US1418422A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

F. W. BALSTER.

BURN-ER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23, 192-0.

PatentedJune 6, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. W. BALSTER.

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23. 1920.

Patented June 6,1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET s.

r one.

BURNER;

Specification of Letters latent. Patented J une 6, 1922,

Application filed October 23, 1920.. Serial No..418,873.

T oaZZ whom it may COW/067%, I

Be it known that I, FREDERICK lV. BAL s'ren, acitizen of the United fiitates, residing in l i ilmington, Delaware, have invented certain Improvements in Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in burners for liquid fuel and, more particularly burners employedfor boilers of steam automobiles, auto trucks, tractors, and the like.

One objectof my invention is to provide an improved structure in which the flame will be distributed evenly over the entire surface of the burner.

A further object of the invention is to simplify the construction.

Still another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the liquid fuel is brought to the proper temperature before being admitted to the burner.

Another object ofthe invention is to provide a suitable fuel diffuser, which forms a mixing chamber for the gasified fuel and to provide a porous straining medium through which the fuel must pass on the way to the gasifying means.

The inventionalso relates to other details, which will be fully described hereinafter, reference being had to the. accom panying drawings, inwhich:

Fig. 1 is a sectionalview of an automobile steam boiler chamber illustrating my improved burner;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 2-2, Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view onthe'line 3-3, Fig; 1, showing the burner;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the rear wall illustrating the straining me: dium;

Fig. 5 is a sectional nozzle; I l I,

Fig. 6 is a sectional View on the line 6-6, Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the deflector;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of one of the pilot burners; and I Fig. 9 is a planviewof Fig. 8.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the boiler casing made as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

View of. the delivery 2 is the boiler of any suitable construction.

3 isthe back flue separated from the combustion chamber at by a back wall 5. In

this back wall is the generating chamber 6 described hereinafter. 7 is the burner, which extends over the entire surface of the combustion chamber below the boiler. Y

W 8 is a vaporizing tube extending longitu- "dinally of the combustion'chamber. and in this vaporizing tube is a rod 9 having a spiral groove thereinforminga spiral duct for the liquid fuelso that by the time the fuel reaches the pipe 10, connected with the delivery nozzle 11, it is properly vaporized to be projected into the mixing chamber 12. The generating chamber is formed in the back. wall 5 by cuttting out the back wall and inserting a plate 13 therein, as shown in Fig.4. The-two, walls are 'oined to form the generating chamber 6. This chamber is enlarged by a series of transverse openings extending from side toside of the boiler casing and closed by screw "plugs 14. Located in these openings are rods 15 of alundum, or any highly porous refractory material through which the fluid must pass. These rods can be readily removed and replaced, when necessary. 1

The plate 13 is extended up beyond the lower end of theboiler and-in contact therewith. as shown in F ig. 1, so that it will retain the vheatafter the burner flame is extinguished, and this construction: also'prevents the back plate from being overheated} 16 is the fluid pipe communicating with the generating chamber:6. [17 is a pipe,

which forms communicationbetween the upl per end of the generating chamber 6 and the rear end of the, vaporizing tube 8., as shown clearly in Fig. 1. Thisgenerating tube is also-connected, by a pipe 18 withthesteam pipe 19 at the boiler. In this pipe 18 is a valve 20 so that, when necessary, the valve 20 can be openedand steam under pressure can be blown through the vaporizing tube.

21 is a mud drum connected by pipes 22 with the boiler. 23lis the water inlet pipe; I

The pipes 17 and 22. as well as the mud drum are located at the lower end of the flue 3'. The burner is made as shown in Fig. 3 and has a series of diagonal channels 24 radiatingfrom the center line of the boilertowards the vsides. These channels form ribs 25, which are perforated, as shown, by numerous fine holes in order to form openings for the escape of gas generated under the burner so that the entire area, directly above the burner, is a mass offlame. .The channels 2 shown in Fig.

are packed with a suitable non-conducting material. 7

At the forward end of the burner structure is a mixing tube 12, which is bifurcated, forming two channels 12" leading on each sideef the burner towards the rear end, as

This mixing tube discharges the gas under a deflector 26,'made in two parts, as shown in Fig. 7, one part being at one side of the center at the rear and the other at the opposite side. In the upper surface of the deflector are diagonal channels 27 tapered as shown. Directly under he rear end of the burner at the 'center is a pocket "28 with which the channels communi catc, forming a: final mixing chamber for the fuel't'hat is'dischar'ged at the'rear of the burner. The mixing tube is tu'rned'up at the front, as at 12 ,'t0 form'an intake for air above the combustion chamber.

The delivery nozzle is made as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Screwed into the end of the nozzle casing 11 is a tube 29, which extends into thetlront wall of the mixing tube and extending through this tube is'aneedle' valve 3'0, which regulates thellow of fuelto the mixing tube. The needle valve 30 is guided in the nozzle by lateral arms 31, as shown inFig. 6. i p

In order to separate the products of combustion"escaping through the two arms of the mixingftube, a central partition 38is provided, which extends from the crotch of the tube to the rear wall of the burner. The two pilot openings 32 are formed in' this partition. The pilot burners are located in'the openings 32 inthe partition 38, as clearly shown inFig. 1. In each burner is a gas passage 84. i

35 isim electric wire passing through an insulated sleeve in thebu'rner and connected to an igniting wire 36'above theburner screen 37 so that, when a current of'electricity is passed through the wire it becomes hot and ignites the gas tlowing through the burner. These pilot burners are connected to the fuel supply pipe in any suitable manner.

