US1441600A - Lead pencil - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 9, 1923.

A. POLLAK.

LEAD PENCIL. FILED FEE.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l ATTORNEY,

W QM.

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Jian. 9, 31923.

' A. POLLAK.

LEAD PENc'| 1 F`| LED FEB.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 ATTORNEY* Patented Jian. 9, 1923.

ABRAHAM POLLAIK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

Liman PENCIL.

application filed February-9, 1922. Serial No. 535,273.

. of New York city, in the .c'ountyof New York an State of New York, have invented certain ew and useful Improvements in Lead Pencils, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in mechanical `lead penc1ls, andlt consists 1n the novel features, structure and combinations of parts hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims, whereby a pencil of improved character is produced.

One object of my invention is to provide an efficient and mechanically practical novel lead pencil in the use of which on the rotation in one direction of a part of the pencil, the stick of lead may be propelled forwardly toexpose its outer end for writing purposes and on the rotation of said part in a reverse direction, the stick of lead will be retracted within the pencil.

A special object of the invention is to provide a novel construction of pencil in which the stick or piece of lead after having been sufficiently consumed by use. or unduly shortened lby breakage, may on the .rotation of a part of the pencil, be wholly expelled from the pencil;

A further purpose of the invention is to provide a pencil whose parts are of novel character and operation and may be readily constructed and assembled and which pencil will be durable and highly efficient in use and be capable of exposing the lead for writing purposes, retracting the leadV when the luse thereof has concluded and finally expelling an unduly short piece of lead entirely from the pencil. l

The nature and purposes of the invention will be fully understood from the detailed description hereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which: p

Fig. 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section through a pencil constructed in accordance with and embodying the invention, the parts of the pencil being. shown in the relation they have when the lead is exposed for writing purposes;

- Fig. 2 is a substantially corresponding section, on a larger' sc'ale and partly broken away, through a portion of the same, the

mechanism being shown as in the operation of expelling a short piece ofllead from the pencil;

Fig. 3 is aside elevation, partly broken away and partly in section, of the rear end lportion of the pencil, a cap therefor being shown as having been drawn youtwardly beyond and to Aexpose a' rubber eraser carried by an inner barrel or tubular portion of the pencil; a A

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the same portion of the pencil, showing the cap as having been turned downwardly from the rubber eraser, leaving the same exposed for use or to be withdrawn for opening the chamber in the pencil for reserve leads;

Fig. 5 is a transverse section, on an enlarged scale, through the pencil, taken on the dotted line 5 5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a. corresponding transverse lsec-A tion through the pencil, taken `on the dotted line 6 6 of Fig. l;

Flg. 7 is a corresponding transversesection throughthe pencil, taken on the dotted line .7-7 of Fig. 2;

Flg. 8 is a longitudinal section through 5v5 6o i the exterior barrel portion or casing of the pencil;

' Fig. 9 is a side elevation of an inner forward tubular portion and associated parts, of the pencil, the features shown in Fig. 9 being disposed within the forward portion of the exterior barrel or'casing;

Fig. 10 is a side elevation, partly in sec.

tion, of an inner rear tubular portion of the pencil, with associated parts, to be inserted into the rear part of the exterior barrel of the pencil, Fig. -10 also illustrating the exposed end cap ofthe pencil swiveled to said rear tubular portion.

Figs. 11, 12 and' 13 show the respective Vparts of the lead. holding and actuating .mechanism finally disposed centrally within the-pencil, these parts when inserted within the pencil being assembled in longitudinal relationinthe manner hereinafter described Fig. 14 is a vertical transverse section, on an enlarged scale, through the'pencil, taken on the dottedline 14-14 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 15 is a corresponding section through the pencil, taken on the dotted line 15'-15 of Fig. 1. S

The pencil comprises four main tubular members 1.0, 11, 12 and 13, the member 13 with the member 11 and carried thereby.

