leverage between the drive member and the driven member is obtained at all times as the power is applied to the shaft at asubstantially uniform distance from the center of the shaft and at right angles to" the line of movement of the reciprocating member. As set forth, this differs materially from the ordinary crank connection where the crank passes over the 1 center line of the driving member and the leverage constantly changes from maximum, the length of the shaft, to zero.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the sub joined claims.

I claim: i

1. In a device of the character described, a reciprocating member, a pair of bars hingedly connected thereto, spaced pins mounted in said bars, a driven shaft, aratchet Wheel mounted on said shaft and adapted to be alternately engaged by said bars to revolve said shaft in one direction, and timing mechanism connecting said reciprocating member to said shaft.

2. In a device of the character described,

a reciprocating member, a pair of substantially parallel bars hingedly connected thereto, said bars being provided with spaced pins, a driven shaft, a pair of ratchet wheels mounted on said shaft and arranged on opposite sides of said bars, means for causing said pins to engage either of said ratchet wheels to revolve said shaft in either direction, and means for alternately disengaging the pins of each bar from said ratchet wheel at the end of each stroke of said reciprocating member.

3. A device constructed in accordance with claim 2 wherein said end pins are movable and are adapted to be arranged on either side of said bars to cause said pins to engage a selected ratchet wheel to drive said shaft in a desired direction.

4.. A device constructed in accordance with claim 2 wherein the end pins are mov ably mounted and are provided with rack teeth, and a. shaft is arranged adjacent each of said bars and provided with pinions adapted to mesh with said racks.

In a device of the character described, a reciprocating member, a pair of bars hingedly connected thereto and arranged sub stantially parallel to each other, spaced pins mounted in said bars, a driven shaft, a ratchet wheel mounted on said shaft and adapted to be alternately engaged by said bars to drive said shaft in one direction, a pair of rack bars mounted on said reciprocating member and arranged substantially parallel to each other, and a segmental gear carried by said shaft and adapted to alternately engage the teeth of said rack bars.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature.

JOHN HENRY FEAGAN.

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