US1427910A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

yW. R. QUlNN.

olL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.2Z, 1920.

PatentedSept. 5, 1922.

Patented Sept. 5, 1922,

STATES@ WELLIM E. QUINN, @E NEW YORK, N. Y.

OIL -EURNER Application tiled November 22, 1920. Serial No. 425,602.

To all whom; t concern Be itknown that I, WILLIAM R. QUINN, a

citizen of the United States of America, re-

siding at 242 West 52nd Street, New York,

NpY., have invented new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

M, invention relates to fuel or oil burners particularly of the type in which oil is fed under pressure to the burner in which it is broken up, and mixed with the aid of steam, or compressed air if preferred, the mixture of steam and oil being delivered at the burner tip in highly atomized condition Where it meets the air and is burned to create heat foruse under boilers, or otherwise.

' as asteam head and completely blocking the as desired..k

The main objgect of ,l my invention 1s to provide an improvement in the construction of burners in which the fuel or oil will beV .more thoroughly. atomized prior to its delivery from the burner tip, thus enabling it to be burned more efficiently, and makingit possible to obtain a greater amount of useful heat from a given quantity of fuel.

With the accomplishmentof this purpose inview, it is my object to provide means for spreading out the fuel oil into a thin lmA prior to its engagement' with the steam, thus overcoming the disadvantages that are present when small streamsoffuel are shot out into the steam, which streams of fuel normally break up into globules, which it is v*thereafter a very difcult, inatterv to break up and atomize finely. My invention also has for its object the provision of supplemental means for breaking up intostill finer particles the-oil or fuel after the steam 'has i taken it up, 4and during the passage of the oil and steam through the burner to the tip thereof. l .My invention .consists in the construction,

combination and arrangement of parts herein ldescribed1and claimed and illustrated in ,the accompanying drawings.

' In thesedrawings l have illustrated a preferredl embodiment of my invention',

similar reference-characters designating corres onding parts in ail views, and

. i'guie 1 is an approximately central, longitudinalsection through a preferred form of\buriier embodying my invention Figure 2 is a'transverse section taken approximately on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 looking in the directionof the arrows;

Figure 3 isa transverse section taken approximately on the line 9,;3 of Figure 1 looking in the direction (gf the arrows; and

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken approximately on the line 1r-4 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring to these drawings, the burner comprises' a head portion 1 which may be connected with the burner casing 2 by a screw thread 3'. The head portion 1 is pro-- vided with an inlet 28 to which is connected a pipe 4 for admitting steam tothe interior of the head; and the head portion 1 is also provided with an interior elbow portion 6 having a passage 26 leading from a pipe 5 carrying o'il under pressure to the device.

The casing 2 contains a plug 15, serving the head portion of the burner and the plug 15 without in any way coming in Contact with the steam until after it has emerged from the ypassage 20.

Formed upon the plug 15 I provide a su'bstantially conical surface 22 disposed at theA rear of the head 18 'where theplug is narrowed to a small diameter 21, and `where the passages 2O are located, these passages 20 being directed in line with the surface 22, so that oil emergingl from these passages 20 vspreads out smoothly over the surface 22, .and does not strike against it, so that the oil is thus evenlyspreadx out and distributed over the surface, flowing therefrom at the edge 23 in a very thin even film. The surface 22 may be shielded from the direct action of the steam by making it of reverse conical-form as shown. l

The steam comin from the pipe through the inlet 28 passes' t rough interior 29 of the main portion of the head 1 outside of the pipe 7 carrying the oil, and meets thelhead of the plugl, passiii through the openings 16, which are prefei'a l arranged in an inclined position (Fig. 2i steam outwardly from t e axis of the burner,

so as to direct the i and at the same time to impart a spiral motion to the steamas 1t emerges, so that the steam initially expands into the chamber provided hy the reduced portion 27 of the plug 15, and with a whirling motion picks up the oil as it fiows from the edge 23 of the conical surface 22, carr ing on a mixture of steam and finely atomized oil through the casing 2. The 'casing 2 is preferably pro' vided with an enlarged portion 30 to accommodate the plug 15 and-its head 18, beyond which there Ais thusprovided 'an expansion chamber 31. Corrugations 24 are provided on the 4interior of the enlarged portion 30 of the shell 2, and also corrugations 25 are provided upon the head 18 of the. plug 15, these corrugations acting upon the steam and oil mixture and serving to further break up and atomize the oil. p

The steam passing the head 18. expands into. the chamber 31 `of the shell 2, which gradually tapers to a reduced neck portion 32, beyond which' are expansion and contraction spaces, the shell being expanded at 33, and again contractedat 37, expanding again at 34, and contracting at 52,- where the burner tip is secured to the shell.

