US1477927A - Downdraft furnace - Google Patents

Description

. A. R. ATTEBERRY DOWNDRAFT FURNACE Filed June 6. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet l V 'iik-@11. 65,50@ 5f/M ffl@ WZ-inw@ Dec. 18 1923.

A. R. ATTEBERRY DOWNDRAFT FURNACE s sheets-sheet 2 Filed June 6, 1921 'Patented Dec.. 18, 1923.

ALVIN R. ATTEBERRY, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

DOWNDRAFT FURNACE.

Application med June e, 192i. serial No. 475,325.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALVIN R. A'rrnBERRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at` Springfield, in the county of Sangamon and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Downdraft Furnace, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to furnaces for burning coal. The purposes of the invention are to provide a furnace of simple construc-A tion free from flat surfaces on which dust and soot may accumulate and interfere with the draft of the' furnace; to provide a drum of improved construction and in conjunction therewith to provide a vertical flue of large capacity extending practicallyT the envtire length of the drum; to provide interchangeable segments supporting the fire bowl, the lining and the grate in the drum and adapted for use with iron lire-bowl sec-V tions or ire-bowl sections of fire clay or other refractory material; to provide firebowl sections of improved construction admitting the flame and hot ases into and through the fire bowl, an upward and downward and all around the outside of the fire-bowl; to provide improved means for controlling 11p-draft and down-draft and to provide other details of construction as will hereinafter appear.

Figure 1 is a perspective View of a furnace embodying my invention, part 0f the casing being sliown as broken away to expose inclosed parts; Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the interior of the furnace, showing part of the'drum, part of the grate, part of the lining, the. means for supporting the grate, andvsome of the irebowl sections in place in the drum.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section through the furnace taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. L1 is a top plan of one segment of the ring structure supporting the tire-bowl and the grate. y

Fig. 5 is ay top plan, Fig. 6 an inside view. and Fig. 7 an outside view of one cast iron fire-bowl section.

Fig. S is a vertical section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is an inside view and Fig. 10 an outside view of one of the special cast iron tire-bowl sections used on each side of the shaker which operates the grate.

Fig. 11 is a sectional detail of means to facilitate the shaking of the grate.

Fig. 12is an inside view, Fig. 13 an outside view and Fig. 14 a vertical longitudinal section through one regular fire-clay-bowl section, taken on the line 141-44 of Fig. 12.

Fin'. 15 is an outside View of a special fire-ctlay-bowl section; Fig. 16 is a vertical section on the line 16-16 of Fig. 15; and Fig. 17 is an enlarged partial vertical section through the drum, the lining, and one fire-clay fire-bowl section.

The same reference numerals designate the same parts in all the views.

A. circular cast iron base 16 of usual construction, supports the outer casing 17 which is preferably of galvanized steel and is equipped with the usual cold-air duct and the usual hot air pipes; said duct and pipes l are not part of the present invention and therefore are not shown.

The heat drum 18 and the boot or vertical fiue 19 are preferably of rolled steel of suitable thickness and are supported on the base 16 as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

l have shown in the drawings a cast iron cover 20 conformed to the upper end of the drum and the boot and connected therewith by bolts 21 ext-ending through ears 22 integral with the cover and through brackets 23 riveted on the drum; but it is to be understood that the cover may be of pressed steel, the same as the body of the drum, and may be welded or otherwise secured thereon without departure from my invention.

have shown the boot riveted on the drum but it also may bc welded on the drum.

A cast iron upper door frame Q4 secured on the drum covers a suitable opening in the wall of the drum and extends outwardly through the casing and supports a` fuel door 25 and a draft door 26. The draft door has a. hinged shutter 27 operated by a wire 28, or a chain, extended upwardly into a room which is to be heated.

A cast viron lower door frame 29 covers a suitable opening in the drinn and extends outwardly through the casing and supports the ash-pit door 30.

A frame 31 covering a suitable opening in the casing supports a door 32 giving access to the shaker bar 33.

The shaker bar 33 extends inwardly sie -through the arcuate guard-plate 34 and through acorresponding slot 35 (Fig. 2) in the wall of the drum, and through the space 36 (Figs. 2 and 9) at the lowerl ends of the two adjoining special lire-bowl sections, one on' each side of the shaker bar, and the inner end of the bar enters a socket member 38 integral with the grate 39.

A cast iron cylindrical lining 40 composed of four equal sections is interposed between the drum and the tire-bowl sections and protects the drum from blistering or burning by flame in the space between the fire-howl and the lining.

