US1275901A - Magneto-machine. - Google Patents

Description

H. F. GEIST.

MAGNETO MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. l9!6.

1,275,901. Patented Aug. 13, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET L E/Lv'inessea fave/0Z5?" H. F. GEIST.

MAGNETO MACHINE.

APPLICATION man MAY 20, 1916.

1,275,901. Patented Au 13, 1918.

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H. F. GEIST.

MAGNETO MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 1916.

1,275,901. Patented Aug. 13, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WZZWSSGS; Even/Z0 H. F. GElST.

MAGNEIO MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 19-16.

1,275,901. I Patented Aug. 13, 1918.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

' with my invention;

' parts therein contained;

"is a more or less removable end plate broken away um'rrn STATES PATENT orric HARRY F. GEIST, OF BACINE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T

WEBSTER ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF WISCONSIN.

RACINE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF MAGNETO-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. I PatntedAug, 13 1918 Application filed hiay 20, 1916. Seria1N'o.98,903.

To all whqm it may concern: Be itknown that I, HARRY F. Gnis'r, a citizen of the -United States, residing at Racine in the county of Racine and State of lVisconsin, have invented acertain'new and useful Improvement in Magneto-Machines,- of which the following is a full clear, concise, andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying draw ings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to dynamo electric machines, and more particularly to magneto machines capable of being used for ignition purposes in association with internal combustion engines. Although my invention is particularly applicable to ignition magnetos it will b'eunderstood that the underlying principle upon which my hereinafter described machine operates is not limited solely to, ignition magnetos, but may be incorpoated in magneto machines of other classes' A magneto machine constructed in accordance with and embodying the teachings of my present invention is etlieient, may be cheaply manufactured. and may be so arranged that'its several component parts occupy a minimum space, thus affording a compact magneto structure.

I believe the'novel features of my invention will most readily be understood from a description read. in connection with the drawings illustrating my invention. I shall, therefore, proceed at once a a detailed description of the drawings wherein Figure l diagrammatic view which illustrates the general construction of a magneto machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an axial sectional view of a high tension magneto constructed in accordance Fig. 3 is an end view of the magneto with the'permanent and removable end plates dctached more clearly to illustrate the interior construction;

Fig. l is an end view of the magneto machine of Figs 2 and 3wit-h a portion of the to illustrate how the coil carrying cores are secured in position, the housing for the interrupter devices being shown in section to reveal the Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line of Fig. 2 and looking n the direction indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 6 is .a diagrammatic representation of the circuit con'nections desirably em ployed in a machine of the type shown in Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive;

I Fig. 7 is an isolated'view in perspective of a modified form of the rotor;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken through the pole pieces of a machine provided with a further rotor modification;

Fig. 9 is a side elevational view of a modified form of magneto machine embodying certain features of my present invention;

Fig. 10 is a vertical axial sectional view of the machine illustrated in Fig. 9; and

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 11-11 of Fig. 10 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring first to the diagrammatic showing of Fig. 1, .20 illustrates a base plate of any suitable non-magnetic material upon which is mounted a pair of U or horse shoe permanent magnet sets 2121 and 22-22. It will be noted that the magnets of the sets 21-'21 and 222-2 are disposed side by side and spaced apart with the corresponding poles ofthe permanent magnet sets located adjacentthe'same side of the base plate. 20.

The pole pieces -21-N and 2*2N support and are connected by a coil carrying core 23, and the pole pieces Ql-S and 22 -8 support and are connected by a similar C011 carrying core Ql, the coil carrying cores as shown in .this figure having their extremities conformed to rest upon thetops of their 7 associated pole pieces. The cores 23 and 2i are provided with suitable generating wind ings illustrated at 25 and 26 respectively. lnasmuchas the purpose of Fig. 1 is merely to enable a clear understanding of the op.-

eration of the machine it have not in this figure shown any of the devices whereby the several parts of machine are fastenedin position, nor have I illustrated all of the operating parts in all of their detail.

Operating around an axis spanned by the magnets is a rotor 27, the shaft of which is journaled in suitable end plates (not shown). This rotor is constructed of magnetic material and at its ends is provided with arms, or projections, 27* and 27 located 180 apart and provided with convex extremities arranged when the rotor is operated to sweep past the pole pieces of the magnet sets. lit will be seen that the rotor arm 27 operates in proximity to the pole pieces 21N, 21S of the permanent magnet set 21-21, whereas the rotor arm 27* operates in proximity to the pole pieces 22N and 22S of the magnet set 22-22. It will be understood that the generating windings 25 and 26 are suitably connected in circuit in any approved manner, not shown.

In the operation of the machine when the rotor is revolved eafll foi' the rotor arms is carried past first onaand thenthe other of the pole pieces with which 'it cooperates.

