US1390046A - Superheater - Google Patents

Description

W. G. LAN'DON.

SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED 05c. 22. 1919.

LBQQUQGD A NORA/5V8 W. G. LANDON.

SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.22. 1919.

Patented Sept. 6, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- H H H M INVENTOR 14 G'. M/VUO/V ATTORNEYS W. G. LANDON.

SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED 0Ec.22, 1919.

PatentedSept. 6, 1921.. Z 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A TTOR/VEVS I nd. b il SUPERHEATERJ Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 6, 1921.

Application filed December 22, 1919. Serial No. 346,476.

like, an object of the invention being to provide a superheater in which the steam carrying elements are located in the fire box above the brick arch and connected with headers outside of the boilers and provided with improved automatic damper controlling mechanism which'admits air to the space occupied by the superheater when thethrottle is closed and the steam carrying elements are empty to prevent injury to the elements by the heat of the fire box.

A further object is to provide an improved arrangement of headers at opposite sides of the boiler, each pair of headers having steam carrying elements located. in the fire box above the arch, the upper headers connected to the steam dome of the boiler and the lower headers to the steam chests of the engine with an equalizing pipe connecting them so that a maximum ofefiiciency is had.

A further object is to provide an improved construction of superheating steam carrying element, improved means for mounting the same in a boiler,-and improved means for controlling a draft by the pressure of steam in the superheater.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in certaininovel features of construction, and combinations and arrangements of parts, as will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

and partlybroken away-illustrating my iniprovements at, one 1 side of a locomotive boiler; I

Fig. 2 is a View in longitudinal section through the, upper header Aand parts adjacent thereto; y r

Fig. 3 is a view in vertical transverse section through the upper portion of the fire Fig. is a sectional plan view of Fig. 3, the section being taken through the tubes 10, and the elements of the superheater bedug shown in elevation;

*ig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view 1n section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view in section on the line 66 of Fig. 3; and

Flg. 7 is a diagrammatic planview of a I locomotive illustrating the arrangement of my invention thereon.

1 represents the steam boiler, 2 the steam dome and 3 the steam chests of an ordinary locomotive. adjacent the fire box 2 the headers A and B of my improved superheater are located andv these headers are connected to steam carrying elements C which are located in the fire box 2 above the arch formed by the arch tubes 4 and arch brick 5 thereon. The elements C constitute U-shaped pipes, or, in other words, pipes which are bent to form a return bend with the intermediate portions of the pipes projecting beyond the center of the fire box and the ends of the elements projecting through tubes 10 in the boiler and secured to the headers A and B respectively. The tubes 10 take the place of ordinary stay bolts and are of an ins ternal (diameter appreciably greater than the diameter of that portion of the pipes forming the elements C whichpass through the said tubes so'that a free air passage is formed through the tubes 10 for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

The pipes forming the elements C are enlarged, or, in other words, have their walls increased in thickness where they are positioned within the fire box and this increased thickness of wall may be provided by cast iron formed on the outer surface of the tubes and where said tubes or elements overlap, which is at the center of the firebox, certain of said elements have lateral enlargements 6 so shaped as to snugly fit the outer surface of the adjacent element, and said overlapping elements secured together by metal straps 7 and clamping bolts 8, as clearly shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 6.

The construction of the two sets of headers at the opposite sides of the boiler and their steam carrying elements C are preand hence, the description hereinafter of one At the outside of the boiler 1 ii set of headers with its steam carrying elements and cooperating parts will apply alike to both.

The headers A and B are secured against movement by brackets 9 which are substantially parallel and which support the steam elements C are expanded in the headers, as

shown at 11, and these expanded ends are in line with handholes 12 in the outer portions of the headers, such handholes being normally closed ,by handhole plugs 13 so that the proper tool can be readily inserted to expand the ends of the pipes forming the steam carrying elements and also for the entrance of a clean-out tool, as will be readily understood. 7

Each pair of headers A and B is inclosed in a casing 14 having a damper door'15 at its'lower portion, said door hingedly connected to the casing as shown at 16. relatively small steam cylinder 17 is secured to the outer face of the casing 14 and has its upper end connected by a steam pipe 18 with the header A so that the upper end of the cylinder 17 is always in open communication with the header A. A plunger 19 is movably mounted in the casing l l and at its lower end is provided with a lug 20 and a roller 21 spaced apart and receiving between them a finger 22 on the door 15. This finger 22 projects from the door adjacent its hinged mountingso that the movement of the plunger operates to open and close the door.