The member 10 constitutes the exterior shell or casing of the .pencil and is preferably in one integral tube tapered at its forward end to form a tip-member 14 through the forward end of which the lead 15 is pro'-y jected, when desired, for writing purposes. The rear 'end'ofthe casing'membery 10 is normally closed by a cap 16 whose details will be .hereinafter described and which, by means of a yoke 17, is swiveled to the tubular member 12, said member 12 having elongated openings 18 in itsopposite sides to receive the forwardly bent ends 19 of the side arms 119 of said yoke and permit said'yoke with the c'ap 16, tohave a longitudinal movement when pressed toward the rear end of the casing 10 or tothe position shown in Fig. 1 or drawn outwardly therefromy preparatory to being swung' downwardly to the position .shown in Figs. 4 and l0 to expose the eraser 20 which plugs the rear end of the tubular member 12.

The tubular member 12 is a plain cyliu drical barrel having theopenings 18 near its lrear end and at its front end being secured in an annular recess 2l formed on the rear end ofv a nut 22 which contains a spirally threaded hole 23 in line with the longitudinal center of the tube 12 and a hollow central portion 24 constituting a recess to freely receive the rear end of the tubular member 13, as shown in Fig. 1. The nut 22 has rounded exterior forward edges 25 and in rear thereof is formed with an annular rounded groove 26. The spirally threaded hole 23 in the nut 22 cooperates with the longitudinally movable spiral rod 27, as hereinafter described and the forward end of the nut 22 enters and interlocks with the rear end of the tubular member 11,

nularly groovedl portion 29 of the tube 11 upon the nut 22 and into the annular recess 26 thereof. In the assembly of the parts the nut maybe forced .into the rear end of the forward tubular member 11 and' when therein said nutserves to interlock the tubular members 11, 12 to ether and permit the member 12to have ree rotary vagainst the inner walls of the shell or casing 10. The tube 11 is preferably slotted, in its opposite sides, as at 28, and at its forward portion is of reduced diameter or olfset inwardly, as at 129, and continued forwardly, as at 30, said portion'30 forming a concentric tube which projects into the forward tapered portion or tip 14 of the shell or casing 10. -Tl1e offset portion 129 of the tube 11 constitutes a shoulder which engages the rear end of the tapered portion or tip 14 of the tube or casing 10, said shoulder serving to seat the tube 11 at its forward portion firmly within the shell or casing 10 -and prevent forward motion of the tube 11.

then forcing said tube ll-'into the shell orl casing 10, the inner walls of which act against the initial bulge of the sides of the tube 11 and firmly engagesaid sides. The

slots 28 permit me to bulge the opposite sides of the tube l1 outwardly to a slight extent before driving said tube into the shell or casing 10.

The tubular member 13 is concentrically within' the tube l1 and its member 30 of reduced diameter, and at its rear end said tube 13 freely enters within the recess 24 of the nut 22, while at its forward portion said tube 13. fits closely within the auxiliary tube 30 and projects forwardly beyond the same, as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 9, and is turned inwardly at its forward extremity to form-an annular flange 31. The tubular member 13 is polygonal' in cross-section, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 9 and 15, and is preferably secured within the auxiliary portion 30 of the tube 11 by solder 32, as shown in Fig. 15, whereby the tubular members 11, 13 become a unit and may be handled as one part and both become stationary within the outer casing 10 by reason of the engage: ment of the inner walls of said casing wlth the tube `11.l

The operative mechanism occupying a central longitudinal position within the pencil and by means of which the lead is propelled forwardly of retracted rearwardly on the rotation in one direction or the other of the tube 12, is shown detached in Figs, 11, 12,

13 and consists of a spirally threaded rod or screw 27 having on its forward end a polygonal head 33 containing `a threaded recess 34, a propeller rod 35 threaded on its rear end tobe screwed intofsaid recess 34 and having on its forward end a head or section 36 of somewhat greater diameter than the body of the rod35, a coiled spring 37 confined on the rod 35 (Fig.2), and a tubular lead-clutch or member 38 which has on its rearend a polygonal head 39 (Fig. 1) and forwardly projecting slit sides 40 to grasp the lead 15. The head 39 has a hole 41 4in it, and in the assembly o-f the parts the bare rod 35 is, starting at its rear threaded end, inserted into the clutch member 38 from the forward end thereof and through the hole 11 until the head 36 on said rod abutS against 'the inner surface of the head 39 at said hole, and thereafter the spring 37 is placed upon the rod 35 and compressed to some extent thereon, where-upon the threaded rear lend ofthe rod 35 is screwed into the recess 34 of the head 33 'on the spirally threaded rod or screw 27, the spring 37 then being confined between the head 39 of the clutch member38 and the head 33 on the rod or screw 27... The head 36 on the rod 35 is adapted to have longitudinal movement within the 4clutch member'38 and lat its forward end directly engages the end of the lead 15, as shown in Fig. 2.

