US1302685A - Machine for making drills. - Google Patents

Description

E. LIUNGGREN.

.MACHINE FOR MAKING DRILLS. APPLlcATloN FILED Nov. 3o. 1917t Patented May 6, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET1 INva/vv-ofe BY Waf( a6-X) TToR/vav Illlll E. LIUNGGREN.

MACHINE Fon MAKING nnlLLss APPLICATION FILED NOVA 30| 1917. 1,302,685.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 24 Patented May 6, 1919.

E. LIUNGGREN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING DRILLS.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 30, |917.

Patented May 6, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

5. I JUNGGREN.

MAcHmE"FoR MAKlNG DmLLs. APPLICATION FILED mm1-10.1917.

1,302,685. VPimm Mn )1919.

mfg

HTTaRn/Y UNITED STATES PATENT oEEicE.

EDWARD LJUNeenEN, or FAYETTEvILLE, NEW Yoan'.

MACHINE non MAKING maints.

`To all whom t may concern:

Be it known "that I, EDWARD LJUNGGREN, a citizen of the United 'States of America, and resident of Fayetteville, in the county of GnOndaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Drills, of which the following, taken in connection with `the accompanying drawings,` is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in machines for making drills and similar implements having spirally shaped grooves or ribs, the object being to produce the drill by forging as distinguished from milling or twisting so as to compress the fiber more firmly and thereby increase its tenacity and strength, andl at the same time extending its length, whereby a greater number of drills of a given length are made from the original stock than has heretofore been produced.

`Other objects and uses contributory to the main object will be brought out in the following description.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in` section, of a drill-forming machine embodying the various features of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 2 2, Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on line 3 3, Fig. l.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the detached dies for forming the drill.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional view taken in the plane of line v 5 5, Fig. 2.

Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged transverse vertical sectional views taken, respectively, on lilies 6 6 and 7 7, Fig. l.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken in the plane of line 8 8, Fig. 2.

As illustrated, the machine comprises an upright standard or frame l having a suitable base Q adapted to rest upon the floor or other support and'its upper end provided with a journal vbearing 3 for receiving and supporting a revoluble shaft llwhich is also journaled in another bearing 5 on a bracket 6 forming' a part of the main supporting fra-me, but detachably secured thereto by bolts 7 The upper half of the bearing 3 is 'Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 6, 1919.

Application filed November 30, i917. Serial No. 204,654. l

preferably made separate from the lower portion and is connected to the base by truss `rods 3 to stiffen the frame and transis a pulley 8 adapted to `be connected by a belt to any available source of power,` not shown, said shaft being also provided with a balance wheel Q to steady its action and also to maintain its momentum during the pressing operation of the dies upon the work. i

Thefframe 1 is also provided with vertically alined ways 10 and 11- for receiving and guiding lower and upper vertically movable plungers 12 and l 3 which are also arranged in vertical alinelnent and havetheir adjacent ends split or divided transversely at M to form opposite pairs of yielding jaws.

The jaws of each-pair are provided with transverse dove-tailed grooves or recesses 15 for receiving and retaining similarly .formed portions of a pair of die-holders 16 and are adapted tobe drawn together tightly upon the die-holders by clamping bolts 15 shownby dotted lines in Fig. 5 and by full lines in Figs. 2 and 6.

The adjacent faces of the die-holders l6 are provided with lengthwise dovetailed grooves 17 for receiving similarly formed portionsof a pair of opposed dies 18 which are-provided in their meeting faces with registering lengthwise grooves 19 and diagonally disposed ribs 2() These ribs are preferably made of separate pieces of eXtra-hardened steel and are -tightly fitted in corresponding recesses in the bases of the grooves 19 in intersecting planes equi-distant from the meeting faces lof the dies when brought together.

vided through Y, its longitudinal center tov the ymanner described, the screws are always available for loosening or tightening so that the dies may be removed and replaced by others for producing adrill of different size when desired.

A bracket *22*- is mounted at one end in'rupright ways *22* on the front side of the fram-e *1* and extends forwardly therefrom, its Aupper side being horizontal and provided with lengthwise ways *23* for receiving and guiding a carriage *24* which is slidable along said ways at will by means of a handle *25* thereon.

A rotary work-holder *2o-'is journaled in suitable bearingsl *27*'and *28* on the carriage *24* and comprises a head *29* having its hub journaled in the bearing *27* and pivoted jaws v*30* for gripping straight or tapered'work, saidjaws being operated by toggles *31* through the medium of a reciprocatory rod *32* extending centrally through the head *29* and having its outer end journaled in the bearings *28*.so as to move longitudinally therein.

The head *29* engages one end of the bearing *27* to hold it against endwise movement in one direction, while the hub thereof is provided with a collar *33* engaging the adjacentend of the bearing *27* to hold the head against movement vinthe opposite direction, at the same time permitting the head to rotate freely in the bearing 7*.