' I It will thus be noted that when there isa.

pressure of steam within the header A, this pressure operates in the cylinder 17 to hold the door 15 in closed position. When the pressure in the header A falls due to the fact that the steam is cut ofi by the throttle of the engine, the weight of the door 15 causes the same to fall by gravity to open ositionand thus admitting air to the easing 14 and through the tubes 10 to the upper portion of the fire box above the arch so that there is a down draft-of air in thefire box to maintain the steam carrying elements relatively cool and prevent possibility of burning the same when the latter are empty. As soon as the throttle is-opened and the steam pressure increases in the header A, the plunger 19 will be operated to close the door 15 and maintain the latter closed while the superheater is in operation. V

The upper headers A constitute saturated steam headers and are connected by pipes 28 with thesteam dome 2 and the headers proj ectin cured to t e outer ends of the'tubes, adamper B, which constitute superheater headers, are connected by pipes 24 with the steam chests 3 of the locomotive. An equalizing pipe 25 connects the pipes 2 l, as clearly shown in Fig. 7.

In operation, the steam from the dome 2 passes through the pipes 23 to the headers A, thence through the steam carrying elements 0 in which the steam is superheated, and then {flows through the superheated header B and pipes 24 to the steam chests 3. When the throttle of the locomotive is closed to shut oflf the steam, the fall of steam pressure in the cylinder 17 will permit the damper door 15 to fall open by gravity and allow a draft of air to pass through the tubes 10 into the upper portion of the fire box and keep cool the steam carrying elements C. As soon as the steam is again turned on, the steam pressure in the cylinder 17 will close the damper door 15 and the operation will be as before.

Various slight changes may be made'in the general form and arrangement of parts described without departing from the invention, and hence I do not limit myself tothe precise details set forth, but consider myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope ofthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. The combination with a boiler having a fire box, and tubes secured in the walls of the fire box, of a superheater located in the fire box'and having tubular portions of appreciably less diameter than the tubes and projecting through the tubes, and means controlling the draft of air. through said tubes into the fire box.

2. The combination with a boiler having a firebox, and tubes secured in the walls of the fire box, of a superheater located in the fire box and having tubular portions of appreciably less diameter than the tubes and projecting throughthe tubes, headers communicating with the tubes and means asso.

ciated with the headers controlling the draft of air through the tubes into the fire box.

3. The combination with a boiler having a fire box, and tubes secured in the walls of the fire box, of a superheater located in the fire box and having tubular portions of appreciably less diameter than the tubesand through the tubes, headers secontrolling the flow of air through the tubes into the fire box, and a steam operated plunger communicating withone of the headers for closing the damper.

1. The combination with aboiler having tubes in its walls, of return bend steam carrying elements located in the fire boxand having their ends projecting through the tubes, said tubes being of appreciably greater diameter than the diameter of the tubes forming the steam carrying elements, headers outside of the boiler connected to the ends of the said elements, and means for controlling a draft of air through the tubes.

5. The combination with a locomotive boiler having a fire box, of a superheater comprising two series of oppositely disposed return bent steam carrying elements, the elements of one series positioned between the elements of the other series, the ends of the elements of the respective series being projected through the walls of the fire box, a

pair of headers on each side of the fire box communicating with the elements projecting through the wall adjacent thereto, said elements having wallsof increased thickness within the fire box, and the elements of one series having recesses receiving the elements of the other series therein, devices clamping the elements of one series to the elements of the other series, casings around the headers, and means for admitting a draft of air through the casings into the fire box.

WILLIAM GRINNELL LANDON.

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