US1386945A - Utilization of petroleum-pitch - Google Patents

Description

K. NOMI. UTILIZATIONOF PETROLE-UM FITCH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22, I9Is.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921a Condensefor,

Heavy 02Z flea/ffll pitch, this is heated graduall UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcl-z.

KONOSUKE NOMI, 0F HTATOSm-GU, JAPAN.

UTILIZATION 0F PETROLEUH-PITGH.

fo all whom itmay concern.'

-Be it known that I, KoNosUKE NOMI, a sub'ect of 'the Emperor of Ja an, residing at 0,-1987 ASugau'ro-Mura, {itatoshimagun, Tokyo Province' Japan, have invented.

heating it tothe temperature of about 500 to 600 C. .to carry out destructive distillation. The object of this invention is to obtain these products cheaply.

The petroleum pitch preferably employed ifn the process, is a by-product of refining petroleum oils containi tively large quantities. nThe melting point of the material varies'mor'e or less, depending upon the exact mode of production. A particular samplemelted at 80 C., and this may be considered as an average melting point.

In carrying this invention into practice, a suitable retort made of cast iron or of lire clay is employed. After charging this retort with a suitable quantity of etroleum EVhe'n the charge is heated to about 400 (1., (which may require about two hours) it begins slowly to decompose, which operation becomes most eiiicient when the temperature reaches about 400 to 550 C., say about 500 C. During this operation, a pressureof about 4. or 5 poundsper square inch above atmospheric is preferably maintained in the retort. The mass in the retort is then heated further,

care being taken that the temperature does not exceed 600 C., the decomposition into the products labo-ve mentioned is completed. During this latter step, a pressure slightly below atmospheric is used, a suction of 1 to 2 inches being preferred. The retort will contain coke of the best quality with only a very small percentage of impurities. The distillate is collected in a suitable receiver by passing the volatile products through a condenser which is connectedto the retort.

The gas is led into a tank through an iron,

Specition of Letters Patent.

olens in rela-` Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

Aliplication mea January 22, isis. seriaims. 213,124.

invention are roughly vgiven in the follow-i ing ltable (per 1000.kgs.,of the petroleum pl c v 4 Coke, about 450 kilograms. Distillate, about 250 kilograms. Gas consisting largely of hydrogen; about 6000 cubic feet.

In a particular test run of the process-the products produced were examined with the following results:

(a) 'Composition of coke.

H2O 1.74% Volatile part 3.74% Carbon part 92.06% S 1.00% P Trace Ash 1.50%

Caloriiic power 8.743 calories. v (b) Composition of gas.-

H r 60.1% 0 1.5% CO 0.9% CO2 0.7% CH4 18.5% Other hydrocarbons 18.3%

(o) Sp. gr. of volatile oil (fraction distilling between 50 C. and 110 0.), 0.852.

This liquid consists .largely of olelin hydrocarbons, but contains some (say 3%, more or less) of aromatic hydrocarbons, toluol, benzol, etc.

The coke remaining in the retort contains only a minute quantity of sulfur and ash so that it has not only a higher caloric power than ordinary coke, but also is very suitable for raw material for smelting iron, Vor for producing graphite carbon for electric pur- Jose.

l The fdistillate .collected in the receiver contains about 60% of volatile oil having boiling point of under 150 0.), w ich,

therefore, is separated 4from the heavier oils by fractional distillation, preferably at not greatly exceeding atmospheric pres'- sure. The residualy oil is mixed with about ten times its weight of molten pitch. This mixture is thereafter charged into the retort and the distlling operation is reeated as before, forming the second run. he volatile oil obtained in this second run consists chieiiy of aromatic hydrocarbons, and ,not only can be used as a solvent for rubber,

- fats or the like, but also can re lace petroleum-benzin, or otherwise emp oyed` as a volatile oil. l

- The gas produced as a by-product in the dry vdistillation will amount to about 6000 'cubic feet by. volume, perI one ton of the pitch. A part of thisgasl can be burned to supply the amount. of heat required for -carrying out this process and, therefore, no exl 'ing to this' invention the distillateis subjected to fractional .distillation to obtain volatile oil, the residue of which operation can be again charged into the retort, with more pitch, to produce coke and volatile o-il, and at the same time gas consisting Vchiefly of hydrogen being produced as a by-product.

Therefore, these products, viz, coke, volatile oil and the gas can be very` cheaply obtained of comparatively good quality.

In the accompanying drawings, which Ashows one example of apparatus suitable for carrying thisinvention into practice, Figure 1 is,a diagrammatic yelevation of an apparatus for heating the petroleum pitch ina retort,` together with its connections.

Fig. 2 Ais a diagranunatic elevation, partly in section', of an apparatus for subjecting the distillate to fractional distillation. Fig. 3 is laplan View, partly in section, of the r apparatus shown in Fig. 2.

Y. In Fig.' l, 1 1s a retort furnace having for example, three horizontal retorts 2, each provided with an-exit pipe 3, leading to a hydraulic main 4. 5 isa tank for collect- ,ing gases escaping from the retort. 6 is another tank orreceiver forcollecting the distillate, which isl condensed in the hydraulic main 4, which acts as a condenser.

In Figs. 2 and 3, 15 is a still for fractional distillatiomwhicli is to be charged with the distillate fromv tank 6'. .The material in 15 is distilled by heating the same sufficiently to cause distillation. g lflfrthe pressure rises a little above atmospheric, noI particular "harm is done. The? vapor coming from the still is passed through a pipe16, first partially cooled and-condensed in a condenser "1.7, the

condensate being collected in a receiver '18. A second part of the vapor which is not condensed `in 17, is passed through a pipe 19,

condensed in the second rcondenser 20 and is.,

collected yin a receiver:l 21'. The condensate is drawn ofi' frointhe receivers andmayvbe mixed with a new charge of petroleum pitch as described. 0r, if desired, thiscondensate .may be returned to thelv still by a return pipe 22, which may be provided with a cock 23 for the purpose. AThe volatile'oil, which is not condensed in the tanks 17'. and 20, vis

finally condensed in a condenser in 24. 25 is a charging pipe for the still. 26 is a safety valve.

rlhe steps of the proce may be carried out at about atmospheric pressure.

'I claim: i,

1. The processrherein described, which comprises destructively distilling at about" 500 to 600o C. a mixture of petroleum pitch and the heavy components of the oil produced in the destructive distillation of petroleum pitch, whereby an oil containing a large lpercentage of aromatic hydrocarbons, coke and `as are produced.

rocess of producing coke, volatile oil-l and gas containing hydrogen, which com'- prises charging a suitable retort with petroleum pitch, then heating it up to about 500C' to 600 C., and collecting the products', fractionally distilling the volatile oil obtained,

and mixing the heavierv fraction lthereof with an additional quantity of the vpetroleum` pitch, and heating said mixture to about Y50W-to 600 C., and collecting the products.

In testimony whereof 'I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

y KONUSUKE NOMI'. [1.. 8.]

Witnessesz. k f

HENRY B. HITCHCOCK, JoRG BoDHGADJ.

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