US1286266A - Range-burner. - Google Patents

Description

0. FALKENWALDE.

RANGE BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. z. 19H}.-

Putented Dec. 3, 1918.

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0. FALKENWALDE.

RANGE BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1. I918- Patented Dec. 3, 1918.

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OSCAR FALKENWALDE, OF

. a F l BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

ICE.

RANGE-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 3, 11918.

Continuation of application Serial No. 142,010. filed January 12, 1917. This application filed March 7, 1918.

Serial No.

T 0 all whom it, may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR FALKENWALDE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Baltimore, State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Range-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a burner for generating and consuming mixed water and oil vapor. The present applicant is the patentee in U. S. Patent No. 723,828. granted July 14th, 1903, on the device of which patent this invention is an improvement, this, application being a continuation of application Serial No. 142,010.

T he object of the invention is to provide a generator and burner in which the fuel is vaporized at a low temperature so that disintegration and carbonization will not take place; to mix the vapor with water and air in proportions to give complete combustion and ellicient generation of heat; to regulate the fuelsupplv to the consumption and thus effect in reased economy; and also to provide means for draining the burner when it is extinguished to prevent flooding of the vaporizer and consequent carbonization. This burner is particularly adapted for use in ranges or stoves though some of the features may be otherwise applied to furnace burners. steam generators and the like.

In the improved form of burner, the oil vapor is discharged from the gas nozzle into a converter chamber in'a moist condition instead of being in the form ofa dry gas, and water is supplied in such a manner as to form a film or curtain in the path of the gas jet 'at the mouth of the chamber which is open to admit air with the gas jet, thereby effecting a thorough. commingling of air, water vapor and oil vapor forming a water. gas which is consumed at the Bunsen burner openings as hereinafter described.

This vaporization of the oil without disintegration. takes place in a generator which, contrary to the regular practice in such matters, is out of line of the burners and receives only indirectheat. The vapor or gas then goes to an expansion chamber, also out of line of the burners, where it is retained in the form of a vapor until fed through the nozzle to the converter.

Regulation of theo-il supply is accomplished by an automaticallyoperated pressure regulating valve adapted to close or partiallyclose the feed of oil to the generator causing the oil supply to be controlled by the pressure in the generator so that no oil is fed and vaporized until needed. This valve as is apparent from the drawing is perforated or loosely seated so that it cannot eifect a complete cut-off of the oil supply and cause, the burner to be extinguished.

In the improved form of the burner as herein illustrated, I provide a combined shield and deflector adapted to protect the oil vapor nozzle, needle valve and the end of the generator pipe from the intense heat of the burner. This also serves as a spreader causing a uniform distribution of heat throu h the range, stove or furnace.

The further objects of the invention are to reduce the weight and cost and increase the compactness of the burner and to provide such a watergas generator and burner adapted for the use of various grades of oil and for heating various devices, such as,

stoves, furnaces, boilers and the like.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 have illustrated a burner constructed in accordance with the preferred form of my invention, it being understood that various changes in the form, propo1'tions,'size and minor details of the construction within the claims may be resorted to without sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Figure 1 is a central section of the generator, burner and shield Fig. 2 is atop plan of the same, the shield being omitted;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3, 3 of Fig. 1 showing the converter only;

Fig. 4 is a perspective of the shield;

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5, 5 of Fig. 1, showing the converter, base and generator;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing the burner applied to a range, the latter being broken away for convenience in illustration;

Fig. 7 is a detail, perspective of the bottom casing or base; and

Fig. 8 is a detail of the automatic valve.

Referring to the drawings by numerals,

the device consists of a conical or otherwise elongated converter chamber 1, shown as circular in cross-section, horizontally placed and open at the front or larger end and closed at the rear, an expansion chamber 2 preferably overlying the converter and parallel to the axis, and a pan or base 3 supporting the converter. The converter has a series of horizontal openings e at the sides extended outward beyond the Walls in the form of tubular members 5. Each of these has inter inlet opening 6, preferably from below so that these extensions or openings are in fact Bunsen burners consuming Water gas or oil vapor, Water vapor and air mixed in the converter chamber. In addition to the burner openings a, the converter also has pressure equalizing openings 7 on each side of the center at the top. At times combustion may take place at these openings though they are primarily intended as pressure equalizing openings rather than combustion openings.