A coil spring *34*- surrounds the shaft or rod *32* between the collar *33* and an additional collar *35* on the shaft *32*- for retracting the shaft and causing the jaws *30* to grip the work as the end of the stock from which the drill, as *a*, is to be made.

The means for opening the jaws consists of a hand lever *36* fulcrumed at *37* upon any extension *38* of the bearing *28* and engaging the outerrend face of `a collar *35* so that when the handle of the lever is depressed, it will force the shaft *41* for the upperplunger *13* which is provided with a cross bar *42 extending through vertically elongated openings *43* in opposite sides of the adjacent portion of theY frame, the opposite end of said cross bar being provided with suitable blocks *4A* resting upon the upper faces of the resilient supports *41*.

rlhe yielding supports for the upper plunger are arranged so as to normally hold the lower faces of the upper die just above the path of movement of the work, as the drill *a*, when held by the work-holder, and at the same time permits the plunger with the dies thereon to be moved downwardly a suiiicient distance to produce the necessary hammer blows upon the work for forming the drill.

The means for moving the upper die against the retracting action of the resilient supports *4:1* consists of a rotary disk *45* on the outer end of the shaft *4* and a series of, in this instance four, hardened cams *46* which are inserted in dove-tailed recesses *47* in the periphery of said disk uniform distances apart circumferentially, the outer faces of the cams being convex to project slightly beyond the periphery of the disks for engaging a hardened roller *48* on the upper end of the plunger *13*, as shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and 6.

It is now evident that as the disk *45* is rotated the plunger *13* will be dcpressed intermittently against the action of the retracting buifers or supports *41* to produce the necessary hammer action of the dies upon the work for progressively forming the drill from one end as the work is advanced by the rearward movement of the carriage *24*-.

The drills are formed with opposite spiral grooves running in parallelism in substantially the same manner as twistdrills, and in addition to the intermittent hammering of the drill stock for bringing it to the desired form, it is necessary to impart a rotary motion to the work by a uniform speed of rotation of the work-holder with the work therein during the forging operation by the dies, and for this purpose the outer end of the shaft *32* is made in the form o'f a drum of relatively small diameter, around which are several turns #-48* of a wire cable *49* to produce the desired means for turning the shaft as the cable is wound and unwound in opposite directions.

After the cable is wound around the reduced end of the shaft *32* in the manner described, it is extended laterally in opposite directions over idlers *50* on relatively stationary spindles *51* on the carriage *24*, as shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and 7, and are then extended downwardly around sheaves *52* on opposite weights *53*, the ends of said wires being then returned upwardly and fastened to their corresponding spindles *51* so that the weights are supported by the wires and are free to move vertically as the cable is wound in opposite directions upon the shaft S2- These `weights -53- are guided in their vertical movement by rods 54ehaving their upper ends secured to corresponding sides of the carriage w24- and their lower ends passed loosely through guide openings in the weights, as shown more clearly 1n Fig. lt

Suitable means is provided to coperate plane and along and upon which the weights -53- are movable with the carriage i2/lv,

the upper edges of said guides -55- being straight, while the weights -53- are provided with rollers -56- movable along and upon the straight edges of the guides so as. to enable the sliding movement of the weights along said guides with a minimum degree of friction.`

These guides -55are pivotally secured at one end by bolts -57- to the bracket 2B- at opposite sides of the vertical plane of movement of the weights #53- and ineline downwardly in opposite directions from their respective pivotal bolts.

Both of these guides #55 may be adjusted vertically about the axes of their respective pivotal bolts --5Y-, but vary their degree of inclination which determines the pitchof the spiral grooves in the work and are held in their adjusted position by tightening the pivotalbolt FN- it being understood that both guides will always be adjusted to the same angle, but incline in opposite directions so that when one weight islmoved up the incline of one guide, the other weight will have a corresponding movement down the inclination of the other guide, thereby maintaining aiuniform tension upon the wire t cable --4E9- to effect a uniform rotation of the shaft -32- and Work-holder thereon.

Each die is adapted to form substantially one-half of the circumference of the drill and, therefore, in beginning their operations upon the work, their respective plungers are adjusted to separate them a sufiicient distance to receive such work'.

lt is, of course, obvious that the impres' sions made by each die upon the work at each successive blow is only slight and that a considerable number ofsuccessive blows are required to make the desired impressions and bring the work to the proper form, and inas- "ing block F-6O-- having a double wedge suitable pitch which would enable the block M60- to ride freely up the incline -62-,

but the upper face of the wedge is of a different ipitch, in this instance, half of the pitch of its lower face, and is in direct engagement with the under side of the adjacent end of the bracket m22 so as to move said bracket with the carriage -24 and work-holder -26- thereon at substantially half the speed as that of the lower plunger l2- as the block -60- is moved back and forth, the object of which is to gradually advance the dies into the work during the successive hammer blows, it being understood that the difference in relative degrees of movement of the work-holder and lower plunger is to keep the work centrally between the dies and to compensate for the limita- 4 tions of adjustment of the upper plunger.

