US1530823A - Decolorizing and purifying sugar and other crystalline or granular substances - Google Patents

Description

" UNITED) STAT S Patented Mar; 24, 1925.

DONALD GRANT, OF

L'ITHERLAND, ENGLAND,' assienon To- KLARIT LIMITED, or

' LITHERLAND, LIVER-POOL, ENGLAND.

SUBSTANCES.

v No Drawing,

To all whom z'z may concern:

Be it known that I, DONALD GRANT, sub-, ject of the King o-f Great Britain, residing in Litherland, in the county oi? -Lancaster and Kingdom of England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Decolorizing andPurifying Sugar and Other proportion is presentfiin a liquid which adheres to their surfaces, it isevidentthat in decolorizing and purifying them a. far. more satisfactory result will be obtained if this adhering liquid is removed and treated sepa rately, than if the whole mass of crystals and adhering liquid is first dissolved in water. It isfhowever, diflicult to remove this liquid without dissolving-partott the crystals.

I have'discovered that the liquid adhering to the crystals and the impurities it contains, can be treated in situ by mixing the dry impure sugar (or other crystalline substance) with dry kieselguhr, active carbon, or other finely-divided solid agent. On subsequent solution much of the colouring matter and impurities remains attached tothe kieselguhr and carbon, and little is dissolved except pure sugar (or other crystalline sub stance).

My invention thus consists in mixing the impure crystalsor grains of sugar (or other material) insolid form with a finly-divided solid substance having absorptive properties, for instance kieselguhr or active carbon (whether of animal or vegetable origin) or both.

The two materialsimpure sugar (or other impure solid) and the absorptive substanceappear to form an intimate mixture which, being dry and mobile but not dusty, can be much more easily handled and transported than either of its constituents, does Application fi led February 17, 192d. Serial No. 359,324. I 1 i not deteriorate owing to theaction of microorganisms, and on subsequent treatment yields readily avery purelsugar (or other product). i

' This subsequent treatment may consist of one or both of the following methods: (1) removing the absorptive or' decolorizing substance," or both, from the mixture by me chanicalfmeans: for example" by washing the miriture in a centrifugal machine or tank with a solution of pure or impure sugar (or of the substance under treatment) or with any other liquid: 01"(2) treating the mixture withwater which may be acidified '(or with j some other suitable, solvent) with or without heat and then filtering, when a puri- P tied solution is obtained, the absorptivesubstance or substances containing active carbon seizing the gummy constituents and other impurities (such as colouring matter) and preventing them from passing into solution.

When active carbon. is used in this man ner a much smaller percentage is necessary PATENT fOFFI-CE}i than when thedecolorizing agent is brought into :contact 'with syrups or solutions in 'which the impurities have already assumed liquid formand considerable time is saved. Further, with both absorptive substances such as kieselguhr, and with 'decolorizing agents such as active carbon, subsequent mechanical filtration is very greatly facilitated. since, especially in the case of syrups, the viscosity due to impurities is much reduced.

Among the advantages which I expect to I get by this method of using absorptive sub stances and filtering media ar ethe followmg:

(1) MOZn'lity.-The substance treated, for instance impure sugar, becomes as mobile as sand and does not adhere to the surface of conveyors, elevators 'or sieves owing to the fact that the sugar particles are covered or coated. It can thus be shipped like-grain without sacks and discharged by pneumatic elevators.

(2) Permanence.-The substance is pro tected from the deleterious activity of micro-organisms and in the case of sugar from inversion. It can thus be stored for long periods in warehouses or ships without deterioration.

(3) F iZtra tz'0n.-Owing to. the retention of impurities by the absorptive material,

whether kieselguhr or active carbon or other matter, the solutions made from substances so treated are easy to filter.

(4;) Decoloumtiom-When active carbonis used, it is brought at once into contact with the dense syrup adhering-to the crys-- tals of sugar (or other substance) v acting on and absorbing the colouring matter, most of which is contained in this syrup, be-

fore it has become diffused by the solution of the crystals. Thus theprocess of decolouration is more efficient and economical than when solution precedes'theapplication of active charcoal.

WVith regard to quantities, I have found the following useful: i

Say from one-half to six parts of vege table or animal charcoal, or from one-half to six parts of kies elguhr, to 'everyhundred parts of raw or incompletely refined sugar, or an addition ofboth absorbent's (in any ratio) which gives a totalqoi from one-half to six per cent ofthe Weight of the mixture, the amount depending on the nature of the raw or incompletely refined material. The correct amount of absorbent substances, such as carbon or kieselgu'hr (or the mixture of both under the heading Decolourizing carbons; The; material" must be" used" in pu'lverulent form;

I claim as my invention.-

The rreee$1. t es imrure sslid sugar which comprises mixing it with powdered activated carbon in sufiicient quantity to make the: mixture non-sticky, v V

. 2;"The process of refining impure sugar which consists in mixing the solid impure sugar with activated carbon in powdered form, dissolving the sugar in water and separating the solution from'the carbon and impurities.

As a new product, a non-sticky mixture of grains of solid sugar and powdered activated carbon adhering to the-surfaces ofits granules.

4. As a new product a dry granular ma terial consisting of a mixture of solid sugar and activated carbon adhering to and covering the surface of, the granules. 1

5. As a new product, solid granules of sugar in which the crystals possess a closely adhering non-sticky surface coating of activated carbon.

6. The process'of refining impure sugar which consists in mixing the solid granular impure sugar with finely divided activated carbon, then dissolving the sugar in acidulated water and separating the solution from the carbon and. impurities whereby much less carbon is required than withthe ordinary process.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name this 27th-day of January 1920, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. i

DONALD GRANT. Witnesses:

THOMAS MEne s LINGARD, HAROLD 'Moonsn.