US1338324A - Ignition and lighting device - Google Patents

Description

A.'H. NEULAND'. IGNITION AND LIGHTING DEVICE- APPLICATION HLED SEPT. 6, I916.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

enbulvn INVIENTOR ,7. H. -'NEUL/IND V 1' WkT/VESSES:

HIS JTTDIIIEIS straits n. NEULAND, or sea rnsncisco, catir'oama.

IGNITIGN AND LIGHTING DEVICE;

To all whom it may concern I Be it known that LALroNs H. NEULAND, a sub ect of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of the city and-county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented a certaln new and useful Ignition and L1ght-.

ing Device, of which the following is a specification. I

The invention relates to electrical devices and-preferably to combined ignition and lighting systems for internal combustion engine driven vehicles and other installations.

"An object of the invention is to provide animproved ignition device for an internal combustion engine combining the advantages of both batteryand magneto ignition.

, Another object of the invention is to provide' a simple and improved ignition and battery charging unit which-is adapted to motor vehicles; and particularly to motorcycles.

The invention} possesses other advanta- 'geous features, some of which, with the foregoing, will beset forth at length in the following description where I shall. outline in full that form of the invention which I have selected for illustration in the .draw-.

ings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. In said drawings I have shown one specific form of my generic invention but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to such form, since the invention may be embodied in, a multiplicity of forms, each comprising a species of the invention as set forth in the succeeding claims.

The present practice in internal combustibn engine ignition is toemplo'y either battery or magneto ignition and frequently both. Battery ignition is capable of producingv a good spark at very 'low' engine speeds, but at higher speeds difficulty is. encountered in maintaining the spark. Magneto ignition is capable of producing a good spark at moderate and high speeds, but it is ineifectiveat low speeds. The device herein described possesses the advantages of battery ignition at very low speeds and the advantages of magneto ignition at high speeds. This is accomplished by providing a mag .neticcircuit which includes both a generator and a transformer. Atlovv speeds, a

Specification of Letters Patent;

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

Application filed September 6, .1916. Serial No.118,616.

former action and serves to strengthen the generator action, thereby maintaining a strong spark at all speeds. Further; the construction ofthe device is such that in addition to obtaining these ignition characteristics, provision. ismade for generating.

a direct current for energizing the device and for charging a battery.

Referring to the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a cross-section, partly diagrammatic, of dne form of the device of my invention. I

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the electrical circuits of the ignition and lighting systenr including the device of my invention;

Fig. 3 is a cross section of a portion of the device showing a modified form of polepiece construction.

The device comprises a toothed armature 2 providedwith a winding 3 and a commutator &, surrounded by a frame 5 of magnetic material, preferably laminated. which is provided at one end with a projecting pole piece 6, preferably having a smooth face and partly encircling the arm'ature2. On opposite sides of the frame are two toothed pole pieces 78 also partly encircling the armature, the .teeth 9 being of the same angular pitch as the armature teeth. Arranged ietween the pole-pieces 7--S. and also par'vly encircling"- the armature is a toothed iole-shoelQ, having teeth 13 of the same pitch, the teeth 13 being so disposed taat'wheii the teeth 9 on pole pieces "7 and '8 are valined with those on the armature,

mentenables the integral stamping of the frame and all the polespieces and while the junction of the ends at the pole pieces permits some flux to leak across, it has been found to be negligible and does not materially detract from the eiliciency of the de- ,vice for reasons which, will hereinafter appear. If desired, however, the central pole shoe 12 may be separated from the side pole-pieces '2 and 8 as shown in Fig. 3.

The top of the frame 5 is magnetically connected to the central pole shoe 12 by meansof a laminated core 15 which serves as a pole-piece. The bottom pole-piece 6 is provided with a magnetizingeoil 16 connected preferably in shunt withthe armature 2, while the upper central pole-piece carries a low tension w nding 17 and a high tension winding 18 for ignition purposes.

the windings 17 and 18 is connected to one ments.

Rotation of the armature 2 will c'auseits teeth tov'aline first with the teeth of the side poles 7 and 8 and then with the teeth 13 of the upper pole piece 15, resulting in a rapid variation of the flux through the upper polepiece 15 and the windings 17 and. 18 thereon.

The low tension and-high tension ignition windings 17and 1.8 are connected in series and the extreme end of the high tension winding. is connected to the spark plug 19 or other ignition device. The junction of side of a breaker mechanism 21, the cam 22 of the breaker mechanism being preferably mounted on the armature shaft, and the other side of the breaker mechanism is connected to the armature brush 23. I have illustrated the device as applied to one. spark plug, but if a multicylinder engine is empl0yed, the breaker mechanism will be constructed to fulfil the necessary require- Connected across the armature brushes 23--24v is a storage battery 25, the circuit .of which is provided with a switch 26 and connected to the battery is a circuit including lamp 27 or othercu rrent consumingdevice, this circuit being also provided with a switch 28. The armature brush 24, the free end of the low tension winding 17 one sideof the shunt'field coil 16 and one side of the battery are connected together and tothe ground.

