US1407871A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

J. KNUDSEN.

GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 11, 1.920.

'IIIIII Patented Feb. 28, 1922.

INVENTOR.

.2/ BY A MT'TO EY o If 0 z o" 0 0 ;5 0

[TED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

JOHN KNUDSEN, OF BREA, CALIFORNIA.

GAS BURNER Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. as, 1922.

Application filed December 11, 1920. Serial No. 429,906.

ject of the invention being to provide a' burner of the air induction type in which the gas and air re uisite for proper combus-- tion are discharge from the burner and directed to an apex point of mixture within the furnace and exteriorof the burner.

Another object is to provide a burner forming an air passage of general Venturitube contour an having provisions for directing'a flow of gas from the periphery of the burner longitudinally to its axis in hollow cone formation with the base of the cone inwardly of the throat of the venturi and the apex within the furnace exterior of the discharge end of the burner, whereby the cone of flowing gas creates a suction inducing air through the venturi and into the gas cone, entraining the air in a direction coincident to the gas flow and in proportions variable with variations in the gas pressure.

Another object is to provide means for varying the longitudinal position of the apex point of mixture to vary the suction on the induced air.

Another object is to position the gas discharge orifices so that the gas flows in a direction the air.

Another object is to provide a burner discharging an annular cone shaped eolumn of gas effecting an induction of a solid column of air into the cone, the burner being formed to com el all the induced air to flow intoand throng the gas cone.

Another objectis to provide a burner in which combustion takes place at the immediate point of the breaking up and mlxmg approximately coincident to that of be more fully apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings,

which form a part of this disclosure, and which illustrate a preferred form of embodiment of the invention.

Of the drawings,

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a portion of a furnace with the burner of the present invention installed therein;

Figure .2 is an enlarged longitudinal section through the inner portion of the burner;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through the gas ring, taken on line m m of Figure 2; V

Figure 4 is a transverse section through the gas ring, taken on line mw of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is an elevation of the inner end of the burner; and

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section through the slip-joint connection of the gas feed pipe.

Various types of gas burners for firing furnaces have previously been designed with the object of promoting perfect combustion and generally these haveprovided for the breaking up and mixing of the air and gas within the burner and then injecting the mixture into the furnace. The breaking up of the air and gas by collision causes a violent agitation'which is nullified by the flow of the mixture through the furnace.'

Taking advantage of the fact that the most perfect combustion is had at the point of greatest mixture agitation, I have changed the functional theory of the previous burners and confined the functions of the burner of the present invention to the proportioning of theJpr per relative feeding of. air and gas and' to the directing of these to a common po'intof collision or mixture exterior of the burner whereby the point of combustion is immediately at the point of ,greatest mixture agitation. Therefore, it will be evident that the burner of the present invention a radical departure from the general type of fuel mixing burners and that its distinguishing feature is that it is in effect a fuel feeding device which ejects the fuel to a mixing point exterior of the burner and within the furnace, as distinguished from those devlces in which the mixlng of the fuel takes place within the burner. I

With reference to Figure 1 of the drawings, the burner is positioned in the front wall 1 of the furnace in an angled plane pointing downwardly towards the floor of the fire box.

In construction, the burner comprises a.

burner tube 2 embedded in the front wall 1 and a gas ring 3 longitudinally slidable therein with the exterior periphery of the ring 3 closely fitting the inner periphery of the tube 2 so that no appreciable amount of air may flow between the ring and tube.

The gas ring 3 is preferabl an integral hollow annular casting having a cross sectional contour of Venturi-tube formation providing a converging diverging passage, the inner peripheral wall of the gas ring 3 being gradually tapered, as at 4, to converge longitudinally from the intake end of the ring to a throat portion 5, then relatively abruptl tapered, as at 6, todiverge longitudinal y away from the throat a short distance, and then more gradually tapered, as at 7, to diverge to the outlet end of the ring. At-the portion 6, the ring is bored to provide an annularly disposed series of fuel ports 8 angularly disposed in a circular converging plane approximatel parallel to the converging plane of the wal portion 4 and adapted to direct a cone-shaped column of fuel to an apex point of collision beyond the discharge end of the burner tube 2.

At one side the gas ring 3 has a gas inlet nipple 9 communicating with the annular gas chamber 10 of the gas ring and having a screw-threaded outer end to receive the main gas supply pipe 11. The nipple 9 is designed to provide a uniform cross-sectional area for gas admittance to the ring without appreciably disturbing the smooth flow of air through the burner. This is accomplished by gradually flattening and widening! the intake nipple from the circular outer end to its juncture with the gas ring 3. A deflecting web 12 extends across the outlet end of the nipple 9 circumferentially of the gas rin and part way across said outlet end radiafiy of the gas ring and serves to provide an equal distribution of the gas around the rin At the opposite side of the rin 3 the wall portion 7 is recessed, as at 13 an a pilot gas port 14 terminating insai recess, directs A a pilot flame in a plane (indicated at 28) intersecting the flow of gas from the adja-- cent fuel port 8, as indicated in Figure 2. The pilot gas port 14 communicates with a duct 15 extending through a fillet .in' the 'gas chamber 10 and receiving fuel from a pilot suppl pi e 16. 4

The gas u ply pipe 11 and the ilot supply ipe 16 0th extend rearwar y out of the hurner tube 2 and communicate with the gas main 17 through individual control valves 18 and 19.

For the purpose of permitting a longitudinal adjustment of the'gas ring within the burner tube, I provide slip-joints 2O connecting each of the supply pipes 11 and 16 to their respective stationary pipe lines. The preferred construction of these joints is illustrated in Figure 6 and consists of a stationary sleeve 21 connected to the pipe line and telescopically engaging over the free end of the pipe 11 or 16, as the case may be, and provided with an annular shoulder 22 as a seat for a suitable packing ring 23 which is engaged and compressed by a packing bushing 24 screw-threaded in the end of the sleeve, the pipe projecting through the bushing and packing and communicating with the interior of the sleeve.