The fire-bowl comprises a series of regular or ordinary sections 37 (Figs. 5-8), and two special sections 37 (Figs. 9 and 10), adjacent to each other, one on each side of the shaker bar 33. Each section 37 has at its upper end two outwardly extended lugs 62 adjacent to the respective longitudinal edges of the section, and has at its lower end a fiat shoulder 63 extending the full width of the section and an integral'downwardly and inwardly projected flange (34 extending part of the width of the section..

The sections 37*l are right and lett. Each section 37a has at its upper end two outwardly extended lugs G2 and has at its lower end an inwardly projected flange 64 adjacent to one longitudinal edge of the section. When the two sections are assembled the shorter longitudinal edges of the sections will be in contact with each other and the space 36 between the two lugs 64n will permit free oscillation of the shaker bar 33 in the space 3G.

F ire bowl and gra-te support.

The tire-bowl and grate support is a circular structure o1 ring C, preferably of cast iron, comprising a plurality of separable quadrants, formed and united as will now be described, and adapted to support regular and special cast iron fire-bowl sections; and also adapted to support tire-bowl sections of tire clay or the like, as will hereinafter appear.

To distinguish the grate-supporting quadrant of said circular structure C from the other quadrants of the same structure,l

the reference letter G will be used to designate the grate-supporting quadrant, and the letter B will be used to designate the other quadrants of said structure.

` he quadrants are separable in order that they may be introduced or removed through the lire door opening, to facilitate assembling the parts; and also to facilitate the removing and replacing of a quadrant or quadrants which may be broken or damaged in use, without disturbing the other quadrants.

The quadrant G comprises a hub 42, a

stud 43, extended upwardly from the hub, radial spokes 44, laterally extended blocks 45 integral with the spokes, a rim plate 46 of L-shape cross-section, arcuate slots 47 in the horizontal member 48 of the rim plate, holes 49 in the vertical member 50 of the rim plate to receive bolts 5l (Fig. l) connecting the quadrant with the drum 18, and 'relatively short slots 66 separating the blocks 45 from the body of the rim plate. The quadrants are connected with each other b v bolts 52 (Figs. 3 and 17).

The quadrants B are all alike, so a description of one will sutiice for all. Quadrant-s B differ from the quadrant (ir in that they do not have hubs, neither do they have radial spokes; but each quadrant has a rim plate 53, arcuate slots 54 upright lugs 55, lateral blocks 56 and short slots 57. like the corresponding parts and slots of the quadrant G.

The grate 58 is a circular plate of cast iron, having a central hole 59 accommodating the stud 43 around which the grate rotates, and an integralsocket block 38 in which the inner end of the shaker bar 33 engages to shake the grate in the usual manner. The grate has also a series of perforations 60 through which ashes drop into the ash pit.

' Faraday Sections of the fire-bowl.

I have found by experience that under some conditions of use tire-clay bowl sections are preferable to cast-iron-bowl sections, I have therefore shown and described a ring structure C admitting ofthe use of either cast-iron tire-bowl-sections or tire-clay tirebowl sections, as may be desirable in any particular case; and will now describe the hre-clay firebowl sections shown in Figs. 12. 13, 14, 15 and 1e.

The firc-claybowl sections are of two types namely; general .sections 70, and special or right and left sections a. the latter being used on opposite sides ofthe -shaker bar. in the same manner that the special cast-iron sections 37 are used. Only one section 7 0" is shown.

In order that the tire-clay sections may have ample strength and may have mass to conserve heat, they will preferably be twice 'the thickness of the cast-iron sections.

ring C is designed to support either castiron bowl-sections or fireclay-bowl sections without obstructing the slots 47 or 54, and without any change in the ring itself.

Each fire-clay section 70 has outwardly extended lugs 7l. transverse holes 72 and a downwardly projecting flange 73 adapted to enter the short slots 57 to hold the section so as to permit expansion and contraction of the sections. vThe lugs 55 on the ring C (Fig. 2) and the flanges 73 on the fire-howl section keep the lower part of the section The r remesa from sliding outwardly over and obstructing the slots 17 of the quadrant Gr, or 54 of the quadrants B, as the case may be.

The ange 64, or 64, of each iron section 37, or 37a.' projects inwardly beyond the inner face of the section and extends downwardly into the short slots 57 or 66; likewise, the inner face of the flange 478 or 76 of each fire- clay section 70, or 70, being in the same plane with the inner face of'the section, extends downwardly into the r same slots 57 or 66, notwithstanding the difference in the thickness of the sections. This adaptability of the ring C to all the firebowl sections 37, 37a; and 70, 70, is a fea- I ture of prime importance.

