US1434078A - cutting - Google Patents

Description

APPLICATION FILED NOV-22, 1920.

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E WA 1P0 M/LTD N MLDEY O/P/VEK E. M. WILDEY. MACHINE FOR USE IN RELIEVING, CUTTING, SHAPING, PROFILING, AND THE LIKE PROCESSES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.22, 1920. 1,434,078, Patented Oct. 31, 1922.

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A TTOFW 5% v E. M. WILDEY. MACHINE FOR USE IN RELIEVING, CUTTING, SHAPING, PROFILING, AND THE LIKE PROCESSES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-22. I920.

Patented Oct. 31, 1922.

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Patented Oct. 31, 1922.

UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

EDWARD MILTON WILDEY, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR USE IN RELIEVING, CUTTING, SHAPING, PROFILING, AND THE LIKE PROCESSES.

Application filed November 22, 1920. Serial No. 425,762.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD MrL'roN VVILDn-Y, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Machines for Use in. Relieving, Cutting, Shaping, Profiling, and the like Processes, of which the follow ing is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in and relating to machines for use in cutting, sl1aping,' profiling and the like processes, having a pivotally mounted tool-holder and means such as a cam element for imparting an oscillating movement thereto.

The invention is particularly adapted for use in machines for relief cutting and shaping or formingwork, such as gear cutters, reamers, hobs, but is also adapted to operate with other machines of the general character above referred to.

The invention is particularly adapted for use in machines for relief euttii'ig and shaping or forming work, such as gear cutters,

-' reamers, hobs, but is also adapted to operate with other machines of the general character above referred to.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved apparatus which may be used as an attachment to a lathe or as an independent machine, whereby machine processes of the kind hereinabove referred to can be eiiiciently and economically carried out.

Under the present invention the magnitude of the angular oscillations of the toolholder is varied independently of the shape of the cam element for imparting an oscillating movement to the tool-holder. Thus in appz'iratus of the kind. set forth having a pivotally mounted tool-holder and means such as a cam element for imparting an oscillating movement thereto, there is provided co-operating connecting mechanism between the tool-holder and the cam ele' ment with adjustment for varying the magnitude of the angular oscillations of the tool-holder, so that, for example, the amount of relief can be varied at will quite independently of the cam element.

Further with connecting mechanism according to the present invention for impart mg movement to the tool-holder, and connected thereto so that a pull over of the holder is imparted in lieu of the customary push over, rigidity of the tool-holder is ensured and chattering eliminated.

Advantages under the present invention comprise a remarkable speed of production as a manufacturing machine tool. general. utility in the workshop; its adaptability for a number of operations that would otherwise require special machines; and in the form of the invention hereinafter described and illustrated in the drawings a comparatively inexpensive attachment which enables relieving work to be carried out on an ordinary lathe. I

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the present invent-ion in the form of a relieving attachment for a lathe.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is an end view in the direction of the arrow A, Fig. 3, Fig. 2 an end view in the direction of the arrow B, Fig. 3, Fig. 3 a front view, Fig. 4: a back view, Fig. a plan view, Fig. 6 a sectional plan view on the line CC, Fig. 2, and Fig. 7 is a plan .of a rocking arm hereinafter referred to.

A relieving attachment for a lathe illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprises a base plate 1 fastened to the first slide on the lathe saddle. On the plate '1. is slidahly mounted a bracket 2 adjustably positioned by a fitting strip 3. On. a shaft 4, mountedin the lower front portion of the bracket 2 and extending through each. side thereof, is pivotally mounted a rocking tool-holder 5. The cutting tool (3 i held in the tool holder 5 by means of a set screw 7. Suitable provision is made for packing up the tool to keep the cutting edge in an effective position. At each end of the shaft l is an adjustable cap 8, 8, locked in position by set screws 9, 9. The caps 8, 8, fit closely into recesses 10, 10, of the base plate and support the outer ends of the shaft 4. The tool holder is given a rocking movement on the shaft 4 by means of a link 11 one end of which is secured to Cir the tool holder by a bolt 12, and the other end is mounted on a sliding bolt 13 which is adjustably carried in a T shaped slot of an arm 14. This arm 14: integral with or fixed to a shaft 15 mounted in the upper part of the bracket 2 and projects therethrough.