" \Vhen the engine is to be started the switch'26 is closed and current from the battery 25 flows through the shunt field 16 through the armature 2 and through the low tension winding 17 when the breaker mechanism is closed. A slight rotation of the armature opens the breaker and interrupts the flow of current through the low tension winding thus causing the windings 17 and 18 tonct as atransformer and to produce a spark at the plug 19. As the engine speed increases the transformer action gradually diminishes on account of the rapid action of the breaker, but the increase in speed The low tension winding 17 besides being.

short circuited through the armature, field and battery when the breaker is closed, has a current flowing through it which magnetizes the central pole-piece l5 in one directionand prevents the shifting of the flux therethrough and consequently the genera-' found that for a small unit such as would be re uired on a motorcycle, it is not essential, or the reason that inasuch a unit the armature and brush resistances are comparatively high, drawing a current which is not objectionably great and then only while the regulating switch is closed and the en-- gine not turning over. As soon as the engme is started a vsuflicient potential 1s nnmediately generated not only to stop the flow of current fromthe battery but to charge'it.

It is to be noted that the rapidly changing flux in the upper part of the machine does not interfere with the generation of current in the armature, for the reason that the flux when not traversing the central pole-piece 15, divides between the polepieces 7 and 8 on either side, so that a potential generated in the armature atone point, due to the toothed pole-pieces, is opposed and neutralized by a generation at another point in the opposite direction. Neither does the transformer action interfere with the generation of a current in the armature 'since the flux through the lower field-pole 6 remains substantially constant irrespective of the changes taking place 111 the upper pole pieces. This is facilitated by the presence and action of the side poles 7 and 8. It is understood that permanent magnets may be employed for excitation, in which case the field coil 16 may be omitted.

I claim:

1. A dynamo electric machine compr s ing an armature, a pole piece partly encircling the armature, means for producing a magnetic flux through said pole piece, a second pole piece partly surroundm the armature,.,a winding surrounding sai second pole piece and a pole piece arranged intermediate said first two polepieoes serving to intermittently shunt the flux from said second pole piece whereby a current is generated inthe winding.

2. A dynamo electric machine com rising an armature having regularly space teeth, a pole piece partly encircling the, armature and arranged to form a flux path of substantially constant reluctance with the armature, means for producing a flux through said pole-piece, a second pole piece partly encircling the armature and provided with regularly spaced teeth of substantially, the

' sa'nie'angular pitch as the 'rmature' teeth,

thesame angular pitch as the. armature '15' a winding "surrounding sai .toothe 1 Pole piece-'and'means including the armature for varying the flux in said toothedpole piece.

3. A dynamic electric machine comprising an armature having, regularly spaced .tctli, a pole piece partly encircling the. ar-

mature -andtarra'nged to form' a flux path of substantially constant (reluctance With v thearmaturqimeans for .producing a" flux ,throughsaid pole-piece, a second pole piece p'artly' encircling the armature and provided wlth regularly spaced teeth. of substantially teeth, a Winding surrounding said toothed'. pole piece. and a third pole piece arrahged intermediate said first-two pole p eces and provided with regularly spaced, teeth-of substantially the same angular pitch as the armature teeth, the toothed pole pieces being arranged so that when the armature teeth are aimed with the teeth onone polepiece they are un'alined withlthe teeth' on the other pole piece.-

armature," and ahigh tension winding on,

said toothed-pole piece, rotation of the'armature serving to vary the'lflux through said toothed pole piece. I

. 5;. A dynamoelect'ric'machine comprisihg'ani'arm aturaa pole piece partly 'encir-- cling the armature and arrangedto form a flux path of substantially constant reluctan'ce with the armature, means for producing a "flux through said po1e-piece, a second pole piece partly, encircling the armature, a high tension winding surrounding said second pole piece and a third pole piece arranged intermediate said first'two pole pieces serving to intermittently shunt the flux from said second pole piece;

6. In a' dynamo electric'machi'ne, an armature and of "current through. saidprlmary w1nd1ng'.'

ma'ture in which a} current is generatedfapole 'piece partly encircling the armature, means for varying the flux' throug'h said .former windings arranged on, said 'pole .piece, said", primary w indingsb'eh g' connected to sard armature, and means for in- "pole" piece, primary and secondary "transterrupting-the 'flowof current through said prima-ry winding,

7.- In 'a dynamo electric machina an'armature, a pole piece partly encircling the armature, means including the-annature forvarying the 'flux through. said pole piece,

primary and secondary transformer-Windings surrounding said'pcle'piece, the primary WlIidlng hem conne ct ed tofthe' armature and means! or interrupting the cir-I cuit through the armature and the primary winding. v

8. A dynamo electric machine comprising .an armature, having regularly spaced teeth, a pole piece partly encircling the ar-' H mature, means, vfor producing a. substantially constantfluri through said pole piece, a second pole piece partly encircling the armature and having regularly spaced teeth- -of substantially the same angular pitch 'as the armature teeth, a third pole piece arranged intermediate said 'first tvv'o pole pieces andprovided with regularly spaced teeth' of. substantially the, same angular pitch 'as the armature teeth, the toothed pole pieces being arranged so that when thearmature 'teethare 'alih'ed with -the teeth on one polepiece they are unalined with the teeth on the other pole piece, primary and secondary transformer windings surrounding one of said toothed pole pieces, the primary winding being connectedito the ar- Iheans for interrupting the flow In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my handat San Francisco, California, this 1st day of September, 19l6;

nLFoNs H. NEULAND. Inpresence of i H..-

PR6sT-'

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