The polygonal head 33 on the rod or screw 27 and the polygonal head 39 on the clutch member 38 conform to the interior Cross-section of the polygonal tube 13 within 'which they are p1aced,as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the forward edge of the head 39 being pressed against the forward flange 31 on the end of said tube by the spring 37 ,and said flange servingas a stop to restrain the clutch member within the tube 13. The heads 33, 39 are prevented from rotating within the tube 13 by reason of the polygonal crosssection of said heads and tube, and hence the screw or rod 27, rod 3 5`and clutch member 38 can have no rotary motion.4 The heads 33, 39 may, however, have longitudinal sliding-movement within the tube 13, and in Figs. 1 and 2 1 illustrate said heads in two positions. The means for propelling the heads 33, 39 and with them the rod 35 and clutch member 38, forwardly to expose or wholly eject the lead 15 and for retracting said headsrod and clutch member to withdraw the lead into\ the pencil, consist of the rotary tube 12, nut 22 and rod or screw 27, said rod or screw moving forwardly when the said tubeand nut are turned in one direction and rearwardly when said tube and nutv are turned .or rotated in the reverse direction. The clutch member 38 will permit the lead 15 to be forced through it for exposure or expelling purposes but will, by reason"l of-its spring sides, suiiciently bind against the lead to withdraw the. lead into the pencil when the said member 38, rod' 35 and rodor screw 27 are vretracted inwardly. `The clutch member 38, rod 35 and screw 27 move forwardly with substantial uniformity until the head 39 meets the stop flange 31, and during this movement the head 36 on ,the rod 35 exerts a yielding pressure on the lead due to the presence of the spring 37 between the member 38 and head 33, and this is a feature of advantage and avoids a harsh action against and the breaking o f the leads.

After a lead has become unduly short and it is desired to expel the same entirely from the pencil, the tube 12andfnut 22 are turned to propel the rod 35 and clutch member 38 forwardly until the head 39 on said clutch member reaches the stop flange 31 on the tube member 13 and are then further turned in the same direction to propel the rod 35 and its head 36 along through the clutch until said piece has been expelled, this `operation of the parts being indicated in Fig. 2. During this final forward propelling movement of the rod 35 and its head 36 to expel the lead, the clutch member 38 becomes 4member 38 and against the piece of lead 15 arrested by the flange 31 and the spring 37 becomes compressed between the clutch member and Lthe head 33, which travelsforwardly with the rod 35, and this compression `of the spring permits the rod 35 to continue in movement beyond its normal throw while the clutch member 38 is stationary. The.

spring 37 normally acts to press the clutch member 38 forwardly against the rear end of thehead 36 on the rod 35, but when the clutch member becomes arrested by the flange 31, said spring by becoming compressed permits the rod 35 to continue in forward movement for exposing or expelling the piece of lead. 4

rlhe rotation of the tubular member 12 and nut 22 to cause the traveling movement of the rod or screw 27 and its connected parts, is effected by holding the'` main casing 10 stationary and turning, with the thumb and linger, the cap 16 when said cap .is in its operative position at the rear end of said casing, as' shown in Fig. `1.