Mounted in the bracket 2 is a hollow shaft 16 having a universal joint in the form of a ring 17 supported by trunnions 18 in the wall of the shaft '16. The ring17 supports a second ring 19 by trunnions 20. This ring 19 carries a shaft 21. ii sleeve 22 is slidably keyed to the shaft 21. The outer end of the sleeve 22 is suitably mounted for drive by the lathe spindle, and rotates at the same speed and in the same direction as the lathe spindle.

On the shaft 15 is keyed by its boss a lover or arm carrying at its other end on a bolt 24. one end of a link 25, theother end of this link being formed as a hook 526. The hook 26 is supported by a bolt 27 which is adjustable in. a T shaped slot 28 in a rocking arm 125). The arm 29 has'a boss 30 by which it is mounted on a stud or shaft 31, and a projection 32 for limiting its movement in one direction by contact with a stud or catch 33.

Adjustably secured on the boss 30 of the arm 29 is a second arm 234i which carries a linger or peg The finger or peg 35 is arranged to be adjustable lengthwise. The arms 29 and 84 form a bell crank lever arrangement.

On the end of the hollow shaft 16 is fixed a multiple-tooth cam wheel or disc 36, this cam. wheel rotating in the same direction as the lathe spindle by virtue of the intervening drive mechanism. The cam wheel 36 operates to impart a rocking movement to the tool holder as will be hereinafter described.

The number of teeth in the cam wheel 36 correspond to those in the cutter being); relieved or the flutes being cut.

The position of the arm 3-1 cari.' ing the linger or peg 35 can be altered by movement around the boss 30 of the arm 29.

Advancement towards the work axis is made by the tool for every tooth of the cam wheel that successively engages with the finger or peg 35. As each tooth passes the peg the tool, through the intervening mech anism, is returned to its outward position.

A. spring 38 attached at one end to the bracket 2 and at the other end to the rocking tool holder 5 assists in returning the latter to normal position at the end of its rocking movement.

A spring 89 operating on the projection 32 of the arm 29 also functions to assist in the apid retraction of the tool-holder, this retraction taking place when the finger or peg 35 is pushed out of engagement.

The base plate 1 carries at one end in a lug a screw 41, the other end oi which screw fits into a screwed portion 4-2 of the bracket 2, thus providing means for adjusting the bracket along the base plate 1.

The connection bet-ween the rocking arm 29 and the lever or arm 28 may be broken down by removing the hook 26 from the bolt 27, this allowing free movement of the shaft for the purpose of moving the tool out of contact with the work without altering the position of the tool in the holder.

Referring to the rocking arm 29 it will be seenv that it is orovided with a part circular slot 28 whereby the pivot of the connecting link may be set at val-yin distance. from the center of the stud. or shaft 31. in this way the amount of relief imparted to the work by the motion of the rocking tool holder can be varied from zero up to the maximum provided by the device. it will be obvious that when the link is set at that end of the slot 28 remote from the stud or shaft 31 the maximum relief: is obtained, the amount of relief gradually decreasing until the link 25 is set in alignment with the stud or shaft 31 which corresponds to the ZGl'O setting.

As shewn .in Fig. 2 a scale 29 is provided on the arm 29, the ligitires giving the amount of relief in millimetres.

The setting of the link 25 in the slot of the working arm 29 is all that is necessary when the device is to work with *ams bearing the same number of teeth, for example 16. But when a particular piece of work necessitates a change of the cam to one bearing a-different number of teeth, say for ex ample 8, it is necessary to compensate for the extent of movement whereby a correct amount of relief is obtained, as it is obvious that cams having different numbers of teeth will give varying movements to the bell. crank arrangement 29, Thus the setting of thelink .25 for a relief of two millimetres with a cam of 16 teeth will not be correct when a cam of 8 teeth is used. To overcome this objection a compensating scale ti. is placed on the slotted arm it. This scale is so arranged that pointer 13 coincides therewith, each mark on the scale representing: a cam with a given number of teeth. The pointer 13 moves in unison with the link bolt 3 in the slot 141-. The greater the number of teeth in the cam 36 the further away the bolt 13 is placed from the axis of the shaft 15, so that a. greater movement of the tool holder will be effected and therefore compensation is provided for the smaller movement imparted by the increased number of teeth on the cam wheel 36.

From the above it will be understood that the scale 29 provides for the settii r of the parts to give a determined range relief for a particular cam, andv the scale 42 acts as a guide for settingthe parts to allow of a compensating movement .for cams having different numbers of teeth. Thus the scale 29 may be identified as the relief scale, and the scale 42 as the compensating or teeth scale.