The outer'ends of the pipes .ll'and 16 are joined by a cross bar 25 serving as a handheld for adjusting the ring.

Having described the mechanical construction of the burner, I will now explain its mode of operation and the efl'ects "of such changes as are within the scope of the present invention.

The gas under pressure is ejected through the fuel orts 8 of the gas ring or distributor 3, each et being directed to an apex point (indicated at 30 in Figure 1) on the extended longitudinal axis of the burner, the several jets forming elements of the side or sides of a cone or pyramid, depending on whether the distributor is. 0f circular, square or rec'- tangular type, it being within the'scope of the invention to form the gas distributor of such shapes as may be most-desirable. The ejecting of the gas from the peripheral portion of the gas ring to an apex point of collision produces a vsuction on the column of free air in the burner tube 2 inducing a flow of air through the gas ring and such flow of air will vary directly as the pressure of the gas is varied, thereby producing an automatic regulation of the air supply directly influenced by the velocity of the ejected gas. The gradually converging. wall of the intake end of the venturi contoured gas ring tends to direct the air column to a more or less cone formation as it passes the" throat of the ring, so that the air is entrained with the gas rather than wiping directly across the mouths of the gas et orifices or ports, and

by providing the abruptly diverging wall I adjacent the throat and boring the gas ports in said wall the ports are in. a protected position diametrically beyond the throat andvremoved from the the air column. a y

It-will be understood that all the induced air must flow into and through the gas cone and considering the fact that the air and gas flow in proximately the same direction it will be an ent that what mixing takes place within the burner is of minor proportion.

Also, it will be evident that the general direction of fuel discharge is longitudinally of the burner and to an apex point exterior direct path ofof the burner, carrying the mixing of the fuel and air to the point .of combustion within the furnace.

In general practice, the burner is installed in a furnace with the gas ring positioned, as near as is possible, at a point in the burner tube Where it will give the most efficient service, butas this point varies slightly withdiiferent furnaces, it is desirable to be able to adjust the ring longitudi- '-nally within the tube as is provided for b the slip-joint connections described.

The effect of longitudinally ad usting the gas ring will be to. increase or decrease the volume of air induced relative to a given gas pressure, the volume of air being increased by moving the gas ring backward in the burner ,tube or decreased by moving it reversely towards the discharge end of-the burner tube, these adjustments being made without bringing the apex point of combustion within the tube itself.

' The specific form of burner shown is of a design which will give service of marked etliciency in various standard types of furnaces; however, it is to be understood that for adapting it to other or special services certain changes as to the sizes, shapes and number of fuel ports, the specific angles at which they are bored and the specific angles of the walls of the gas ring may be variously modified without departing from the broad scope of the invention which provides a gas burner of the air induction type having a gas distributor forming an air passage and directing the gas and induced air longitudinally from the burner to an apex point of collision within the furnace with the volume of air varying directly as the velocity of the gas and with the proportion of air variable relative to the velocity of the gas by longitudinal adjustment of the gas distributor within the burner tube.

I claim as my invention: 1. A gas burner comprising a burner tube,

and an annular gas distributor within the tube forming an air passage and directing air and gas to an apex point of collision exterior of the burner tube.

2. A gas burner comprising a burner tube, and an annular gas distributor within the tube forming a central air passage and having means diametrically beyond the throat of the air passage for directing fuel longitudinally outwardly to an apex point exterior of the burner tube.

3. A gas burner comprising a burner tube, and an annular gas distributor of Venturitube'form providing a central air passage and having a 'lurality of fuel ports circularly disposed eyond the throat of the dis tributor and angled longitudinally to direct the fuel outwardly beyond the burner tube and towards the axial plane of the tube.

4. A gas burner comprising a burner tube, and an annular gas distributor providing a gas chamber and forming a central air pas sage with the wall of the air passage converging gradually from the igtake end to the discharge throat, then diverging relatively abruptly to form an annular ofi'set outwardly beyond the throat, fuel discharge ports conr inunicating with said ofiset and with the gas chamber and longitudinally angled to direct fuel outwardly from the burner tube to an apex point of collision exterior of the tube, and means supplying fuel to the fuel chamber.

5. A gas burner comprising a burner tube, and an annulargas distributor within the tube providing a central air passage and having a plurality of peripherally disposed fuel ports radially spaced beyond the air passage and longitudinally angled in relative planes converging to a point exterior of the bug-her tube and alined with the axis of the tu e.

6. A gas burner comprising a burner tube, and a converging diverging annular gas distributor within the tube forming a central air passage and having a plurality of peripherally disposed fuel ports directing fuel longitudinally from the diverging outlet end of the distributor in relative planes converging to a point exterior of the burner tube and alined with the axis of the tube.

7. A gas burner comprising a burner tube, and a hollow annular gas distributor within the tube and fitting closely to the wall of the tube to prevent the passage of air between the tube and the distributor, the inner eripheral wall of the distributor converging from the inlet end to an intermediate throat and then diverging from said throat to the outlet end with the diverging wall offset to provide a. peripheral recess, fuel ports terminating within said recess and communieating with the interior of the hollow distributor, said ports being longitudinally angled in respective planes converging to a point exterior of the burner tube and alined.

Signed at Los Angeles, California,.this

6th day of December,'1920.

JOHN KNUDSEN.

Witnesses:

LoUIs BAGSHAEVE,

A. Z. J onNs'roN.

Images