US1363699A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Description

K. AND A. WRD. CNTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR. APPLICATION FILED IuNE II msnm Dee.. 28,; 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- Wa? 756C K. AND LL-WARD. CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR. APPLICATION FILED JUNE H, 1918.

Patented Dec. 28, 1920..

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

V different forms.

KARL waan am) ALBERT wann, or STOCKHOLM, swnnnu'.

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

resented nee; es, ieee.

Application led .Tune 11, 1918. Serial No. 239,490.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, KARL WRD and AL- BERT VVRD, subjects of the King of Sweden, residing at Sibykegatan 49, Stockholm, Sweden, and Styrmansgatan 17, Stockholm, Sweden, have invented new and -useful Improvements in Centrifugal Separators, Of-` which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements of the centrifugal separators of the ty e described and illustrated in our U. S. atent No. 1098927 dated June 2, 1914, with the v iew of making such separator more eifective.

The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator of this kind,lbut so constructed that it in relation to its weight and the motive power required becomes more effective than those already known.

In the accompanying drawings such a centrifugal separator is illustrated in three The one of these forms ,is shown in a partial vertical longitudinal section on the line A-B (Figure 2) in Fig. 1 and in a vertical transverse section on the lines C-D-E-F and G-F (Fig. 1) in Fig. 2; Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of a modiiied form of the centrifugal separator shown in Figs. l and 2, and the third form is illustrated in a vertical longitudinal section on the line L--M-N (Fig. 5) in Fig. 4 and, in a vertical transverse section on the line H-K (Fig- 4) in Fig. 5.

'Ihe centrifugal separator consists of a stationary, closed outer container 33, surrounding a rotating body 10, which contains a number of separating channels 12, formed by plates 73, dividing the iuid to be separated in strata or laminas which are thin in the direction of the radius.

The fluid to be separated is introduced in the interspaces between the plates 73 not at their outer or inner ends but at a place between the said ends. The introduction of the iuid hereb `can take place either from the one end wail of the rotating body (Figs. 1-3) or from its interior (Figs. 4, 5). In the centrifugal separator illustrated in Figs.

1 and 2, the fluid to be-separated is introduced through a hollow shaft 19, supporting the rotating body and is removed through a hollow extension 2() of the sald shaft. In the modified form, shown in Fie. 3, the' shaft is solid and extending through the separator, the iiud being introduced and removed through openings 191 and 201, surrounding the shaft.

When the fluid to be separated is not introduced into the separating channels from the interior of the rotating body but from the one end wall of it, it is necessary to arrange the centrifugal separator in such a manner that the specific heavier and larger (coarser) particles are separated before the proper tine separation, and for that reason the forms illustrated in Figs. 1-3 are more dierent from that shown in Figs. 4, 5 than they are different in relation to'one another.

)Ve now shall describe the two forms iirst mentioned. In the outer part of the rotating body 10 the separating channels 12, formed by annular plates 73, are situated, although they do not occupy the whole circumference of the rotating body in an axial direction but only the greater part of it. That part of said circumference which is nearest to the inlet end of the rotating body with the fore end wall 7 of the rotating' body, while the last oneof the protecting rings suitably is formed in one piece with a conical ring, the supporting ring 6, which is supported and centered by the one 5 of two end walls 4, 5, connected by means of the ribs or walls 11. 'Ihe intermediate rings 74 are supported and centered by means of the rings now described in any suitable manner. rIhe separating plates 73 as well as the supporting ring 6 and another supporting ring 3 for the plate 73, situated at the rear end wall 8 of the rotating body (Fig. 1% or at the end wall 4 mentioned above 4ig. 3) are provided with openings 76 Fig. 2), surrounding axial outwardly open gutters 77 for the introduction of the fluid to be separated. rIhe inlet end of these-gutters communicates with an annular space (the coarse separating zone) 14a surrounded by the separating rings 74. From this space the fluid is brought by the gutters to the separatin channels between the separating plates 3. In place of these gutters tubes of course may be used, which are provided with openings in their outward part. Inside the inner edge of the separating plates 73 a filtering layer may be placed, for the purpose of, when required, still more purifying the fluid to be separated from very fine or very light particles, which cannot be removed by the Centrifugal process.

The apparatus now described operates essentially in the same manner when solid particles are to be separated from liquids, gases, or vapors, or when liquid particles (for instance water or alcohol) are to be separated from gases or vapors. It may for that reason be sufficient to describe in the following the use of the apparatus for separating from water solid particles of a greater specific gravity than that of theA water itself, for instance mineral grains, coal powder or cellulose-fibers.

