US1410909A - Stove and furnace - Google Patents

Description

G. W. GARVEY.

STOVE AND FUBNACE. APPLxcATloN HLED suLY19,192o.

Patented. Mar. 28, 1922'.

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, 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Y I l G. W. GARVEY. K

STOVE AND EURNACE.

` APPLICATION HLED 1uLY19',192o.

l A l @,9@ Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 tlllfl@ STTS EATENT @FFmfo GEORGIE W. GARVEY, F ESCANABA, MICHIGAN.

STOVE AN D FURNCE.

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Application filed Julyiw, 1920. Serial No. 397,466.

, State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Stove and Furnace, of which the following is a specication.

.This invention relates to stoves and furn-aces and relates particularly to oil burning furnaces of the general type comprising a lire pot ositioned in the combustion chamber of t e stove or furnace, into whichthe fuel oil in atomized or Dvaporized form and mixed with air` to form a combustible mixture, is delivered.

A primary object of the invention is to provide means for increasing theY practicability and economy in operation of stoves and furnaces of the type specified, by effecting more thorough ancfrintense combustion of the liquid hydrocarbon or other fuel oil and, at the same time, reducing the quantity of fuel consumedas compared with present furnaces of this type, of which l have any knowledge.`

Specifically, the object of the invention is to provide means' for effecting more complete and thorough vaporization of the hydrocarbon, and, at the same time, heating the combustible mixture of vaporized oil and air, whereby complete combustion of all of the fuel oil will be eected under conitions which will produce a heat of maximum intensity in the furnace. j

ln accordance with my invention, l attain the objects of the invention by providing means in association with the furnace, for heating the air which is to be mixed with the vaporized hydrocarbon to form a combustible mixture, said heated air operating both to volatilize the hydrocarbon and also to provide a combustible mixture which will generate a heat of relatively great 'intensity as compared with present'methods.

The invention also comprises the various other features, combinations of. features and details of construction hereinafter described andclaimed, relating to the construction, operation and control of the furnace.

ln the accompanying drawin s, in which my invention is fully illustrate Figure l isa side view of a heating, furnace embodying combustion means of my invention.

Figure 2v is a separate sectional view of a preferred formof fire pot embodying my invention, taken on the line 2*.2 of F ig. l. Figure 3 is a sectional View thereof on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.-

l4`igure 4l is an enlarged central sectional view of an injector nozzle for vaporizing thel fuel oil delivered to the furnace; and y Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional View of thermostatically controlled means for shutting olf the'supply of fuel oil to the heater and forA cutting out the motor which supplies 'air to the furnace, whenever the telnperature reaches a predetermined point.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 designates the body portion vor casing of the furnace; 2 the lire pot positioned in the combustion chamber thereof, being shown as supported on legs 3; 4. the pipe for supplying air under pressure tosaid fire pot; 5

an injector positioned in the pipe l and which discharges directly into said fire pot;v

(i the fuel supply pipe which communicates with the nozzle 5; 7 a carbureter in the fuel supply pipe (i: S the `float chamber of said carbureter; 9 an emergency valve which controls the fuel supply pipe 6; l0

Specification of Letters Patent. Pwtqemtfed Mam. 2S, figg?. I

a spring applied to said valve for maintaining the same normally closed; ll a solenoid applied to said valve for opening the same against the force of said spring and which is adapted toA be controlled by a thermostatically operated switch positioned in the space to be heated, said solenoid'also controlling the supply of air to the pipe 4: and thus to the furnace, and the relation being such that when said solenoid is in circuit, air under pressure will be supplied to the furnace and the valve 9 will be open and vice versa.

.As shown, air under pressure is adapted to be supplied to the fire pot 2 through the pipe 4 by means of a fan l2 with which the pipe 4l is connected in the manner presently described.