rllhe cap 16 and'yoke 17 are of special construction. The yoke 17 consists of two side arms 119 whose forward ends 19 freely enter the slots 1.8 of the tube 12 and a disk head '5 0 which connects the rear ends of s aid arms .inwardly on said'yoke and the rear end of f the tube'12vto the positiony shown in ig. 1 and outwardly from saidtube 12 and partly fromy 0H the yoke 17 to the position shown in Fig. 3, after which the cap andyoke may be turned downwardly, as shown vin Fig. 4, clear of the eraser 20. The cap 16 providesl Cil a chamber for the outer portion of the eraser 20, and when the cap and yoke are turned to a. horizontal posit-ion while ,extended in a direction from each other (Fig. 3), the cap 5 may be pushed forwardly on the yoke 17 and tube 12 and will push the yoke for wardly until the bent end portions 19 of the yoke slide to the forward ends of the slots 18 and pass below theouter edges of the main casing 10, the whole then taking the position shown in Fig. 1. lVhen the cap 16 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, it. will be utilized as a key for rotating the tube 12, and at this time the indented lugs 53 5 will perform their second function. to-wit: that of engaging the arms 119 and through said arms imparting the rotary movement of said cap `to the tube 12 for actuating the screw 27 and parts associated therewith, -said lugs 53 engaging diagonally opposite edges of said arms when the cap 16 is turned clockwise and the other diagonally opposite edges of said arms when the cap is turned counter-clockwise. The cap 16 and yoke 17, thus serve as means for turning the tube 12 in either direction and the cap 16 serves as a finish for the rear end of the pencil and also affords a chamber concealing the eraser 20. The cap 16 is pulledv outwardly and then turned downwardly (Fig. 4) when the eraser 20 is to'be used or when the eraser is to be detached for* exposing the chamber for reserve leads in the tube 12. f

I haveA hereinbefore explained the man- 5 ner yof assembling the screw 27, rod 35, spring 37- and clutch member 38 into one connected part, and when these features havey been assembled as described, the screw 27 may be screwed into and through the`nut 22 to the requisite extent and thereupon the clutch member38, rod 35, spring 37, head 33 and forward end of the screw 27 will'be moved forwardly intoythe hexagonal or polygonal tube 13 and the forward'end of the nut 22 will be forced into the rear end of the tube 11, thus assembling all the interior parts of the `pencil quickly and into unit form.

The exterior casing will then be pushed in a rearward direction over said assembled 0 interior parts, and finally the eraser 2O will be applied and the cap 16 and yoke 17 will be turned upwardly and then pushed forwardly on the tube 12 and to their fina-l position shown in Fig. 1.v

` 5 The lead 15 will be inserted through the forward end of the tip 14 and into the forward portion of the polygonal tube and within the clutch member 38 up to the forward end of the head 36 on the rod 35, as shown 0 i'n Fig. 1 and said lead may be projected and retracted or wholly expelled, as may be desired, by the rotation of the head 16 and tube l2 in the manner hereinbefore fully ex- What l claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A. lead pencil comprising an exterior casing having at its forward end a tip-member, a rear rotary tube therein equipped with a. spirally threaded nut and having an operating head at its rear end, a forward nonrotary tube detachably connected with said rotary tube, a tube polygonal in cross-section extending through said forward tube and rigid therewith and being partly closed at its forward end, a spirally threaded rod extending through said nut and movable longitudinally therefrom and having on its forward end a polygonal head to guide within said polygonal tube. a propeller rod connected with and extending forwardly from said polygonal head, a tubular lead-holding member adapted to receive the writinglead and slidable wit-hin said polygonal tube and having a head to prevent its escape therefrom, and a coiled spring on said rod engaging said lead-holding member head and said polygonal head, said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in the head of) said lead-holding member and having a vhead on its forward end to engage the lead said rotary tube and having a forward t-ubu-y lar extension 4of reduced diameter projected into said tip member, a'tube polygonal in cross-section extending through said tubular extension and rigid therewith and being partly closed atI its forward end, a spirally threaded rod extending through said nut and movable longitudinally therefrom and having on its forward end a polygonal guiding head within said polygonal tube, a propeller rod connected with and extending forwardly from said polygonal head, a tubular clutch member adapted to receive the writing-lead and slidable within said polygonal tube and having a polygonal head preventing its escape therefrom, and a coiled spring on said rod engaging said clutch member head and saidv guiding head, said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in the head of said clutch member and having a head on its forward end to engage the lead and expel the same and also at the proper time for drawing said clutch member rearwardly along said polygonal tube,

said propeller rod being adapted when the V clutchV member is arrested at the end of the polygonal tube 4to continue infmotion to ex-l pel the lead, said spring then being compressed between saidv clutch member and said polygonal guiding head.

