US1441450A - Poppet valve for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 9, i923 1,441,450.

G. HI RECH. FUIPU VALVE Hm INEHNfaL CQMBUSHUN ENGINES. man 01:1". ila i922 4 p E ,MMS PATENT FFECE.

GEORGE B.. RICH, OF LOS AGELES, CALIFORNIA.

POPPET VALVE FOR INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application fated October 18, 1922. Serial No. 595.289.

l@ it known thut l, lrzouur: ll. ilu-n, u ritizvn ol' tho lluitirl Status. :nul n rvsiihut oll lios Angelus. Los Anm-los touuty. :zml Slutv of ('nliforuin. hun' iurontotl rox-tuin now :zuil usc-lul Inon'orullwuts in loppi't Yuh'vs l'or lutvrnul-(`o1nlustion llnginvs. of which llnfollowing'A is ilvrlurril to hu u I'ull1 clear. um] umn-tV lc-srriptiou..

This invention rclutt's lo poppot rulrvs for intorno! rornhustion rnginos. :nul its prin- L-,ipnl ohjurt is to inirozisv tho vllirit-nry of znoilcrntvly low prirwl volvi-s ul' this typo. Tlv.: ordinary forged onhnnlnuroil stvvl or eroine-nirkvl-storl vulves1 whih` rouipzlrntively iuuxpl-nsiru as roiupnrril with `higflur grulns oll vulves` lo not uithbhuul the. high temperatures ill-.rolopml in internal roinhustion ouginvs. the. hot gansos www away the tops nucl hottoiusl of thvl volvi' lninls in n short spul-r of tinu` mul the hviiils wurp` with llw rt'sult that. ul'trr th(l \'u|\ls-lut\u hrm uslcl l'or u. short, spurt'. of tion'. thvy lo not .sont prolmrly, tln'lihy ullowin; r thx,l ro|n hostihlu gnsvs lo luuk post thu rnlrvs. which rvsults in poor rolnpl'tssion und loss of.'

powir.

i'iiony grozltrtl'orts hure horn uuulr to oyoloonu this nlillii'ulty, lult whvu Llul rouipiis'rtion olt the rulvo is iniprorlil. its rosl' ,i.= 'nwronswl inulciug'ils osu prohihitivtl in tin; rin-opor or lowvr prii-Lil :lutolnollilo motors. (hw ol Ilnohjorts ol' this iurontion islo rr.- ilui'u l lul vost olA umnul'nrlurtol' poppvt rnlvus :unl :il ilu` Asoun tim(l to heug'xln-n thvir lil'o olI |ir-'rl'ulnvssA 1Yith thtsr nuls in vii-w. thisI inrvnlion ponsists in n poppvl' vulve l'or iutvrnul voui` hustion vngiuvs. in whit-h thu lop :nul hottoui l'au'rs ol' immun-rml rnlru-hoinls nro lcl'l; in lhrir noi-unil or nnlurul vonilitiou. :ll'trr hl:- in#r formi-1|. inshnll ol living nuufhiulul nwny, llurrh); |n'oriiling`r n innuuurtul. non-porous protrriw raising' or vorming For thil mor(` porousl ninlrrlriln: :nul iutvrior portions ol tinl hruil. :unl lhvrrlrr prottrtixn: thorn*4 i|l lrrunl portions u wriust llu` ihslriutire rf- I'wts ot' tho hoi ,rusos passing orvr-thoni. lln inrvutiou furllwr vousists iu lluI .suvrrul norol Tunturi-s livrviuul'tvr fully srt, l'orth zuil rlniunil.

'l`lw inroruiou is rhu-rly illustrnhil in tho nrwuopnoyingr ilrnwiugr. iu whirh:

is :ru cull Yivw thortof looking in the dirrttiou of tho url'ow 2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is :in euml vivw looking iu tho dirvi-tion of tho :li-row Il iii l"i .:sinil Fig. 4 is n frnguluutnl. ventral, longitudinal sertion token on the lilul-l of Fig. l.