The means for reciprocating the sliding block -60- consists of a hand lever -63- Afulcrumed at 641- to a lug on the main supporting frame -1- and pivotally connected at -65- to the adjacent end of the bleek -60-, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2, said block being also provided with a pivoted pawl 66- for engaging ratchet teeth -67- on the `base of the frame -las the block is advanced up the incline by the lever -63-, said pawl being adapted to be released from its holding position by means of a'tripping lever #68- and suitable connections with the pawl, as shown in Fig. 2.

The diameter of the work and depth of formation of the grooves is determined by a limiting stop -GQM located in the path of movement of the wedge block mlil-e which is shown in the position which it assumes when the drill is properly formed.

The operation of the lever -63- is also used to prevent the full return of the upper plunger toits normal position from the resilient supports --ll-, after each hammer blow thereon by the cams -4-6-, and for this purpose the lower end of the lever is connected by a link -'-70-- to an upright lever -71- which is fulcrumed at 72- upon the mainsupporting frame 1 and Yhas its upper end connected by a link -73- to a transversely sliding bar -74-- This bar is movable in ways -75- on the mainframe and is provided in its lower edge with a recess -76'-, the end walls of which are beveled for engaging a roller -77- on the front face of the upper plunger 1d- Y the frame -1-, or stand more closely in an upright position.

.N ow, as the forging operation upon the work by the dies begins, the lever ,--63-V is gradually'rocked toward the position shown -in F ig. v2, and as one portion of the work is brought more or less closely to the de- -sired form by repeated hammer blows of the upper die, said work is advanced a short distance at a time not greater than the transverse width of the ribs -20- of the dies, this latter movement being accomplished manually by means of the handle -25-, during which the weights 53- arc moved by their connections with the carriage Q4- along the inclined guides -55-, thus causing a gradual rotation of the work-holder and work therein so that aS these operations are continued a spiral groove will be formed in the work, the pitch of which will depend upon the degree of inclination of the guides -55-.

As the operation of the lever 6B- continues, vthe'movement of the wedge 6lof the block will gradually elevate the lower plunger -12- and bracket 28j while the beveled wall at one end of the recess -76- in the sliding member 74- will ride into the path of return of the roller -77-of the upper plunger 13 to maintain the advanced position of said upper plunger so that the amount of movement of the plunger by the cams gradually becomes less as the dies'are pressed into the work.

It will be observed that the impression by the dies upon the workfat each hammer blow produced by the cams --'c6 is comparatively slight, yet it is repeated rapidly, and quickly brings that particular portion of the work to the desired form, whereupon the carriage is operated to bring the next adj acent portion of the work into position to be Aoperated upon by the dies, or, the movement ofthe carriage may begin to advance the work as soon as the dies start to operate thereon, in which case the carriage will be moved back and forth until the entire work is brought to the desired form and size.

In order that the bracket -22- may be more easily moved vertically without binding or excessive friction, its forward end is partially supported by a standard composed of telescoping sections -80- and -81- which are relatively adjustable longitudinally and are held in their adjusted position by clamping bolt -82-, the lower section -80- being adapted to rest upon the floor, while the upper section is movable ina socket -83 in the bracket 2Q- and is engaged with one end of a spring *84- having its opposite end abutting against the upper wall of the socket, said spring being under sufficient tension to assist the wedge -61- in raising the bracket, and at the same time is sufliciently resilient to yield under the weight of the bracket as the latter is moved downwardly.

IVhile the machine is particularly adapted for making drills of the form commonly known as twist drills, it is evident that it may be used for making any other implements requiring the formation of spiral Y grooves or ribs.

Furthermore, while the present machine contemplates operating upon stock which .has been brought to a white heat, I do not wish to limit myself to its operation upon heated objects, since it is evident that it could be used for forming similar articles of manufacture from cold metal.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine for making drills, the combination of cooperative dies and means for operating one die in relation to the other die, a work-holder and operating means therefor for advancing the work between the dies, Ameans for rotating the work-holder during said advancing movement and means for gradually lessening the movement of the first-named die as the diameter of the work is reduced.

2. In a machine for makin drills, the combination with coperative dies and means for operating one die in relation to the other die, of a work-holder and operating means therefor for advancing the work between the dies, means for rotating the work-holder at uniform speeds as it advances the work between the dies and means for moving said. other die ste by step toward the first-named die as the dia-meter of the work is reduced.