The burner structure is carried by a suitable metallic casing 39 in "which are the side linings "of the combustion chamber. This casing extendslaterally, as shown in Fig; 2, soas to be carried by the frame of an automebile. The boiler structure is mounted on thisdateral extension, as clearly shown in Fig. '2. This construction may bemo'dified considerably without departing from the essential features of the invention.

The mixing tube proper '12 extendsto the front edge 'ofthe-burner structure, as shown in Fig.1, and the tubular extension 12 is coupled to it in anysuitable manner, this extension reduces the noise due to the drawing in of air.

It will be seen by the above construction that I am enabled to make a burner particularly adapted for use in connection with the boiler of a steam automobile so that the flame will be distributed evenly over the entire burner surface, which extends under the boiler,-and that the fuel is thoroughly vaporized before it reaches the mixing tube under the burner. The mixture escapes through the bifurcated tube under the deflecting plate so as to cause the mixture to pass to the rear of the burner and then forward through the diagonal channels 27 in order to distribute the fuel thoroughly be-' fore it is ignited at the burner. At the rear of the burner, midway between the sides is the pocket 28 forming a mixing chamber, which communicated with the channels 27 so as to distribute the gases that concentrate at this point. By placing'a partition on the center line of the burner from the'crotch of the mixing tube to the rear'plate,'the gases from one arm of'the tube are prevented from mixing with the gases from the other arm until. they are mixed at a point forward of the central partition.

It will be understood that the fuel is carried inside of the furnace structure rather than -on'the outside and'the air is slightly preheated before'it combines with the gas escaping from the nozzle.

I claim 1. The combination in 'a" burner structure, of a combustion chamber; a boiler located above the combustion'chamber; a perforated plate extending under the combustion chamber and forming a burner; a central, longitudinal partition extending part-way tl'irough the length of the chamber under the burner;

a bifurcated mixing tube, the arms of which extend on either side of the partition; a deflecting plate'for preventing the direct-flow of fuel from the mixing chamber to the burner openings above the tube; and a nozzle for the vaporized fuel located in the mixing tube. V V

2. The combination in aibu'rnerstructure, of a plate having a series of channels spaced apart and forming ribs; channels under the ribs, said ribs being perforated; a bifurcated mixing tube and a deflector 'abovethedis charge end of the mixing tube so as to cause the fuel to pass indirectly to the burner openings. I

3. The combination in a burner structure, of a perforated plate; a chamber under'the plate; a mixing tube having central portion and two arms; a central partition extendingbetween the arms; and a deflector located below the perforated pl-ate a't'the' rear end and having diagonal passages therein so that" the"fuel,as it escapes from the mixtube, will be deflected and distributed in 4. The combination in a burner structure,

' of a plate having aseries of spaced diagonal grooves in its upper surface; ribs between the grooves, said ribs being perforated for the passage of gas; non-conducting material located in the grooves ;,a mixing chamber; a central mixing tube; bifurcated so as to extend on each side of the partition; a nozzle located in the mixing tube; a vaporizing tube With which the nozzle communicates; and a deflector above the bifurcated portions of the mixing tube having diagonal tapered channels therein, the parts being soarranged that the gases, as they are discharged into the mixing tube, Will be deflected before passing through the openings in the burner plate.

5. The combination of a burner plate having a series of diagonal grooves and ribs, the ribs being perforated and the grooves being filled with a non-conducting material; a bifurcated mixing tube; a fuel nozzle extending into the tube; a deflecting plate; a central partition; an opening in the central partition; and a pilot burner located in the opening. I

6. The combination of a perforated burner plate; a mixing chamber under the plate; a mixing tube communicating With the chamber; a fuel nozzle extending 1nto the tube;

and a vaporizing tube extending above the burner plate and having a spiral passage therein, one end of the vaporizing tube being connected to the fuel supply pipe and the other end being connected with the nozzle.

7. The combination in a burner structure,

of a chamber having fire-resisting alls; a burner structure in the bottom of the chamber, one of the Walls having a generating passage into which the fuel is delivered; a

body of porous, refractory material in said,

passage through Which the fuel passes, said material serving to strain the fuel and to impart heat thereto; a vaporizing pipe mounted above the burner and connected to said chamber; and a nozzle for delivering fuel in a vaporized condition to'the burner.

8. The combination in a burner structure,

one or both ends for the Withdrawal or replacement of the rod; a vaporizing pipe com municating with the passage in the Wall; and a nozzle connected to the pipe.

9. The'combination of a burner consisting of a perforated plate; a mixing chamber under the plate; a mixing tube communicating With the chamber; a deflector for distributing fuel under the plate; a nozzle ;,a vaporizmg tube extending above the burner and connected to the nozzle; a generating passage;

a pipe forming communication between the passage and the vaporlzing tube; a steam boiler located above the burner; a steam pipe; and a pipe leading from the steam pipe to the vaporizing tube and having a valve therein.

FREDERICK BALSTER.

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