US1351460A - Pulverized-fuel gas-genebatob - Google Patents

Description

N. F X. BEMREGARDi P'uLvimz fum GAS GENERATOR.

APPCION HLED MAYZI, 191i. 1,351,460

Ptentd Ang. 31, 1920.

2 swims SHEET l.

UNITED sr/iras# NAPOLEON F. X. BIL'AUILEGARD,` OF CHICAGG, ILLINOIS.

PULVERIZED-FUEL GAS-GENERATOR.

Specification o! Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

Application Med Hay 21, 1917. Serial No. 169,942.

1'0 all whom t may concern lle it known that I, NAPOLEON F. X. BrlwuEoAno, a subject of the King of England, and a resident of the cityY of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of illinois, have invented certain new and useful lInprovements in Pulverized-Fuel (ias-(ienerators; und I do hereby declare that the followilur is a full, clear, and exact description of the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the numerals of reference marked thereon, which forin a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a process of fuel supply particularly adapted for use with boilers involving the generation of a gas,` wherein powdered fuel is fed through a feed pipe under pressure and lafter mingling with steam, is subjected to heat, causmg the generation of the gas, and substantially vaporizing the entire quantity of fuel, and thereafter blown through :1n-ejector with-additional air preferably under prossure., into the furnace for combustion.

With the low grade of fuel which is obtainable in certain localities, it has been found extremely difficult to burn the same upon grates in the furnace of a boiler, but by my invention, the use of grates is entirely dispensed with and complete c0mbustion of the fuel assured, with apparently no ash residue or, if any, of such a small amount as to be carried away bythe chimney draft. In this type of installatiomany kind of 4coal fuel may be used, and if not already in a. fine or powdered state, may be passed through a crusher to reduce the coal to powdered form and thereafter used with a nozzle injector entirely obviating the necessity for grates and ash handling systems.

It is an object the) fore of this invention to provide a process lor burnin powdered coal, utilizing steam and air un er pressure Vand inducing a flow of the powdered fuel through a heatin means, together with the steam and air be ore admission into the furnace for combustion. y

It is also an object of this invention to provide -a process of burning fuel involving the eneration ofI gas fromA the fuel vby blowm the fuel in a suspended or powdere'd orm through a heated conveyor pipef and ejeeting the product thus formed under pressure into the furnace of a boiler for combustion.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a process for burningr coal wherein preheated powdered fuel and air are blown into a furnace under pressure causing i.i stuntuneous and complete combustion of the mixture to take place.

lt is furthermore an important object of this invention to provide a fuel burning apparatus wherein powdered fuel is blown through a pipe by air under pressure and intermingled with steam and thereafter subjected to heat and finally forced through an injectortogether with additional air under pressure into the furnace for combustion.

(lther and further important objects of the invention will be apparent from the disclosure in the drawings and specifica- The invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more fully described.

On the drawings;

Figure l is a diagrammatic view with parts broken away, and parts shown in section illustrating the adaptation of a system embodyingr the rinciples of my invention to a boiler and urnace therefor.

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section, with parts in elevation, through the powdered fuel mixing valve of the system.

Fig. 3 is a sectional detail on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail view on line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a central horizontal longitudinal section through the ejector in the furnace.

Fig. 6 is a sectional detail showing the steam admission means`of the apparatus.

Fig. 7 is a to plan view of the revolving rake member o the mixing valve.

Fig.l 8 is a sectional detail showing the pivot bearing whereby the height of the rake member above the adjustable grid plates of the mixing valve may be adjusted.

Fig. 9 is a sectional detail, with parts in eleyation of the adjustable vanes on line 9-...9 of rig. 2. s

Fi'g. 10 is a fragmentary exterior view 1 end o thereof with parts in section, illustrating the construction.

As shown on the drawings:

The reference numeral 1, indicates as a whole a boiler setting for a conventional type of return tubular boiler 2. The furnace into which fuel is introduced for combustion, is denoted by the reference numeral 3, and situated at the exterior of the boiler settiuv at a point convenient to the source of fuel sup ly is a i'uel mixer, denoted as a whole by he reference numeral 4. Said fuelV mixer, as shown in detail in Fig. 2, is provided with a fuel inlet pipe for powdered fuel, and the fuel entering throuoh said pipe 5, passes into a chamber 6. beoured transversely within the chamber 6, is a stationary id pla-te 7, and slidable there- `over is an a justable grid :late 8, which,

inY Fig. 2, is shown closing tie rid plate 7, so as to prevent the passage o fue therethrough. The grid plate 7, rests upon lugs 9, formed on a spider 10, having sha-rp edged arms, as shown clearly in Figs. 2 and fl, the said lugs being recessed at a distance from the inclosing casing to support the rid plate 7, which is of less diameter than tie interior of the casing, so that the periphery of said stationary grid plate 7, over wiich the grid plate 8 moves is spaced from the interior wall of the fue mixer casing so that fuel cannot laccumulate therearound and prevent adjustment of the grid plate 8.y