Most of the foregoing elements are old and well known in the art, and as regards their usual features of construction and operatiorn and excepting as hereinafter particularly described, they may be of any usual or approved construction andwill be readily 'understood by persons skilled in the art without a description thereof in detail.

to -heating the air supplied to the furnace 4supply pipe 4. My invention, however, con

templates the employment of any other de sired or approved means for supplying air .under pressure to the fire pot of the furnace and I do not, therefore, desire to limit myself t'o the particular means shown.

`With the described construction, it is obvious that when the fan 4 is running, it will cause a circulation of air from said fan through the pipe 14, the chamber 13, and the pipe 4, whichowill be discharged through the injector into the fire pot 2, and that, when the furnace is in full operation, the air passing through the chamber 13 will be heated to a high temperature.

The current of air passing through the ini jector nozzle will operate by suction to draw atomized fuel oil from the carbureter 7 into said'nozzle, where it will be thoroughly mixed with the `hot air passing through the pipe 4 and injector 5. The hot air will operate to thoroughlyvolatilize the fuel oil,

saidhighly heated air and volatilized fuel oil forming a highly combustible mixture, which will burn with a. very intense heat and, when the quantities of airand fuel oil are properly proportioned, will produce perfect andl complete combustion of the fuel oil, whereby more heat is produced from a4 given quantity of fuel oil or .less fuel Joil is required to produce the same amount of heat.

` In the preferable construction shown also, a perforated plate 15 is supported within the fire pot 2 at a distance above the bottom of said fire pot'and4 substantially parallelI therewith, said platebeing of substantially the same size as' the cross-section'ofthe in# terior of said fire pot, and the injector 5 dis-- charging intoA said fire pot beneath said plate 15. With this construction, it is obvious that the combustible mixture under pressure entering the fire pot will be discharged upwards through the perforations in the plate 15 into the upper compartment of said fire pot where combustion will take place.y

While I consider the use of the perforated plate desirable and preferable, for the reason that it will discharge the combustible mixture uniformly over the entire area of the upper compartment of said fire pot, I do not desire to limit myself thereto, as even without said plate, highly advantageous results will be obtained by the vuse of a fire pot v and associate features, as herein described.

In accordance with my invention, the fan 12 is driven by an electric motor indicated at 16, which is connected by electrical conductors 17 .and 18 with an electrical generator indicated lat 19, the electric circuit being controlled by a' switch comprising pole pieces 20 and 21 and a contact piece 22 which, as shown, is mounted on the stem 23 of the emergency valve 9.

As herein previously' stated, the solenoid 11 is in electric circuit with a thermostatic switch, located in the space to be heated indicated at 11', the relation being such that valve is open so as to admit fuel to the fur nace, the fan motor 16 will be in circuit and will supply combustible mixture to the fire pot 2.

In order to prevent flooding of the fire pot 2, in case of defective operation of the furnace or from any other cause, said fire pot' is provided with a drain pipe 24 which connects it with the float chamber 8 above the normal li uid level therein. i Also, lin ad ition to said drainconnection, means are provided for closing the emergency valve 9 and for cutting out the fan motor 16, controlled by the level of liquid fuel in the fuelsupply pipe 6 and float chamber 8.

In accordance with my invention, this can be effected in a simple manner by means of a switch in the electric circuit of the solenoid 11 controlled by means constructed and arranged to open said switch whenever the liquid level in the loat'chamber 8 exceeds a predetermined level, which will cut out the solenoid 11-thereby permitting the emergency valve 9 to close, and stopping the fan 12-said switch operating ,means being .also constructed and arranged to close said switch whenever the liquid level in said float chamber falls below said predetermined level-thereby opening said emergency valve and starting the fan.

As shown, said switch consists of pole pieces' 25 and 26 and a contact piece 27, said pole pieces being mounted on one arm of a lever 28 the opposite end of which is connected by a link 29 with the flat 30 in the float chamber 8.

