US1513287A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

G. T. SMALLWOOD OIL BURNER Filed April 21. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

ATORNEY.

G. T. SMALLWOQD OIL BURNER Filed April 21. 1923 s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Geolyeflflwaodi BY f f TORNEY.

' tea GEORGE T. SMALLWOOD, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed April 21, 1928. Serial No. 633,667.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE T. SMALL- woon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to oil burners, the object being to provide a structure that will secure complete combustion, producing a hot flame, and thereby eliminating carbon deposits. i

A further and important object is to provide a structure of this kind that is practical, and the various parts of which are readily accessible and are protected from de- SlJIICtlOD by the high temperatures generate The embodiment herein disclosed is particularly intended foruse in connection with the system disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 613,930, filed January 22, 1923, but is not necessarily restricted to such employment.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view througha preferred embodiment of the invention,

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 22 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View through a slightly modified form of construction.

Referring first to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, a burner casing or housing is employed, comprising an inner wall 4, an outer wall 5, a bottom 6, and a top 7, forming a confined chamber 8 for structural convenience. The inner and outer members 4 and 5 may be separate elements, with the top 7 integral with the outer wall 5, and having its inner margin interfitted with the top edge of the inner wall 4, forming a closed joint 9. The bottom 6 may be a ring externally and internally threaded, and having the lower portions of the walls 4 and 5 screwed thereto, as shown. The inner wall 4. has a lower enlargement, producing a burner chamber 10 with a contracted upper neck, forming a burner outlet throat or opening 11. I

Extending vertically and centrally within the chamber 10, is a fuel delivery tube 12, having an upper open discharge end 13 and having a T-coupling 14 at its lower end. A

supply pipe 15, leading from any suitable source, is engaged in one end of the T-coupling, while the other end has a clean-out plug 16. Surrounding the pipe 12, is another fuel delivery pipe, which may be made up of threaded interfitting sections 17. A

supply pipe 18 is coupled to the lowerend of the tu e 17, and this pipe may have a clean-out opening closed by .a plug 19.

Suitably mounted on the outer tube or pipe 17 is a flash plate, preferably in the form of a casing, having a bottom member 20 provided with a depending collar 21 threaded on to one of the sections 17 Said bottom 20 has an outstanding flange or wall 22 terminating in a rib 23, and fitted between said rib and the member 17 is a top plate 24, the upper face of which constitutes a flash surface. This plate may have an annular channel 25 around the section 17, and said plate preferably slopes downwardly toward the rib 23. Outlet ports from the bore of the outer tube 17 are shown at 26, said ports delivering into the channel 25. The pipe 12 extends a considerable distance above the flash plate, and the uppermost section 17, extending above said flash plate,

is in the form of a head 27 that terminates extending across said chamber are openended air tubes 31 that project above the plate 24:, and permit the free discharge of air over said plate, as will be evident.

The chamber 8 of the burner casing is adapted to hold a cooling medium, such as water, indicated at 32, which water is supplied from a suitable source through a pipe 33 opening into the the bottom of the chamber 8, and preferably having a check valve 34 that prevents the outward flow of such water. The level of the water is maintained below the top wall 7, and steam-conducting pipes 35, opening into the upper end of the chamber 8, extend downwardly into said chamber and are in communication with the chamber 30 of the flash plate. interposed plate.

and having passages or ports 37 that allow any steam generated to flow upwardly past said plate 36 into the pipes 35. The top flash plate 24 is furthermore provided with a series of upwardly extending nipples or ports 38, afiording outlets from the chamber 30.

The operation of this apparatus is. substantially as follows. In starting the burner a light hydrocarbon oil is admitted through the pipe 18, and will fihd its way through the-outlet ports 26 on to the flash pan or lt, here, spreads as a film over the upper surface of the plate 24: and is ignited, thereby effecting a preliminary heating the burner, the head 27 and the tube 12. When satisfactorily heated crude oil'is admitted through the pipe 15, and said oil rising into the ipe 12 is initially heated therein and wil overflow through the outlet end 13. lit will pass down over the steps 27 and flash points 28, where it will be ignited, a part thereof spreading as a film over the plate 24:, and bein burned. The light oil may be then cut 0 and the heavy hydrocarbon oil used as the sole fuel or a mixture of the two may be continued as desired. Any excess of oil, either through an over-supply when being burned, orthrough carelessness after the flame has been extinguished, will pass through. the overflow 29 and thus avoid danger from fire bein transmitted from the burner.

In this operation, it will be evident that the water 32 will be heated and steam generated. This steam will find its way through the pipes 35 into the chamber 30 of the flash plate and will be discharged through the nip les 38. As a consequence the steam wit the air passing through the tubes 31 will insure compete combustion of the fuel and eliminate carbon deposits. The water and steam, however, has an additional advantage, in that the water will prevent the destruction of the burner casing, and the steam generated and delivered into the chamber 30 will also absorb excess heat and prevent the flash plate from being destroyed by the high temperatures. The boiling water is prevented from entering the steam pipes 35 by reason of the bafie plate 36, which will obviously tend to keep down the ebullition below said plate, leaving in ed'ect a steam dome above the same. While the oil pipe 12 is shown as terminating in the enlarged portion of the internal burner chamber, it will be obvious that it may be extended to difierent heights, as desired. The greater height the more heating efiect that is initially given to the oil and the longer the vertical distance it will flow downwardly, in exposure to the flames and in being burned.