Threaded for Vadjustment through the center of the spider 10, is a aivot or center bearing 11,1 for the lower en(l of a vertical shaft 12, which is journaled through the top Wall of the mixer casing and is slldably ac 'ustable in its bearin A longitudinal oil hole 13) is rovide( through said shaft whereby a ubricant may be introduced through the upper end thereof for the pivot bourrin su port 11. Secured upon the lower sai shaft 12, is a rake member 14, comprising four radial. arms having teeth formed on the u )er and under sides thereof, as shown in lllgs. 2 and the teeth of adjacent arms being stag red, so that by 1- rotation of said rake mem er, the powdered fuel is distributed evenly over the grid plates 7 8, and prevented from accumulatinfr thereo eathered upon the upper end of the shaft 12, on the exterior of the fuel mixer casing, is a worm gea-r 15, meshing with a worm 16, which is secured upon a drive shaft 17, journaled yupon the up er end of the fuel mixer casing, and provic ed `with a wheel 18, to receive e power drive from an suitable source. Formed on the lower en of the mixer 4, is an obliquely directed pipe or passage 19, into which the owdered coal, passing through the grid p aies 7 and 8,

falls, and tends to flow to the lower or outlet end thereof by gravity.

A compressed an' supply pipe, having;r a controllin valve 21, is connected to the upper end o the oblique pipe 19, so that the air, as it passes the .cha mber under the grid plate T, will tend to crea-te a suction to'i'acilitabe introduction of the pulverized iuol. T he amount of coal fed into the obliquely directed p1pe section 19, is regulated b5' the adjustment of the rid plate 8 on the grid plate 7, and the gri( )late S, is adjusted bj.' means of a hand wheel 22, having a threaded Shaft which has threaded connection with an extension 23,` of the grid plate 8, so that rotation of the hand wheel causes a sliding adJustment movement of the grid plate 8, either into open or closed relation with the rid plate -7. Pivotally mounted in the lower end of the oblique pi Je section `19, aro four vanes or blades 24 w lich are pivoted on radial axes, and at t e free ond o'l nach vane is a pin 25, projecting through a curved alot 26, provided in the wall of the pipe section 19.

otatably mounted on the exterior of the pipe section 19, in a groove provided therefor, is a collar or ring 27, provided with oblique slots or grooves 28 on the inner face thereof, one of which is shown in Fig. 10, there being one slot for each of the pins 25, whereby rotational adjustments of said ring or collar will cause al pivotal adjustment of the vanes 24, into different angular positions within the pipe section 19. The purpose of saidvanes ls to impart a spiral How to the air and powdered fuel blown therebetween us it'passes from the pipe section 19 for thoroughly distributing the pulverized fuel in the air. Connected to the outlet end of the oblique pipe section 19, of the mixer, is a convo er pipe 29, which ieads downwardly anc through the boiler setting 1, at the rear end thereof, passing along beneath the boiler so as to be sub'eoted' to the heat ofthe combustion of the iel in the furnace 3, and after passage through the boiler cornbuston chamber and furnace 3 emerging through 4the front wall oi the boiler setting. Connected into said conveyor pipe 29, on the exterior of the boiler settingr prior to entrance of the conveyor pipe thereinto, is a stream jet ring 30, shown in detail in Fir. 6, consisting of a pipe section with a vserios of small apertures arranged circumferentially around the pipe section and communi eating with a peripheral passage 31, extending aroi'in'd the section 30aud a steam eupply pipe 32, is connected to this'passage 31. A control valve 33, is provided in the steam supply pipe 32 to regulate the quantity of steam admitted into the conveyer pipe 29. The conveyor pipe 29, after it passes through the front wall of the boilersetting' 1, is bent back as shown in Fig. 1 and communicates into a nozzle shaped shell 34, of an injector. Connected to said shell 34 is an air supply pipe 35, controlled b a valve 36, through which air, preferaby under pressure,

chamber 3, simultaneously with the prod ucts from the pipe 29.

The operation is as follows:

rl`he powdered coal is received from any suitable source in the inlet pipe 5, of the mixer 4, and after flowing downwardly upon the grid plates 'lv-8, is agitated thereover by the revolving arms of the rake member 14, the teeth of the arms being preferably knife edged as shown in Fig. 2.

he openin through the grid plates 7--8, is regulate by the hand wheel 22, to permit the desired quantities of fuel to pass through the mixer. The powdered fuel then fiows downwardly into the obliquely directed pipe section 19, of the mixer, and is there taken up by the air assing through the pipe 20, the quantity o air being controlled by the valve 21, In order that the fuel and air may be thoroughl intermixed, the vanes 24, are provided w ich may be set to deflect the air and pulverized fuel spirally and prevent settling of the fuel in portions of the pipe and at a point farther alon in the pipe 29, a spray of steam is admitted into the mixture at the pipe connection 30.