In addition to the openings already described, the converter has at the open end, an annular groove 8 extending entirely around the inside surface. At the top there is an inlet opening 9 and at the bottom an outlet opening or drip l0. 'l Vater is supplied to the annular groove 8 from a tank 11 by Way of a pipe 12, terminatingin a drip nozzle 13 The flow is directly over the opening 9. controlled by a suitable needle or other fine regulating valve 14;. I

The Water supply, regulated at Will by the valve-1st, is permitted todrip into the annuilar groove 8 so that the groove is kept filled With'vvater which is picked up by the rush of gas or oil vapor from the gas nozzle into the converter as hereinafter described; The converter is closed at the rear or smaller end. The generator chamber 16 is directly in the rear of the converter and contains a pressure valve 15 controlled by the gas pres sure as hereinafter described. The feed pipe 17 from the oil tank 18 is led to a point well beneath the converter at the rear Where there is a shut-off valve 19 and a drip cock 20 between the generator and the Valve 19. Beyond the drip cock, the pipe leads upward through the bottom of the generator chamber 16. In the bottom of the valve chamber surrounding the end of the pipe 17, is a suitable valve seat 21 on which the valve leis seated. The latter is preferably in the f rm of an inverted cup. This valve is guided by a stem 23 on which it is preferably loosely mounted, the stem being passed through an enlarged opening 24, or the valve may be otherwise perforated so that While it has a marked effect on the flow of fuel, it is incapable of shutting it off completely. The expansion chamber 2, placed above the converter, extends Well forward of the mouth of the converter and at its forward end there is a pipe 28 deflected downward terminating in a nozzle 25 controlled by a needle valve 26 adapted to the regulation of the flow of the vapor With an extreme degree of accuracy.

The converter 1 is provided With depending lugs or feet 30, four in number, resting on corresponding upright lugs or supports 31 in the bottom pan or base 3. These lugs are preferably arranged in pairs. The lugs 31 are shouldered at 33 to receive the lugs on the converter and may, if desired, be provided With flanges 34 to engage the lugs or feet 30 and prevent displacement of the converter. The base, as shown, has in the portion beneath the converter longitudinal channels 35 at each side and 36 in the center. This latter has longitudinal openings 37 in its side Walls to provide for the admission of air. At the rear end of the pan or base 3 is a collecting pocket 38 and at the front end a pocket 39, the latter having its bottom inclined downward to the rear. These pockets are connected by channels 35, 36 already described, though the former are above the'level of thepockets. The front pocket 39 is preferablypro'vided with a lining lO of asbestos mat or other suitable nonintlammable material. This pocket-serves to collect the drippings, if any, from the oil and Water supply nozzles and also serves as a'starter cup to receive the oil to heat the oil nozzle and the adjacent portion of the generator in startin The channels 35 are inclined from the front pocket 39 to the rear pocket 38 and the center channel 36 is inclined from the latter pocket so that the drippings from the Bunsen burners or crossflues, if any, are caught in the side channels and carried to the rearpoclret 38 whence they get. into the central" channel 36 and are consumed, preventing any Waste of fuel.

The burner or generator is designed to be installed within astove or range though it may be employed for various other purposes as in the generation of steam for power plants, steam heating, heating Water in hot Water heating systems, hot Water supply systems or the like. It is therefore capable of being made in various shapes and sizes to conform tothe various conditions presented. In the installation illustrated, itis equipped With a hood or shield 46 of sheet metal or other suitable material bent in the form of a right angle, having-a top horizontal portion 47 and a vertical depending portion 48 extending across the fire box. The shield is centrally apertured at as to'receive and inclose the larger open end of the converter l and this aperture has a recess 50 to receive the expansion pipe. It also has numerous smaller perforations 51 in the horizontal portion 47 and near the bend 52 connecting the parts 47 and 48. The shield prevents Waste of heat at the front of the stove and also prevents flaring back by shielding the oil'nozzle. It also serves to spread the flames and cause uniform heating over the entire range top. The injection of air with the gas at the converter mouth causes a slight vacuum or suction through the holes 51' This draws the flame and heat forward; to the front of the range which in the absence of the spreader, is but slightly heated. In this way it is made possible to use the'entire range top for cooking. The shield fits the fire box and the pan or base being of corresponding outline, and is preferably made tightby means of cement. All the parts, particularly the converter casting, are designed for lightness, economy of material and quickness of heating to the temperature of operation.