For imparting a to andfro movement to the tool holder 5 alon its supporting shaft 4, the arm 23 has provi ed on a part of its boss gear teeth 44 engaging gear teeth 45 on a boss 47 of an arm 46 which arm is loosely mounted by its boss 47 on a stud or shaft 48 fixedin the bracket 2. The boss 47. is housed. between ball thrust bearings 49. The lower portion of the arm 46 carries a roller bearin 50. The rocking tool holder 5 is provider. at the upper part adjacent to the arm 46, with a recess 51 having an adjustable block 52 therein. The block is so fashioned as by a slot or groove 53 that the roller-bearing 50 of the arm 46 projects therein and co-acts therewith.

The block being adjustable in the recess 51. the slot or groove 53 can be set at any angle relative to the axis of the shaft 4 on which the tool holder rocks, so that upon movement of the arm 46 the tool holder 5, through the medium of the walls of the slot or groove 53, is moved to and fro along its supporting shaft.

Toassist in returning the tool holder 5 to its initial position after each sliding movement-along the supporting shaft, there may be provided oneach side of the bracket 2 a recessed boss 54l1ousing a spring 55 hearing on a sliding cap or cover 56. Adjacent to the cap or cover and on the rocking tool holder is a screw fitting 57 carrying a ball 58 bearing against the cap or cover 56. The screw fitting 57 is for the purpose of :uljusting the pressure of the spring 55.

When imparting sliding movement to the tool holder along the supporting shaft it is llf'itSSillfy to slack back one of the caps 8 on theshai't 4 in the direction it is desired to move the tool holder 5. The other cap remains in its normal position and serves as a stop for the tool holder upon its return to initial position.

The mounting of the link 11 is such that the parts will accommodate themselves to the to and :fro sliding movement oi? the tool holder.

The general operation of the attachment illustrated is as follows Motion is transmitted from the lathe spindle through the sleeve 22 and allied parts to the multiple tooth cam wheel 36. The teeth of the cam wheel 36 successively engage the finger or peg 35 and thus impart an os-' cillatory movement to the bell-crank mechanism Q9, 34 on the stud ll. Through the link 2:) and the arm 23; the shaft 15 and its slotted arm 14 is also oscillated, and the counecting link 11 thus imparts a rocking motion to the toolholder .5.

The tool holder may. at the same time be given a to and frosliding movement along its supporting shaft 4 11s previously described. I

An arrangement whereby spiral relieving is obtained is follows:-

On the driving sleeve is provided a key which for ordinary relieving (parallel flutes) engages with a straight keywa 21 in the shaft 21. For relieving spiral flutes theikey is withdrawn from the straight keyway and inserted in a spirally cut keyway, 21. the angle 01 spiral being that required in the work. The tool reciprocations, therefore, gain or-lose in phase with the uniformly rotating work, and the required spiral etlect is produced. Several differ ent spirals of the same hand may be cut in one shaft.

In another arrangement the work at the same time as itis given angular velocity m a have imparted thereto linear velocity.

The gearing for the multiple tooth cam wheel may be of equal ratio or varied up and down a zcording to the nature oi the work.

It is possibleto dispense with the multiple tooth ram wheel and substitute therefor a wheel havinga single cam, speeding up of the drive then being necessary. 7

When it is not desired to impart a to. and fro sliding movement to the tool holder, the means wherebythis is effected is rendered inoperative. Or the oscillation of the tool holder may be made in'operativeand the to and from motion only be used. This is effected hyplacing the sliding bolt 13 to zero position in the slot of the arm 14 whereby the link 11 is not acted on by the shaft 15. Or both motions can be made inoperative and the tool holder used as a slide rest.

Inside relieving i or hollow mills, threading dies, and the like can be effected bvthe use of a cranked tool. i I The finger or peg may be adjustable in length.

lVith a rocking tool holder according to the present invention the out can be continued close up to the radius face of the tooth, as a rapid retraction or withdrawal otf the cutting tool at the end of the cut is effected.

lVith an apparatus under the present in vei'ition face relief and :one side relief can be effected .in one operation. I ,F or ordinary turning the oscillating movement is dispensed with.

v lVhat I claim is r v 1. In apparatus for use inrelieving, cut? ting, shaping, profiling and the like'processes the combination of a pivotally n'iounted toolholder, a cam element for imparting an oscillating movement thereto, connecting merhanism between the tool-holder and the Cir .cam element and a segmental groove and setting block for varying the magnitude of the angular oscillations of the tool-hdlder.

Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 hereof having means operated by the connected mechanism for imparting a to and fro motion parallel or substantially parallel to the axis of the Work.

3. Apparatus for use in relieving, cutting, shaping, profiling and the like processes, comprising a pivotally mounted toolholder, a cam element, means for driving said cam element, and lever and link mechanism interposed between the toolholder and the cam elementand coupled to the "todl holder sub stantially as described.

-l-. X\.P1)lll' btll[-i for use in relieving, cutting, shaping, profiling and the like processes, comprising a rocking tool-"holder, a cam ele ment, means for driving said cam element, connecting mechanism interposed between the tool-holder and the cam element, and means dependent on the connecting mechanism for 'in'iparting a: to and fro motion parallel' to the axis ot the work, substantially as (h -scribed. I

Apparatus for use in relieving, cutting, shaping, profiling and the like processes, comprising in combination a rocking tool holder, a cam element, mechanism interposed between the tool holder and the cam element whereby the movement of the cam element controls the oscillation of the tool holder during the cut, and setting means for varying the amout oi? relief iu'iparted to the work.

6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8 hereof wherein the setting means for varying the amount of relief com-prisesa slotted piv oted element and a link element cooperating therewith.

7. Apparatus for use in relieving, cutting, shaping, profiling and the like processes, comprising in combination a rocking tool holder, a cam element, mechanism interposed. between the tool holder and the cam element whereby the movement of the cam element controls the oscillation of the tool holder during the cut, setting means for varying the amount of relief imparted to the work, and compensating means co-operating with the setting meansfor the purpose described.

8. In apparatus for use in relieving, cut ting, shaping, profiling and the like processes, the combination of a rocking tool holder, acutting toolcarriedthereby, a controlled feed for the tool holder during the cut, means for driving the said feed, and setting means for varying the amount of relief imparted to the work.

9. Apparatus for use in relieving, cutting, shaping. profiling and the like processes comprising in combination a base plate, a rocking tool holder mounted thereon, a cutting tool mounted thereon, a cutting tool carried by the tool holder, a cam component, means for imparting movement to said cam component, lever and link mechanism interposed between the cam component and the rocking tool holder and operative during the cut to advance or recede the cutting edge of the tool towards or from the axis of the work in an arcuate path, said mechanism being operated and controlled by said cam component and means 'tor returning the rocking tool holder to normal position at the end of the working stroke.

10. Apparatus for use in relieving. cutting, shaping, profiling and the like processes comprising 1I1'COIli1bfl'l1tll3l0ll a base plate,

a rocking tool holder ZHOHntQd thereon, a

tive during the cut to ad anceor recede the cutting edge of the tool towards or from the axis of the work in an arcuate path. said mechanism being operated and controlled by said cam component, means for returning the rocking tool holder to normal position at the end of the working stroke, and setting means for varying the amount of reliei. con sisting of a slotted pivoted element and a link element co-opera'ting therewith.

11. Apparatus :tor use in relieving. cu'tting, slia iin'g, profiling and the like proc- OSSQS'COIHPIHSHIg in combination a. base plate, a rocking tool holder mounted thereon, a cutting tool carried by the tool holder, a cam component, means for imparting movement to said cam component, lever and link mechanism interposed between thecam component and the rocking tool holder and 0p crative during the cut to advance or recede the cutting edge of the tool towards or from the axis of the work in an arcuate path, said n'iechanism being operated and controlled by said cam component, means for returning the rocking tool holder to normal position at the/end of the working stroke, and setting means for varying the amountof relief consisting of a pivoted element having a slot therein; 2111 indicating scale on said pivoted. element, a link element one end of which moves in the slot of the pivoted element, and compensating means co-operating with the setting means for the purposes described.

12. Apparatus for use in relieving, cutting, shaping, profiling and the like processes comprising incombination a base plate, a rocking tool holder mounted thereon, a

cutting tool carried by the tool holder, a

cam component, means for imparting movement to said cam component, lever and link mechanism interposed between the cam component and the rocking tool holder and operative during the cut to advance or recedc the tool holder at right angles to its rocking movement, said means beingoperated by the lever and link mechanism.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature. I

EDWARD MILTON VVILDEY.

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