' In the chambers 33 and 34 there are preferably provided conical bailles 35,-which may conveniently be supported upon webs .39, these baiiles tending to force the steam entering the chambers 3.3 and 34 respectively outwardly against the walls 36 and 38, which, being tapered inwardly, direct lthe steam and oil mixture again towards the axis of the burner.

By thetime the steam and fuel have reached the burner tip 5 1 the mixture is very thorough, and the oil or fuel has been very highly atomized, so that it is readily and efficiently burned as it emerges from the openings lt of the burner tip 53, these openings being preferably separated'so as to 4provide a space o'r chamber through which air may have access to the tips to mix more readily with the fuel mixture as it emerges from the tips.,

- For the purpose of blowing out the oil f passages 17, 20and cleaning them from time les ' ties in to time, there may be provided a needle valve 10 seated/'at 13 in an opening entering the passage 26, which -passes througha gland 11 and may be operatedby a small'hand wheel 12, to pernfiit` steam from the head 'to blow through the valve opening-13min the passage 26 and through the pipe 7, passage 17 and passages 2@ teclear out these parte should 'theyhave become clogged by inpurithe-fuel@ Y,

The operation of the device is as foliows: Stearn is admitted through the pipe L to the interior of the head portion 1, and advances to the plug 15, where it passes through the passages 16 which impart to it a whirling outward motion.- @il is admitted to the pipe 5 under pressure passing through the passage 26, pipe 7, and passage 17, and then in a partially reversed direction throughthe passages 20, emerging in line with and upon the conical surface 22, upon which the oil spreads ut in a very thin film, escaping at the edge 23 in a very thin film, and meeting there the steam coming with a whirling motion, which steam picks up the oil and carries it along, striking against the corrugated interior of the bulb portion 3() of the casing 2, and also against the corrugated portion 25 of the head 18, thus tending to further atomize and break up the particles of fuel, this action bein continued as the mixture of steam and uel pass on through the chambers 33 and 3ft-to the tip 51, emerging from the openings 54: of which the steam and oil meet the air, and combustion takes place.

Having now described my invention I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A burner .for fluid fuel comprising a casing, means for causing steam to pass' through said casing, an oil spreading surface provided in said casing and shielded from the steam, and means for directing oil tangentially upon saidsurface whereby a thin film of oil'is formed and passes from the edge of the surface into'the steam substantially free from'globules.

2. A burner for fluid fuel comprisinga casing, means for causing steam to pass through said casing, a plug disposed therein, a fuel passage through said plu a conical surface lformed on the exterior 0%. said plug, andv openings from said fuel passage arranged to discharge the fuel tangentially upon said surface.

3. A burner for Huid fuel comprising a casing, a plug disposed therein, a pluralityI of outwardly and angularly inclined steam openings through said plug adapted to impart a spiral motion to the steam, a conical surface formed on said p lu -beyond said 'steam openings and shielded rom the steam,

fuel passages passing through said plug and opening to direct fuel tangentially upon said conical surface ,to pass in a thin lmftherep from intozthepath of the steam.

a, A'burner .for fluid. fuel comprising a j casing, means `for causing steam to pass therethroughwith an initially spiral motion, means disposed in said casing .for forming a' thin even ilm of fuel in the path of the steam, corrugations formed. on the interior of said casing, a succession of expansion and contraction chambers the outlet of said casing, and conical baies disposed in said expansion chambers.

5. it burner rol' finiti fusi comprising casing, a plug disposed therein, a plurality of steam openings through said plug, a com cai surface formed on said plug beyond said steam openings and shielded. from the steamq.

fuel passages passing through' said plug and 'izo Las

opening to direct fuel tangentially upon said conical surface to pass in a thin film therefrom into the path-of the steam, a corrugated head portion formed on said plug beyond said surface, and corrugations formed von the interior of the casing.vl

6. A burner for fluid fuel comprising a casing, means for causing steam' to pass through said casing, means Withinsaid casing for mixing oil With said steam, said casing having a series of longitudinally spaced contracted portions and intermediate ex-y panded portions forming chambers, and bailes centrally disposed in said chambers, the walls of said chambers being inclined between the expanded and contracted portions to act as balies to direct the mixture towards the center of the passage.

In testimony whereofl I have signed my name lto this specification.

WILLIAM R. QUINN.

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