3. In a machine of the character described, the combination of coperative dies, means for moving one die toward and from the other die, a rotary work-holder, a sliding support for the work-holder movable axially thereof to advance the work between the dies, automatic means for rotating the workholder during the movement of the support, means for gradually lessening the movement of the first-named die as the diameter of the work is reduced, and means for moving said other die step by step toward the firsti named die during said reduction of the work.

4tensioning the same, means on the carriage for causing the weights to move therewith, and inclined guides along and upon which the weights are movable as the carriage is moved back and forth, said guides being disposed in intersecting planes at the same angle to the plane of movement of the car-` riage.

5. In a machine of the character described, the combination of coperative dies, a plunger supporting one of the dies, a yielding support for the plunger normally acting to separate its die from the companion die, means for gradually reducing the amount of said separation as the diameter of the work is reduced, a rotary member having a cam acting upon the plunger to force the latter to its pressing position against the action of said yielding support, and means for holding the work between the dies.

6. In a machine of the character de scribed, the combination of coperative dies, a plunger supporting one of the dies, a yielding support for the plunger normally acting to separate its die from the companion die, a rotary member having a cam acting upon the plunger to force the latter to its pressing position against the action of said yielding support, a rotary work-holder, means for moving the work-holder axially to advance the work between the dies and means for gradually reducing the movement of said plunger as the diameter of the work is reduced.

7 In a machine of the character described, the combination of coperative dies, a plunger supporting one of the dies, a yielding support for the plunger normally acting to separate its die from the companion die, a rotary member having a cam acting upon the plunger to force the latter to its pressin position against the action of said yielgding support, a rotary work-holder, means for moving the work-holder axially to advance the work between the dies, automatic means for rotating the work-holder as it is moved axially and automatic means for gradually advancing and holding the second-named die nearer to the first-named die as the diameter of the work is reduced.

8. In a machine of the character described, thecombination of coperative dies, and separate supports therefor, each movable in relation to theiother to bring the dies into pressing coaction upon the work, retracting means for one support, a rotary cam for operating said support against the action of its retracting means, -means `for gradually advancing and holding the other support nearer to the work as the latter is reduced in diameter', a rotary work-holder, means for moving the work-holder axially to advance the work between the dies, and automatic means for rotating the workholder as the latter is moved axially.

9. In a machine of the character described, the con'ibination of a supporting frame, a plunger movable thereon, a die on the plunger, a separate die opposing the first-named die, a sliding wedge engaging the plunger, means for operating the wedge step by step in one direction for gradually moving the plunger toward the work as the latter is reduced by the dies, and means for holding the work between the dies.

10." In a machine of the character described, coperative dies, a plunger carrying one of the dies, devices for reciprocating the other die toward and from the work, a rotary work-holder, a carriage therefor movable axially thereof for advancing the work between the dies, a support for the carriage, and means for moving the support step by step at right angles to the direction of movement of the carriage as the work is reduced.

11. In a machine of the character described, coperative dies, a plunger carrying one of the dies, devices for reciprocating the other die toward and from the work, a rotary work-holder, va carriage therefor movable axially thereof for advancing the work between the dies, a support for the carriage, and means for moving the support step by step in one direction to keep the axis of the work midway between the dies as said work is reduced in diameter.

12. In a machine of th'e character described, a pair of dies having registering longitudinal grooves, and ribs extending diagonally across the grooves in intersecting planes in combination with means for forcing one die toward the other die, rotary means for holding the work between the dies, and means for moving the other die step by step toward the first-named die as the work is reduced in diameter.

13. In a machine for making drills, the combination of a pair of dies having ribs disposed in intersecting planes, means for rotating the work betweenthe dies, means for `intermittingly moving one die toward the other die, retracting means for the movable die, and automatic means for gradually diminishing the amount of movement of said movable die as the diameter of the work is reduced.

14. In a machine for making drills, the combination of a pair of dies having ribs disposed'in intersecting planes, means for intermittingly moving one of the dies toward the other die, retracting means for the -ribs disposed in intersecting planes crossing each other in the produced axis of the workholder, means for moving the workholder axially, means including a handlever for opening the jaws of the workholder, a spring for retracting said jawopening means, means for rotating the workholder in reverse directions as it is moved back and forth axially, and means for intermittingly operating one of the dies toward the other die.

16. In a machine for making drills, the combination of a pair of dies, one of which is movable toward and from the other, a carriage movable toward and from the dies, a rotary workholder mounted on the carriage with its axis in substantially the plane of the meeting faces of the dies and com.l

prising a pair of toggle levers at opposite sides of said axis, a pair of jaws pivoted to' said levers, a reciprocatory spindle coaxial with the workholder for operating the toggle levers to open and close the jaws, a spring for retracting said spindle to close the jaws upon the work, and a hand-lever for moving'the spindle axially against the action of said spring.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of November, 1917.

EDWARD LJ UN GGREN.

Witnesses:

H. E. CHASE, Amon M. CANNON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

. Washington, ZD. C.

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