I claim:

1. In a furnace of Jrhe type specified, the

tarato@ combination of a fire pot positioned in the combustion chamber of the furnace, the walls of said fire pot being chambered to form an air heating passageway, air admission and discharge pipes which communicate with opposite ends of said chamber, the discharge pipe connecting said chamber with the interior of the fire pot,

and circulating means applied to one of saidpipes, substantially as described. a

2. ln a furnace of the type specified, the combination of a fire pot positioned in the combustion chamber of the furnace, means for supplying fuel thereto, and a perforated plate supported within said fire pot above the bottom thereof beneath which the fuel is discharged into said firepot, substantially as described.

3. ln a furnace of the type specified, the combination -of a fire pot positioned in the combustion chamber ofthe furnace a perforated plate supported within said fire pot above the bottom thereof, the walls of said fire pot beingl chambered to form an air heating passageway, air admission and discharge pipes which comunicate with opposite ends of said chamber, the discharge pipe connecting said chamber with the fire pot beneath the perforated plate supported therein, substantially as described.

4C. lin a furnacerof the type specified, the combination of a re pot positioned in the combustion chamber of the furnace, the walls of said fire pot being chambered to form an air heating passageway, air admission and discharge pipes which communicate with opposite ends of said chamber, the discharge pipe connecting said chamber with the interior of the fire pot, circulating means applied to one of said pipes, said chamber being of such large size 'in cross section as will provide a sufficiently low velocity of the gaseous product passing through same in` the operation of the furnace to insure heating of said gaseous product to a relatively high initial temperature prior to being discharged into the fire pot of the furnace, substantially as described.

5.. ln a furnace of the type specified the combination of a fire pot positioned in the' combustion` chamber of the furnace, the walls of said fire pot being chambered to form an air heating passa eway, air admission and discharge pipesw ich communicate with opposite ends of said chamber, the discharge pipeA therefrom communicating with the fire pot, and circulating means applied to one of said pipes, the area in cross section of said chamber being relatively' much larger than the cross sectional area of either pipe connection thereto, substantially as described.

6. lin a furnace of the type specified, the combination of a fire pot positioned in the combustion chamber ,Y of the furnace, the

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pipe, means for maintaining said valve normally closed, means for opening said valve against the force of said closing means, and means controlled by a defined level of liquid fuel in said fuel supply pipe for rendering said valve opening means inoperative, substantially as described.-

8. ln a furnace of the type specified, the combination of a fuel supply pipe, a valve which controls said pipe, means for maintaining said valve normally closed,a solenoid applied to said valve for opening the same against the force of said closing means, a switch which controls the electric circuit of said solenoid, and means for opening said switch when the liquid fuel in said fuel supply pipe attains a predetermined level, substantially as described.

9. In a furnace of the type specified, the combination of a fuel supply pipe, a valve which controls said 4pipe, means for maintaining said valve normally closed, a solenoid applied to said valve for opening the same against the force of said closing means,

determined level, said me ns comprising a' .chamber with which the nel supply pipe communicates, a float therein, a pivoted lever on which the contact piece of the switch which controls the solenoid circuit is mounted, and connection between said float and lever, substantially as described.

l0. ln a furnace of the type specified, the combination of a re pot, a motor driven fan for supplying air under pressure thereto, a fuel supply pipe, a valve which controls said pipe, means for maintaining said valve normally closed, a solenoid applied to said valve for opening the same against the force 0f said closing means, and thermostatic means for cutting out said solenoid and the fan motor substantially as described.

1'1. ln a furnace of the type specified, the combination of a fire pot, a motor vdriven fan for supplying air under pressure thereto, a fuel supply pipe, a valve which controls said pipe, means for maintaining said valve normally closed, a solenoid applied to said valve for opening the same against the force of said closing means, a thermostatic switch which controls said solenoid, il switch which controls the electric circuit of the fen motor comprising a Contact mounted on the stem of said valve andthe relation being such'tliat movementl of lthe valve stem to open said valve Will close the fan motor switch and movement thereol to close said vulve will open said fan motor switch, substantially as described. f

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as l0 my invention, l aix my signature this 1st. day of July, 1920.

GEORGE W. GARVEY.

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