US1432517A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Description

J. C. ARMSTRQNG.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 17', 1919.

L fiwo mm 0%. 17,1922.

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W W p J. C. ARMSTRONG.

VENTILATOB.

APPLICATION FILED JAIL. 1919- 1,432,517.. muted (M. 17919252 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

JAMES C. ARMSTRONG, OLE BELOIT, WISCONSIN.

VENTILATOR.

Application filed lanuary 17, 1919. Serial No. 271,676.

. a citizen of the United States of America,

and a resident of Beloit, countyof Rock, and State of Wisconsin, have invented certaln new and useful Improvements in Ventilators," of which the following is a specificationz- This invention. relates to wind-actuated eductors, and especially to suction ventilators of the general type adapted foruse on buildings and other exposed structures depending mainly on natural windage for movement of the air. Ventilators of this type, as heretofore constructed, have usually been more or less deficient respecting their capacity to effectually ventilate large bulldings and particularly to quickly remove large volumes of vitiated air in certain kinds of industrial plants, as for instance foundries, drying rooms and the like.

The main objects of this invention are to provide an improved form of ventilator of static construction and non-mechanlcal operation, adapted for efiicient operation by wind eduction regardless of the direction in which the out-door currents may be blowing and which shall always be effective on all sides, even including the windward s1de of the ventilator; to provide in a fluted ventilator of the character stated an improved form and arrangement of lateral wind fiues, disposed and arranged in a manner best adapted to induce an upward suction through the main eduction passage for effecting a most rapid withdrawal of the air from the room to be ventilated; and to provide a monitor type of ventilator of the general character described, adapted to be effective for all conditions of weather and to be operative without admitting the weather elements into the room to be ventilated.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is mainly section, at 11 on Fig. 2, of an oblong ventilator designed to'extend lengthwise along a longitudinal medial this invention, part of the front wall being broken away to expose the interior.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, the ventilator is monitor-like, being of 0b long rectangular shape and adapted for embodiment in large sizes suflicient to extend over the whole length, if desired, of a long building, such as a foundry, drying kiln or the like. It comprises mainly an upright educt1on flue 1 provided with enclosure walls 2, preferably constructed of sheet metal and mounted on a substantial base part 3, which may be of wood or structural metal, the latter being ordinarily assembled with and organlzed as a part of the ventilator, or in the case of the larger units if desired it may serve as a part of the roof structure, to which the said walls may be attached when the ventilator is installed. The said walls are to advantage inclined inward somewhat, being upwardly convergent to a greater or less degree whereby the horizontally impinging draft of air or wind is naturally deflected to some extent and directed upward.

This upward movement is assisted by a series of vertically disposed flutes or wind flues 4 arranged closely together along the outside of the ventilator walls, with their bases in contiguous alinement, said flutes being open at both ends, top and bottom, and having walls which are convergent upward, the lower ends having large intake apertures the edges or mouths 5 of which are arranged at an angle which is upwardly divergent from the wall of the ventilator and which is of about 4L5 degrees more or less, whereby the oncoming wind is gathered in freely at the lower end and is urged forcibly upward by its own pressure and momentum, and is consequently discharged at a high velocity from the narrow apices of the flutes adjacent to the upper edge of the eduction flue in most effective sucking relation thereto for inducing a ventilating draft.

In order thatthe elements may be excluded and the sucking influence of the. many upwardly moving parallel blasts of air from said flutes may be most effective for inducing upward eduction of air from the main ventilator shaft 1, a roof-like structure in the form of a cap or hood 6 is provided comprising mainly a pair of oppositely inclined complementary roof plates 7 spaced above the tops of said flutes, and correspondinglaterally disposed intermediate roof-like balfie plates or guide means 8 positioned about midway between the roof proper and the tops of said flutes, with downwardly 1nclined eduction passages 9 and 10 above and below respectively.

The several parts of the ventilator are held in rigid relation to one another by means of a structural frame 11. The cap 6 and baffle 8 are supported mainly by the frame uprights 12, and the cross bars 13, 14, 15, and 16 arranged in the form of rectangles serve to brace the roof plates, baffles and eduction flue top. The lower edges of the roof are supported by the inclined rods 17 and 18 extending upward and downward respectively from the lower edge of the baffle 8. The walls 2 are stiffened medially by cross rods 19 and a rib 19 extending around the interior, the latter being formed by the abutting inwardly turned flanges at the horizontal edges of adjoining wall plates.