[iufm-ring to suitl drawing. the rofl-rence c-hnrmtur :i lhsiguntos n i'uirc stenruml thv lnzul of n puppet vulrc culhoilying ono forni of the prrstnt invention.' TheI stem :unl lusul nrc forxurrl of n singlry pvre of mutui .sut-h us sttvL for institut-o. cronienin-lwI-sh'vl. 'lho hvzul is of the iisunl disk llcv form :nul its seating furie. T is hvvehll :is usuali, to sont upon the volvo sont; of the motor hlm-k. 'l`lu- Iowt-r und of tho rulrc stom muy he formell with un nprrturc h to rui-vivo n rotti-.r pin, or it only ou formell with nu unnulur rIrl-novia t) to receive :i washer, vithvr heini: used for the purpose of retaining thev usual vulve Spring, us is well 1111 lerstood.

ln construi-tin;4 :i vulve embodying the n'rscnt inrvution` u. steel rod of the proper ngth is hunted to the proper temperature :nul om` vnd tlwreof is upset to form an enlurtrniunt nt that und und afterwards the rml is 4rvhontvil und thvl enlarged end is phn'ctl in a power hammer containing suitfuhlv nlvs for forming the head, und the; enhr1-goil portion is than hummered'on't/'to l'orlu thv disk like head (i of the desired thiclun'ss for th. finsht'ul rulve.

Tho rolijv hvml is hnnnnred until the telnpcrnturo of 4thu pieve hns fullen to n pointI whru il' no lougur retains its plastic stutv .wht-roby [lu: top und hottoln surl'nro portions '.ol' lhv hvzul houomos smooth und of renter lions-ily llnm the internal portion. 'lopzunl holtoiu smooth unbroken surfaces n ro therelrv proriiloll in which the poros ol' the motul are przuflirully rlosvd unil no approvi-ohio srnh is formell.

'llu odge ot' thv ln-znl, nucl the untire sloin :irtl tlurezlfter machined to form the hurolel honrin, Y foce i' and the round stom. .lho top face l() nml tho bottom faire 1l of the liv-.nl urkl not luovhinell. lult those parts :ire loft in thvir unturnl or norniul smooth, unhrokvu. non-porous condition which -is imparted to thru) hy tho lm uuicr. These surfzuvs ure` illustrntvll`lrr tlul right lino .slnuliufj` in Figs. l. 'i :nul Il of tinl ilrnwiug.

lhttop :unl hotloln foros ol' thel volvo hi-:ul living' iil't in lhviruorunll or uoturul smooth. uuhrolun` uon|n rous condition after being subjected to the influence of the hummer, they effectively resist the action of the hot gases in internal combustion engines and uct as a protective agency against the more porous portions of the interior of the head, which, if exposed to the direct influence of the hot gases, are soon enten away, whereby the head becomes thinned out und warps, thereby seating imperfectly upon the valve seat und permittiner the gases to leak hy the valve.

In the ordinary practice of making vulves, enough metal is provided to t'orm -u vulve hlnnli whose dimensions are somewhat greater than those of the finished vulve, und ull of the fares of the vulve blank are machined to produce a valve of given dimensions. When the top und bottom faces ot' the vulve head are machined, the denser portions :1re machined away :1nd the more, porous portions of the metal ure exposed to the destructive influence of the hot fases and are liable to rapid deterioration. i'lorcover, there is a great deal of metall Wasted in machinimf down the entire, vulve. In actual practice have found that with valves made of substantially the size of the one shown in the drawing, seven vulves can be made from the same amount ol stock as six valves could formerly he made when they were machined all over. This menus a great saving of material and consequently n great reduction in the cost of manufacture. Moreover, when the top und bottom feces of the valve. head are protected against the destructive infiuenee of the hot ases, the life of the valve is increased, materially, and when it does become worn out and u new one must he -substituted for it, this may he done economically because of the low 40 price for which valves containing the present invention ma)7 be had.

More or less variation of the exact details of construction is possible without departing from the spirit of this invention; I desire, therefore, not to limit myself to the exact form of thoconstruction shown and described, but intend, in the following claim, to point out all of the invention disclosed herein.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

As a new article of manufacture, a puppet valve for internal combustion engines, .comprisinv. un unhammered steel stem and a disk-lille head hammered from a. single piero oi material, the hammered disk-bke head being of greater density than the stem sind head having hammered unmachinerl to und bottom surface portions which are reiiitively hard and nonl porous with re-V spect to the internal portion, thereof,- and Ismooth und unbroken, and which surfaces Forni protective coverings for the interna-l relatively porous portion during exposure i5 of the valve to hot gases.

GEORGE R. RICH.

Images