3. A lead pencil comprising an exterior casing having at its forward end a tip-member, a rear rotary tube therein equipped with a spirally threaded annularly grooved nut at its forward end and having an operating head at its rear end, a forward non-rotary tube having a split and grooved rear end to be sprung upon said nut and engage the groove thereof, atube polygonal in crosssection extending through said forward tube and rigid therewith and being partly closed at its l.forward end, al spirally threaded rodex-tending through Said nut\and movable longitudinally therefrom and having on its forward end a polygonal head to guide within said .polygonal tube, a propellerl rodA connectedv with and extending forwardly from said polygonal head, a tubular clutch member adapted to receive the writingdead and slidable within said polygonal tube and having a head to prevent its escape therefrom, and a coiled spring on said rod engaging said clutch member head and said polygonal head,said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in the head of said clutch member and having a. head on its forward end to engagethe lead and slidable within said clutch member.

i LA lead pencil Acomprising an exteriorcasing having, at its forward end a tip-member, a rear rotary tubev therein equipped with a spirally threaded nut and having an operating head, a sp-irally threaded rod extending through said nut and mo-vable longitudinally therefrom and having on its f0r`y ward end a guiding head, a forward stationary tube receiving said head and partly closed at its forward end, a propeller rod connected with said guidinglhead and .exe tending forward-ly within said forward tube,

- a tubular lead-holding member adapted to receive the writingllead and slidable within said forward ytube -and having a head to prevent its escape therefrom, and a coiled spring on said rod engagingsaid lead-holding member and said guiding head, said propeller .rod 'extending frowardly througha hole in the head of Asaid lead-holding'member and having a'l head on its forward endv to engage the leady and slidable within said member, said propeller rod being adapted when the lead-holding member is arrested at the end of said forward tube to continue in mot-ion to expel the remaining piece of lead,

.said spring then being comp-ressedbetween Said guidinghead and thelead-homing member. y

5. A lead pencil of the propeller type comprising aspirally threaded rod adapted spring on said propeller rod between said guiding head and said lead-holding mem ber, sald propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in the head of said-member and having a head on its forward end slidable within said member, said propeller rod being adapted when said member has become arrested to continue in motion to expel the remaining piece of lead, said spring then bein compressed between said member and said ead.

i t6. .A lead pencil comprising a spirally threaded rod adapted for longitudinal movement, rotary threaded means engaging said rod and havi'ngmeans for the manual rotation of the same, a vpolygonal guiding head on said rod, a polygonal tube receiving said head, ,a propeller rod connected with said head,`a lead holding clutch-member slidable within said polygonal tube and having a rear head end, and a coiled spring onsaid propellerrod between said guiding head and said lead-holding member, said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in the head of said member'and having a head on' its forward end slidable within said member, said propeller rod being adapted when said member has become arrested t0 continue in motion to expel the remaining piece of lead, said spring then being compressed' between said member and said head.

7. A lead pencil comprisinga propeller rod on the rear end of which is a guidin head, a tube `,receiving said head and ro means for imparting longitudinal movement to `said head and rod, a lead holding member slidable within said tubeV and having a rear head end therein, anda coiled spring on said propeller rod between said guiding head and said lead-holding member, said propeller rod extending forwardly through a hole in the head of said member and havinga head omits forward end slidable within said lmember-,said propeller rod being adapted when said member has become arrested to continue, in motion to expel'the remaining pieced of lead, said spring then being compressed between saidmember and said head. Y'

8. A lead pencil comprising a propeller vrod on the rear end of whichzis a polygonal ilo rested to continue in motion to expel the remaining piece of lead, said spring then 10 being compressedv between said member and said head.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 7th day of February, A. D. 1922. f\-

' ABRAHAM POLLIAK.l

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