Tn order to increase the efliciency'of said flutes, the upper edge of the wall 2 separating the eduction flue 1 and the wind flues 4 is notched in registry with said fiues as at 20, the notches preferably being V-shaped at their lower edges and the upper part being nearly square.

The walls of the flutes 4 on the inner side are constituted by the eduction flue wall 2, on the outside by a continuous siding sheet 21, and laterally by partitions 22 and convergent upward extensions 22 thereof for each fine, with dead spaces 23 between the upper ends of the inductors 4. The walls 2 and sidings 21 are mutually convergent toward the top, and this feature contributes to the upward restriction feature of the fines 4 whereby the discharge velocity of the induction currents is augmented.

When the wind strikes one side of the ventilator, as for instance the left side as shown in Fig. 2, the maximum pressure is exerted near the base of the ventilator adjacent to the roof of the building where the path of the air is most effectively blocked. The natural tendency is for the draft of air to move upwardly over the top of the ventilator, and in so doing, a large part of it is entrapped in the broadmouthed induction flutes and is discharged upward at high velocity from their tops as at 20. Here it divides, part passing across the ventilator and out on the opposite side, but a large part turning back over the outer edge of the flute and outward against the diminished pressure of the wind near the top of the ventilator and thence upward and over the top with the mainvolume of the wind. Owing to the laws governing the flow of fluids, there is also a .tendency to create a partial vacuum on the lee side of the ventilator, especially downward'and outward from the flutes on the lee side.

Owing to the shape and broad extent of the wind-receiving wall of my monitor ventilator, the impinging force of :the oncoming wind can be far more effectively applied or harnessed than has been possible with the small, round units commonly used heretofore. With small ventilator units scattered along the length of a roof, the wind largely divides horizontally at each ventilator and passes by on the sides of each unit, but with my improved monitor type, the wind force is conserved and appliedwith maximum upward efficiency, especially along the medial part of the ventilator.

Fig. 4 shows how the invention may be embodied in a circular form of ventilator-j Here the main wall 32 is frusto-conic'al eX- cept that the upper edge is notched at 20 substantially the same as shown on Fig. 2. The base 33 is circular. The flues 34 are similar to the lines 4 on Fig. 2. The hood "36 is conical. The roof plate 37 and the baffle 38 are circular instead of rectangular. The brace 85 rods 44, 45, and 46 hold the parts'in'rigid-relation. The siding strip 47 is also rustoconical and constitutes the outer'wall of each flue 34. I

The description and drawings have for clearness been purposely confined to but one specific embodiment of the invention, except that its application to a circular form has also been illustrated, but it will be understood that numerous other details ofthe constructions shown may be altered or omitted wit-houtdeparting from the spirit of this in-f vention as defined by thefol'lowing claims.

I claim:

1. A monitor ventilator comprising a central eduction flue of oblong rectangular shape and a plurality of surrounding induction flues arranged with a series on each side formed with restricted upper parts and arranged to receive the wind at their lower ends and to discharge ahigh-velocity draft at their upper ends, said flues being disposed contiguously side by side at their lower ends and with restricted upper ends spaced apart and arranged to distribute a series of upward air jets adj acent to the upper ends of said eduction flue.

2. A ventilator comprising a central eduction flue, a plurality of upwardly converging induction flues formed on the exterior of 115 said eduction fine with their lower ends contiguous and relatively large-so as to provide wide openings facing outward to receive oncoming wind currents, and with the upper ends restricted and spaced apart, said flues 120 providlng upwardly divergingv spaces between them, and a covering for said spaces whereby to shut off all communication with any part exterior thereto. V

8. Ar ventilator comprising an upright 125 eduction flue, the walls of which are provided with a series of notches located at inter-v vals along the upper edge in combination with a plurality of induction flues, the side and front walls of which are formed 'sepa- 130 upper corners of said notches, respectively, said flues providing upwardly diverging spaces between them, and a covering for said spaces whereby to shut off all communication with any part exterior thereto.

Signed at Beloit this 11 day of Jan, 1919.

JAMES C. ARMSTRONG.

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