A smoke box 8O permanently attached to the boot 19, communicates with the interior of the drum 18 through the opening 8l (Fig. 3) and has an outlet pipe 82 admitting smoke and gases to the chimney flue.

A damper plate 83 is fixed on an oscillative rod 84. which extends through the smoke box. When raised the plate 83 covers the opening 81 so that the smoke and gases will pass downwardly around the fire-bowl sections and through the grate 'and the ring structure C into the ash pit 78, thence through the opening 77 into the boot 19, and upwardly through the boot and the outlet 82 to the chimney flue. An arm 85 is integral with the rod 84.

A bar 86 is pivoted on one of the brackets 23. A lever 87 is pivoted on the bar 86 as shown at 88. A link 89 connects the lower end of thel lever 87 with the upper end of the arm 85. A rod 90 is connected With the upper end of the lever 87 and extends outwardly through the casing 17. Upon pulling the .rod 90 outwardly the lever 87 will operate the damper plate 83 -to uncover the opening 81 for direct draft; and reversely, pushing the rod inwardly will operate the damper plate for indirect or down-draft.

A plate 91 detachably connected with the smoke box covers an opening 92 in one side of the smoke box, affording access to the interior of the smoke box whenever necessary to change or replace the rod 84 or the damper plate 83.

The shaker bar 83 extends inwardly through the guard'plate 34, and the plate travels on rollers (Fig. 11) to facilitate the shaking of the grate.

Operation.

Upon starting the fire, the shutter 27 will be raised to admit air to the drum and the rod 90 will be pulled outwardly to operate the damper plate 83 for direct draft. When the re has a good start and there is a bed of live coals in the fire pot` the rod 90 will be pushed inwardly to effect the change from direct draft to indirect or down-draft,

`and all around the lire pot ash pit, and upwardly `through the boot and and the shutter 27 will be partially or wholly closed to control combustion as desired. The draft will then be downwardly through and through the the smoke box to the chimney flue; thus assuring prolonged even heating, and complete combustion and consequent economy of fuel.

I do not restrict the y,invention to the preciseA details shown andl described but wish t0 include other and different details fairly within the scope of the claims.

Having fully described my invention what claim as new and desire to secure by Ivetters Patent is: 1. A rin -structure for furnaces comprismg separa le sections, cach section having an outer rim, an inner rim, arcuate slots between said rims, and relatively short slots adjacent to the inner rim; in combination with a drum supporting said ring-structure; a lining supported on the outer rim of the ring-structure; and fire-bowl sections supported on the inner rim of the ring-structure and engaged in the relatively short slots thereof to prevent said fire-bowl sections from obstructing thearcuate slots of said ring-structure.

2. In a. furnace, in combination with a casing; a circular drum in the casing; a ring structure supported in the drum and comprising a plurality o f sections each having arcuate slots, and relatively short slots spaced inwardly apart from said arcuate slots; a circular lining supported on the outer circular rim of the ring-structure; and a circular series of fire-howl sections, each having at its upper end outwardly projected members bearing on said lining to space the fire-bowl sections apart from the lining, and having at its lower end a member engaging in the relatively short slots of said ring-structure, to hold the lower part of the fire-bowl section clear of the corresponding arcuate slot of the ring-structure.

3. In a furnace, the combination of a casing; a cylindrical drum inside the casing; a ring-structure detachably connected with the casing and comprising a grate-supporting section having an arcuate rim, radial arms, arcuate slots in the rim of said section, and relatively short slots adjacent to the spokes, a hub uniting the spokes, and an upwardly extended stud on said hub; complemental ring-sections each having a rim having arcuate slots, radial members having lateral bloc-ks, and relatively short slots between said lateral blocks and said rim; a cylindrical lining comprising separable sections supported on said ring-structure between the arcuate slots and the relatively short slots of the ring-structure; removable perforated 'fire-bowl sections each having at its uppenienditwardly extended lugs bearthe stud of the grate supporting section oi 10 ing on said lining to maintain open space bethe ring-structure.

tween the fire-bowl section and the lining, in communication with the arcuate slots of the ring-structure, also having at its lower end a member engaging in the relatively short slots of the ring-structure, vto prevent outward movement of the fire-bowl sections on the ring-Structure; and a grate rotative on In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name at Springfield, Illinois, this first day of June,

VIN R. ATTEBERRY.

Witnesses

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