v In operation, liquid hydrocarbon fuel, as kerosene, fuel oil or the like, is fed under low pressure by gravity or air through the supply pipe 17. The pocket 39 is supplied with oil by opening the valve 19, the drip 20 being closed. When the mat 40 is saturated and preferably the entire'base contains a considerable amount of oil and the converter is-wet with it, the oil is burned to heat the nozzle 25 and the converter. etc., the valve 19 being cracked. When the parts have reached the requisite ten'iperature, the valve 19 is opened to permit theifiow of oil through the pipe 17 The point of vaporization of the oil is first at the nozzle 25 but moves back as the parts become heated. In operation, vaporization takes place in the generator chamber 16, the same being at times part full of boiling oil. The valve 15 regulates the oil supply, being closed by the vapor pressure and opened by the oil pressure which latter is slight.

The oil. supply is regulated automatically to the consumption by means of the valve 15. When the pressure in the generator is so low as to requirefurther oil to keep up the supply of vapor to the nozzle 25, the back pressure on the valve 15 is so reduced as to permit it to rise in response to the supply pressure of the fuel in the pipe 17. When the pressure in the generator so increases as to make a further supply of oil to the generator unnecessary or undesirable, this pressure acting on the valve 15 causes it to close and check partially at least the flow of oil from the pipe 17. The valve 15 is preferably so arranged by perforations or by looseness as to the fit of the stem 23 which guides the valve, that there will be a certain flow of fuel at all times, preventing extinction of the flame'under or because of any conditions of variation of pressure in the generator. When the vapor pressure drops from la k of fuel supply, the valve is opened permitting the oil to rise until the vapor pressure increases sufficiently to place the valve ba k on its seat. If the pressure of the oil is insufficient to lift the valve against the vapor pressure which may be considered a normal condition of. equilibrium, the oil leaks through the opening 2 1 and flows down over the cup, vaporizing on the heated surface of the cup and passing through the expansion chamber 2 to the nozzle 25. This regulation accomplishes agreat economy, saving a gallon or two a day.

Vaporization of the oil in the heated generator causes a jet of vapor to issue from the nozzle or ejector 25, the same being directed into the openingin the retort. The water, which is supplied by gravity, is turned on at the same time and permitted to flow into the annular groove 8 which it follows around the inner circumference of the converter. This is picked up by the oil vapor and carried into the converter, forming a curtain of water'vapor and mingling with the hydrocarbon vapor. After the burner is started, the discharge of the vapor into the open end of the converter body and the combustion of the water gas at the transverse openings, fines or Bunsen burners, will cause a suction of air to the converter body providing an air supply sufficient to give complete combustion. To this is added the supply drawn in to the Bunsen burner members 5 through the openings 6.

The positions of the generator and expansion chamber relative to the burner openlugs and hence to the flame. are such that they are not heated to a sufiicient degree to crack the oil but merely to vaporize it and the jet of oil and vapor is directed from the nozzle into the opening in the converter at such a low temperature that the hand may be held in front of-it and the oil deposited on the skin without discomfort. The screen tends to maintain this low temperature of the vapor and to prevent flaring back, 2'. e., burning of the fuel at the nozzle. It also serves to distribute the heat and to keep the front lower parts of the stove and the valve 26 cool and the entire top of the stove hot by drawing the flame forward as described.

The drip cock 20 has an important function' in making it possible to drain the burner when extinguished. This prevents carbonization or breaking up of the oil due to heating of the parts as the oil supply is cut off. By shutting off the oil at 19 and opening the drip 20, the oil is immediately removed from the generator and carbonization from this source rendered impossible.

The low temperature of the oil vapor in the generator and expansion chamber prevents carbonization at these points and the mixture of the oil vapor with water vapor and air in the converter provides for complete combustion so that there is no loss of efficiency and no formation of carbon at any point. The fuel is all burned and all burned economically to generate the greatest amount of heat. In the burners which have been taken down and examined after long use, no deposit of carbon has been found at any point.

I have thus described my invention specifi cally and in detail in order that its nature and operation may be fully understood;

however, the specific terms herein are used descriptively rather than in their limiting sense and the scope of the invention is defined in the claims:

1. A water gas generator and burner in cluding a converter'of tubular form provided with transverse apertures and having an open end, a generator and a nozzle arranged to discharge hydrocarbon vapor into the open end of the converter body, said converter body being provided with a water channel on the interior surface of the converter, and means for supplying water to the same to cause a film or curtain of water vapor to form at the open end of the converter body to commingle with the hydrocarbon vapor.