The mixture of steam, air and powdered fuel, which is carried in suspension at high velocity through the conveyer pipe 29, is next subjected to the intense heat of combustion of the fuel beneath the boiler 2, the conveyer pipe Q9, extending through the combustion chamber and furnace of the setting so that the contents of the convryer pipe 29, are heated to a high degree. his causes a distillation of gas from the powdered fuel, and in the presence of the steam which has been admitted into the conveyer pipe, a highly combustible fuel mixture is obtained. This mixture flows into the injector 34, where a further quantity of air preferably under pressure is supplied, assisting the flow of fuel from the outlet of the conveyer pipe 29, and supplying additional air for combustion of the mixture, so that the mixture actually flashes into flame when admitted into the furnace chamber.

The amount of steam admitted to the fuel mixture is governed by the control valve 33. and the additional supply of air under pressure provided at the injector 34, is controlled by the valve 36. It is evident, therefore, that all the components of the fuel mixture may be regulated to the de sired extent to secure the most'eliicient operation ofthe fuel burning apparatus.

is introduced into the combustion4 vsaid mixer, a conveyer In some instances the operation may be permitted to take place without the addition of steam particularly if the powdered fuel is damp as the water absorbed by the fuel will be converted into steam during .passage through the heated conveyer pipe.

I am aware that the details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention, but I purpose claiming broadly the process of burning fuel by ing the same in the furnace after a certain preliminary treatment.

I claim as my invention:

1. The process of burning fuel, which consists in mixing powdered fuel with air, then subjecting the mixture to an intense heat, then mixing an additional supply of air therewith, and thereafter introducing the mixture into a furnace chamber for com bustion.

2. The process of burning fuel. which consists in introducing a powdered fuel into a blast of air under pressure.` then admitting steam-into the mixture, then subjecting the mixture to an intense heat, and thereafter discharging the mixture together with an additional supply of air into a furnace for combustion.

3. A fuel supply apparatus, comprising a conduit having an outlet at one end. means for supplying air thereto near its inlet end, supplemental air supply means at the outlet end thereof. means fo'r heating a portion of said conduit intermediate its ends, and means for supplying pulverized fuel to said conduit intermediate its inlet end and its heated portion.

4. A fuel supply apparatus, comprising a conduit having an outlet at one end, means for supplying air thereto at its inlet end, supplemental air supply means at the outlet end thereof, means for heating a. portion of said conduit intermediate its said ends, means for supplying pulverized fuel to said conduit intermediate its inlet end and its heated portion, and means for supplying steam to said conduit intermediate its fuel inlet and its heated portion.

5. A fuel supply apparatus, comprising a mixer, means for controlling the flow o'f powdered fuel therethrough, air pressure means communicating with the outlet from pipe communicating with said outlet. means for introducing steam into said` conveyer pipe, and an` injector with which said conveyer pipe is connected to supply air under pressure at the point of discharge of the fuel from said pipe.

6, A fuel supply apparatus, com rising a mixer adapted to regulate the ow of powdered fuel, a conveyer pipe to receive the same, means for forcing the fuel under flash-` air pressure through said conveyer pipe, means for introducing steam into said conveyor pipe, meansv for heating said conveyor pip after the introduction of the air, powdered fuel and steam thereinto to generate gas, and an injector at the outlet end ot' said conveyor pipe for supplying additional quantities of air under pressure.

7. A fuel burning system, comprising the kombination with a boiler, and its furnace and combustion chamber, of a conveyor pipe` means for introducing powdered fuel, air and steam thereinto, said eonveyer pipe extending,r through the combustion chamber and furnace of the boiler to subject the contents of said pipe to the heat thereof for the generation of gas, and an injector to supply air under pressure at the point of injection of the contents of salti conveyer pipe into the furnace of the boiler.

8. In an apparatus for preparing pulverized fuel for combustion, the combination of a conduit, means for supplying vapor and pulverized fuel to said ronduit, an adjustable defleetor in said conduit adapted to im part a spiral movement to the vapor and fuel, and meansfor changing the pitch of said deflector.

9. In an apparatus for pre-paring pulverized fuel for combustion, the eombination of a conduit, a vapor supply means communicating with said conduit, a casing communicating with said conduit and having a pulverized fuel supply inlet thereto, a. perforated valve for controlling the arlmission oi pulverized fuel to said conduit, and a continuously movable agitator adjacent the valve for distributing the pulverized fuel evenly throu h Said valve.

n testimony Whereof have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. NAPOLEON t. x. BEAUREGARD. Witnesses:

GHARLEs W. HILLS, Jr., EARL M. HARDINE.

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