In the emboent disclosed in Figure 3, the means for supplying two grades or charnames? actors of oil is dispensed with. The inner tube, designated 12*, in this embodiment is an air tube, having a lower funnel inlet it, and an open upper air outlet 13". An oil tube 17 surrounds the tube 12, and is supplied through a pipe 18. provided with outlet ports 26?, delivering to the upper plate 24?- oil a flash pan 20. This pan is provided with air tubes 31 and steam outlet nipples 38* similar toithose a ready described. The plate is also provided with one or more outlet pipes 29. The burner casing comprises an inner wall 41 and an outer wall 5 forming a coog and steam generating chamber 8, the steam pipes 35 leading from its upper end into.

the chamber 30* of the flash pain A bat-Me plate 36 is interposed between the cooling water and the inlet ends of the pipes 35.

In this structure an electric 1gniter may The head 27 is" be employed, which is indicated at 39, an

electric wire 4L0 being connected to the sparking terminal 39, the other terminal being grounded on the metal of the burner in a manner well understood.

The operation of this embodiment of the invention is substantially the same as that already described, except that as stated above, no means are provided for supplying an initial light carbon oil for preliminarily heating the burner. Such oil may be used continuously, or heavy oils may be employed, and extraneous means, if necessary, utilized for securing the initial heat.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advan tages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in thesize, shape, proportion and minor details of construction, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what ll claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An oil burner comprising a chambered flash late, means for delivering oil to be burne means for introducing steam into the chamber of said flesh plate, and means for directing air across the chamber of the dash plate out of contact with the steam. therein and over said surface of the dash plate.

2. An oil burner comprising a chambered 'llash plat/e, means for delivering oil to be burned over a surface of said flash plate, means for introducing steam into the chamber of said. dash plate, air tubes extending f over a surface of said flash plat/e,

lllll llll flash plate having a topwall, means for introducing steam to the chamber, a plurality of steam outlet nipples on the top wall communicating with the chamber, air tubes extending across the chamber and openinghaving outlet ports opening through the flash surface.

5. In an oil burner, the combination with a chamber, having a wall provided with a flash surface, of means for delivering a film of oil to the burner over said surface, openended air tubes extending transversely through the chamber for permitting the passage of air through the casing and discharging it over the flash surface, a housing surrounding the same and comprising a hollow liquid-containing wall heated by the flame from the burner, and a steam pipe from the upper end of the wall to the cham-.

her, said chamber having outlet ports opening through the flash surface.

6. In an oil burner, the combination with a housing comprising a casing having a burner outlet opening, of a liquid fuel delivery tube extending upwardly thereinto, a chambered flash plate surrounding the tube, and receiving fuel therefrom upon its upper surface, and means for delivering steam from the chamber through the plate and over said upper surface, and air tubes across the chamber and delivering over said upper surface.

7. In an oil burner, the combination with a housing comprising a chambered casing having a burner outlet opening, of a liquid fuel delivery tube extending upwardly thereinto, a chambered flash plate surrounding the tube and receiving fuel therefrom upon its upper surface, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the chamber of the casing, and means for directing steam generated in said chamber to the chamber of the flash plate, said flash plate having steam outlet ports through its upper face.

8. In an oil burner, the combination with a housing comprising a chambered casin having a burner outlet opening, of a liqui fuel delivery tube extending upwardl thereinto, a chambered flash plate surroun in the tube and receiving fuel therefrom upon its upper surface, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the chamber of the casing, means for directing steam generated in said chamber to the chamber of the flash plate, said flash platehaving steam outlet ports through its upper. face, and air tubes extending across the chamber of the flash plate and opening over the upper surface of said flash plate.

9. An oilburner comprising a head and an extended flash plate of thinner material than the head inclining downwardly from said head and having on unobstructed channel at its upper end directly adjacent to the head, said head having a fuel supply pas sageway that delivers over the upper edge of the channel into the same, and said channel delivering in turn to the upper surface of the flash plate.

10. In an oil burner, the combination with a burner casing having a chamber and a burner outlet opening, of a'tube for fuel oil extending upwardly within the casing, a second fuel tube associated with the first tube, a hollow flash plate surrounding the tubes and having an upper flash surface, with air ports opening therethrough, said tubes havin outlet ports above the flash surface and sald first mentioned tube having a series of retarding steps between its outletport and the flash surface, means for supplying a cooling liquid to the chamber of the burner casing, and means for conveying steam from said chamber to the hollow flash plate and discharging it over the flash surface.

11. The combination in a liquid fuel burner, of an upstanding member having an upwardly extending fuel receivin surface, means for delivering fuel to be urned to its upper end, an outstanding flash plate extending from the lower end of the upstanding member and having an upper fuel receiving surface that declines from the upstandin surface to its outer margin, and means or delivering an initial heating fuel to the outstanding flash plate substantially at the junction of the same with the upstanding member.

12. The combination in a liquid fuel burner, of an upstanding member having an upwardly extending fuel receiving surface, an outstanding flash plate extending from the lower end thereof, fuel delivery tubes, one within the other, one of said tubes opening at the upper end of the upstandin member, the other delivering to the outstan ing member at its juncture with the upstanding flash plate, and oil reservoirs supplying fuel to the tubes.

In testimony whereof, I aifix my signature.

GEORGE T. SMALLWOOD.

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