The apparatus illustrated'in Figs.v 1-3 in such a case operates in the following manner:

The-fixed container 33 and the rotating body 10 with its channels, inlet and outlets (the shafts 19, 20, Fig. 1, or the corresponding parts 191, 201, Fig. 3) are filled with preferably pure water so that no more air is contained in the apparatus, especially in the rotating body 10, whereupon the rotating body is brought into rotation. The water, containing the solid particles, is now introduced through the shaft 19 (Fig. 1) or through the inlet 191 (Fig. 3) by means of a pump or from a' higher vsituated tank, whereby it flows in the direction marked with the arrows through the said shaft or inlet and the channels 18 (Fig. 2) in the end wall of the rotating body to the space 14a, inside the rings 74 (the coarse separating zone), where the coarser or specific heavier solid articles are separated and by the action of the centrifugal force thrown out in the container 33 through the openings 75 between the rings. `The water hereby cannot accompany these particles because the water in the container 33 possesses a certain over-pressure imparted to it by the centrifugal force, the extent of which overpressure is dependent upon the outer diameter and the rapidity of rotation of the rotating body 10. The fiuid, thus Vpurified from coarser or heavier particles,

flows through the gutters 77 in the longitudinal direction of the rotating body to the fine separating zone 1411, Aformed by the separating platesl73 and enters the interspaces 12 between these plates, where an effective purification of the water from residual'solid particles takes place. The solid particles here move outward to the container a corresponding volume of water and solid particles is introduced through the coarseand the fineseparating zones.

If the apparatus is used for the purificai tion of a gaseous fluid, that fluid is introduced by means of a pressure or suction fan connected to the inlet or outlet of the appa ratus, or by some other suitable means. If the fiuid is introduced into the separating zone from the interior of the rotating body (as in the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 4, 5) and not from its one end as in Figs. 1-3, no coarse-separating zone and no rings 74 are required, but the whole outer part of the rotating body 10 is formed 4of the plates 73 and their interspaces 12, forming together a separating-zone. In such a case the fluid is introduced into the interior of the separating channels 12 between these plates 73 by means of a device, illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. For the gutters 77 in the apparatus illustrated in Figs. -1-3 a number of extended, flattened mouth pieces 17 is used which are situated in the central part of the rotating body' and project either from the hollow shaft 19 (which in this case is extended through the rotating body) or (if this shaft is solid) from a tube,si urounding the shaft and connectedto the inlet of' the apparatus. The interior 181 of these mouth pieces opens between the plates 73 at a distance from their inner edge, which is provided with notches 761 of such a size that they embrace the corresponding ends of the mouth pieces (Fig. 5). The channels 181 conduct the fluid to be separated directly to the interior of all the interspaces 12 (the separating channels) between the separating plates 73, so that the said fluid does not need to pass over the inner edges of the plates. The particles separated from the fluid "are stored in the outer stationary container 33, while the fiuid purified in the separating channels flows inward from these channels to the interspaces 161 between the mouth pieces 17 and further throughn openings 21 in the endwall 81 of the rotating body as Well as through channels 22 connected with these openings, to the hollow discharge shaft 20 (Fig.4).

The separating channels are supported and centered by the outer ends of the mouth Lacasse that shaft also may be solid and arranged as' is shown in Fig. 3 in. which case the apparatus is especially suitable for purification of gaseous fluid, while the apparatus with the hollow shaft is especially suitable for the purification of liquids, containing solid particles. The apparatus according to Figs. 4 and 5, if used for purifying of a fluid from solidp'articles, seems, however, to beespecially suitable for separating very small such particles or such particles of little hardness,

which do not considerably wear the separat! ing plates.

The invention affords the advantage that the protection rings used in the usual centrifugal separators of this kind and which do not directly work as separating means can be totally or partly dispensed with because the outer parts of the separating plates l73 themselves prevent the formation of rotatory motions in the fluid injurious to the separation. The separation produced by this apparatus, moreover, becomes more complete and the effect greater, which partly depends I thereupon that the outer ends of the separating channels can be placed at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than if the said ends are surrounded by protection rings, which occupy part of the space surrounding the said channels.

Havingnow particularly described the nature of our invention and the manner of its operation, what we claim is:

1.' A centrifugal separator, comprising a closed container, a member rotatablel in said container, frusto-conical blades carried by 'said member and formed with alined openings, gutters in said openings, and means for introducing a uid into'said gutters.

2. A centrifugal separator comprising a closed container, a member rotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades carried by said member and formed with alined openings, gutters in said openings, means for introducing a fluid into said gutters, and protecting rings carried by said member and coacting with said blades.

i 3. A centrifugal separator comprising a l closed. container, a member rotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades carried by said member and formed with alined openings, longitudinally extending gutters intermediate the outer and inner edges of said plates, said gutters being arranged at intervals and facing outwardly, and means for introducing a fluid. into said gutters.

4t. A centrifugal separator comprising a stationary closed container, a member rotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades carried by said member and formed with alined openings at their inner. ends, and means for introducing a fluid into said openings at a place situated between the outer and inner edges of the blades.

5. A centrifugal separator comprising a stationary closed container, a member rotatable in said container, frusto-conical blades spaced apart and carried by said member and radially disposed mouthpieces within said blades opening at a place situated between the outer and inner edges of the blades.

In testimony whereof we have signed our p names to this specification.

KARL VVRD. 'ALBERT WARD.

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