2. A water gas generator and burner ineluding a converter body of tubular form provided with transverse apertures and having an open end, a generator and a nozzle arranged to discharge hydrocarbon vapor into the open end of the converter body, said converter body being provided at its open end with an interior water groove or channel, and means for supplying water to the same to form a water vapor at the open end of the converter body to. commingle with the hydrocarbon vapor.

3. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body of tubular form provided with transverse apertures and having an open end, a generator and a nozzle arranged to discharge hydrocarbon vapor into the open end of the converter body, said converter body being provided at its open end with an interior annular groove or channel and having inlet and outlet openings located respectively at the top and bottom thereof, and means for supplying water to the said groove or channel to form water vapor at the open end of the converter body to commingle with the hydrocarbon vapor.

4s, A water gas generator and burner in cluding a tapered tubular converter body open at one end and provided at opposite sides with lateral burner openings and having tubular extensions located at the said openings and provided each with an air inlet aperture, said converter body being also provided at the top with pressure equalizing openings, a generator out of line of the burner openings, an expansion chamber extending over the top of the converter body and provided at the open end of the same with a nozzle for discharging hydrocarbon vapor into the said converter body, and means for supplying Water to the said converter body to form a Water vapor to mix with the hydrocarbon vapor.

5. A Water gas generator and burner including a converter body having an open end and provided with lateral burner open ings, a generator at the rear end of said body, an expansion chamber extending over the top of the converter body and provided at one end thereof With a nozzle, avalve for cutting oil the flow of oil through the generator, and means below the generator and between the generator and said valve for draining the oil therefrom.

6. A water gas generator and'burner ineluding a converter body having an open end and provided with lateral burner open-, ings, an expansion pipe extending over the top of the converter body and having a nozzle directed into one end of the same, a generator chamber at the other end of the converter body, and an automaticvalve located therein and adapted to open under the pressure of the oil and maintained at intervals in its closed position by gravity and the pressure within the generator pipe.

7. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body having an open end and provided with lateral burner openings, an expansion pipe extending over the top of the converter body and an ejector located at the open end of the same, a generator chamber at the other end of the converter body, said expansion pipe being connected thereto, and a cup shaped valve operat ng in the generator chamber, the valve having a small opening in the top and being automatically operated by the flow of the 011 and by the pressure within the generator pipe and gravity.

8. A Water gas generator and burner including a converter body open at one end and provided with lateral burner openings, at nozz e arranged to discharge oil vapor into the open end of the converter body, and a hood composed of an upright portion located at the open end of the converter body and a. rearwardly extending portion arranged above the ejector, said hood being adapted to form a shield for the ejector and having perforations to spread the flames of the burner to cause a uniform heating of the en tire top of the stove or range.

9. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body of approximately tubular formation having an open end and provided with lateral burner openings, a

' generator, a nozzle connected to the generator and directed in at the open end of the converter, and a hood forming a shield for the ejector and arranged to spread the flames of the burner, said hood comprising an upright portion fitted against the open end of the converter body and having an opening registering with the opening of the said body and receiving the generator pipe, said upright portion being also provided at the bottom with a recess, a base supporting the converter body and extending into the recess of the upright portion of the hood, the latter being also provided with a rearwardly extending portion arranged over the ejector.

10. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body open at one end and having lateral burner openings, a base supporting the converter body and providcd with central and side channels or troughs and having front and rear pockets, the front pocket being arranged at an inclination and communicating with the central channel, a generator, a nozzle located at the open end of the converter, and means for supplying water to the converter body, the latter being provided with a water outlet located above the central channel of the base.

11. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body having an open end and provided with lateral burner openings, a base supporting the converter body and having central and side troughs or channels and provided with a rear pocket communicating with the central trough or channel and extending below the same, said rear pocket being also provided with an opening, an expansion pipe extending along the top of the converter body and provided with an ejector located at the open end'of the converter body, a vertical generator chamber located at the rear pocket and extending through the opening thereof, and means for supplying water to the converter body.

12. A water gas generator and burner including a converter body of approximately tubular form open at one end, an expansion pipe extending along the top of the converter body and provided at the open end thereof with a nozzle and a vertical generator chamber at the other end, and a base supporting the converter body and provided with longitudinal channels or troughs and having front and rear pockets, the rear pocket having an opening through which the generator extends and the front pocket being extended and set at an inclination and located beneath the nozzle to form a starting cup.

13. In a water gas generator and burner, an open-ended converter. a plurality of burners at the side, each having an air inlet opening, a pipe on top of the converter out of line of the burners, a nozzle connected to the said pipe and directed into the converter, means for supplying water to the converter adjacent the nozzle, a generator also out of line of the burner openings connected to said pipe, means for supplying oil to the generator, and a pressure regulating valve controlling the fuel supply and closed by the gas pressure in the generator and opened by the fuel supply pressure, the valve in closed posiitiori being arranged to pass a small supply o 01 14. In a water gas generator and burner, a conical converter having Bunsen burners at the side, a pipe heated from the converter and out of the line of the burner openings, a generator connected to said pipe and also out of line of the burners, a nozzle, connected to the pipe and directed into the converter leaving an air opening around the nozzle, and means for supplying water in small quantities to the mouth of the converter.

15. In a water gas generator and burner, a conical converter, open at one end having Bunsen burners at the side, a generator pipe out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator and directed into the open end of the converter leaving an air opening around the nozzle. means for supplying water in small quantities to the mouth of the converter, means for supplying oil to the generator, and an automatic regulating valve in the generator, the same being closed by the gas pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply pressure.

16. In a water gas generator and burner, a converter, a generator, an oil supply pipe to the generator, an automatic pressure regu-- lating valve in the generator, closed by the pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply, a shut-cit valve between the oil supply and the automatic valve, and a cock between the shut-off valve and the automatic valve. the automatic valve having leakage suilicient to permit the draining of the generator when the cock is open and th oil su ply valve closed.

17. In a hydrocarbon burner. a converter having Bunsen burners at the side. a generator. a pipe c nnected thereto overlying the converter. both the generator and the pipe being out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the pipe and directed into one end of the converter which is open leaving an air opening around the nozzle, means for supplying water to the open end of the converter, means for supplying oil to the generator. and an automatic valve controlling the oil supply, the same being closed by the gas pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply pressure. the valve having a permanent opening suflicient to prevent extinction of the flame.

18. In a hydrocarbon burner, a converter having Bunsen burners at the side. a generator heated by the converter and burners and out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator and directed into one end of the converter which is open leaving an air opening around the noz zle, means for supplying water in small quantities to the o en end of the converter, means for supplying oil to the generator, and an automatic valve controlling the oil supply, the same being closed by the gas pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply pressure. the valve having an aperture to supply oil to prevent extinction of the flame in case the oil pressure becomes insufficient to open it.

19. In a hydrocarbon burner, a converter having Bunsen burners at the side, a generator out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator and directed into one end of the converter which is open leaving an'air opening around the nozzle, means for supplying water in small quantities to the open end'of the converter, means for supplying oil to the generator, and an automatic valve in the generator chamber, the same being closed by the gas pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply pressure, the valve being in the form of an inverted cup and having a guiding stem with an aperture in the valve to receive the stem allowing sufiieient play to permit flow of oil to the burner and to prevent extinction of the flame when the valve isclosed.

20. In a hydrocarbon burner, a converter having Bunsen burners at the side, a gener ator out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator and directg ed into one end of the converter which is open leaving an'air opening around the nozzle, means for supplying Water in small, quantities to the open end of the converter, means for supplying oil to the generator, and an automatic valve in the generator chamber, the same being closed'by the gas pressure in the generator and opened by the oil supply pressure, the valve being in the form of an inverted cup and having an opening for escape of a small quantity of oil to flow down over the sides of thecup when the valve is closed.

21. In a water gas generator, a converter having a central opening with Bunsen burners at the side, a generator heated from the converter and out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator and directed into the converter, the latter having an opening into Which the nozzle is directed leaving an air opening around the nozzle, and means for supplying water in small quantities to the opening in the converter.

In a water gas generator, a converter having a central opening with Bunsen burners at the side, a generator heated from the converter and out of line of the burner openings, a nozzle connected to the generator. and directed to the converter, the latter having an opening into Which the nozzle is directed leaving an air opening around the nozzle, and means for supplying water in small quantities tov the opening in the converter, the converter having an annular orifice inside the opening to receive and hold the Water-which is vaporized by the injection of oil vapor and mingled therewith forming with the-air a combustible mixture.

Signed by me at Baltimore, Maryland, this 4 day of March, 1918.

OSCAR FALKENWALDE. "Witnesses ZELLA KUHN, ALICE G. DONEGAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained. for five cents each, by addressing the Commissionerof Patents,

7 Washington, D. G.

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