When the rotor is in the position shown in 1 a magnetic circuit, including the core of the generating winding 25, may be traced from pole piece 2l- N through coil carrying core 23 to pole piece 22-31, thence over magnets 9.222 to pole piece 22S, and thence through rotor 27 back to pole piece e1-N from whence we started to trace the magnetic circuit. in a like manner a mag netic circuit including the core of the gencrating winding 26 may be traced from pole piece 22--S through coil carrying core 24 to pole piece 2l-S, thence over magnets 2i--21 to the pole piece 21* and through rotor 27 back to pole piece 22-S from whence we started to trace this particuiar magnetic circuit. When the rotor arms 2? and 27* leave the pole pieces-%l-hl and 22S the magnetic circuits just referred may no ings when the rotor arms sweep past the,'= '1" "es or the pole pieces 2li-"-N and 22-S."

longer be traced, causing a sudden decrease in the magnetic lines traversing the cores of the generating windings 25 and 26. Moreover, when the rotor is turned to such a position that the arms 27 and 27 are respectively brought opposite the pole pieces 2l-S and 22lt magnetic circuits, including the cores of the generating windings, may again be traced but this time the flux direction through the cores is opposite to what it was before with the result that the current induced in the generating windings when. the rotor arms sweep past pole pieces 21-8 and 29r rl is opposite in direction to the current induced in. the generating wind- Thus, the rotation of the rotor a? serves to Laraeoi now proceed to take up the description of a.

high tension machine embodying my invention. It will be understood, of course, that many of-thc features of this high tension machine are just as applicable to a low tension machine as they are to one which develops a high tension current.

In Figs. 2 to 5, inclusive which illustrate the structural features of a high tension machine, reference numeral 30 indicates the base of the machine, which base may be solid or in the form of a hollow casting, and 3l-3l the magnets of the two spaced sets. Eacli of the four pole pieces is indicated by the reference numeral 32, each of the pole pieces comprising a plurality of vertically disposed laminae, as is most clearly illustrated in Fig. 2. It will be noted that a considerable number of the lamineewhich' compose each pole piece are given the con formation illustrated in Fig. 3, that is, they extend, upwardly beyond the curved face of the pole piece to constitute an upwardly projecting laminated arm 33-33 against which the adjacent end of an associated coil carrying core may abut in amanner presently to be described. The pole pieces of like polarity are spaced apart by a plate 34 of non-magnetic material which has a central opening therethrough to accommodate the rotor. By referring; to Fig. 5 it will be seen that the plate 34 extends beyond the pole pieces on each side of the structure to constitute abutments for the magnets 31 which span the pole pieces and have their extremities lying in the spaces between the plate 34 and the permanent end plates 35-35. Each of the end plates 3535 is provided with a pair of upwardly extending arms 3636, the purpose of which will presently be explained. The pole piece laminae, plate 34: and end plates 3535 are rigidly secured together by means of a plurality of rivets 37-37. Some of these rivets are iron and hold individual pole piece laminae together, others being brass for machine assembling. The laminae constituting each of the upwardly extending pole piece arms 33-33 are at their upperends secured together by rivets 38''-38, as shown in Fig. 3. The permanent end plates are desirably secured to the base 30 by screws 0r rivets, as indicated at 39-39 in Fig. 3.

Each of the coil carrying cores which are illustrated at LO-4:0, comprises a plurality ran-5,901

'core end and engages in the adjacent .up-

wardly extending permanent end plate arm 36.

The screws 4c2-'l2, therefore, serve not only to secure the coil carrying cores to the permanent end plates, but also serve to draw each core tightly into engagement with the upwardly extending arms 33-33 of its associated pole pieces. Carried upon each of the laminated cores 4H0 are the primary and secondary windings illustrated at 43-13 and 44% in Fig. 5. '2

The permanent end plates 35 have circular openings therein to permit the insertion of the rotor, etc, and projecting into bosses formed upon removable end plates r5- I5, each of which-is secured to its associated permanent end plate by screws, as illustrated. The removable end plates ;45-45 serve to journal the rotor and may be provided with suitable lubricating devices, one of which is illustrated at 46 in Fig. 2. The rotor forming a part of the machine illustrated in Figs. 2, to 5inclusive'is in shape generally similar to the rotor described in connection with Fig. 1 and consists of a plurality of soft iron laminae 47 which are by means of Iivcts clamped between members 48-48, each of which is secured to or formed integral with V a shaft section 49 journaled in one of the removable end plates 45. The members Ail-48 and interposed laminae are conformed to provide a rotor having arms 180 apart,

with convex extremities arranged to sweeppast the curved faces of the laminated polepiecs 32-32. Secured upon one of the shaft sections e) is a spur gear 50 whereby the rotor may be driven from the engine with which "the magneto'is associated.

As is most clearly shown in Figs. '2 and 4;, a plate 51 of insulating material is secured to one of the end plates 45 and pivoted upon the plate 51 is a bell crank lever 52,

one arm of which carries a movable intercontact is desirablyconnected with the in-- rupter contact arranged to engage with a stationary contact supported by the plate 51. The interrupter contacts are normally held closed by means of a spring 53 acting be tween the bell crank lever 52 and a small bracket carried by the plate 51. It will be understood that the stationary interrupter sulated side of the primary circuit and that the movable interrupter contact is grounded to the magneto frame as is usual in magneto construction,

Keyed upon the adjacent shaft section 49 is a collar 54 carrying cams 55--55 disposed I 2.;

180 apart and adapted when the rotor is operated to engage with the power arm of thebell crank lever 52 to separate the interrupter contacts. I will at this point state that the collarfii is so located with respect to the rotor arms that the cams 5555 opcrate toetlect the separation of the interrupter contacts just as the rotor arms are leaving the faces of the pole pieces over which they are caused to sweep. The interrupter devices just described are conven-- iently inclosed in a housing indicated at 56.

Resting upon the top of ,thewindings is a plate 57, preferably of insulating material,

In so far as the generation of current in the primary circuit is concerned the magneto illustrated in Figs. 2 to 6 operates exactly as does the magneto diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1, the operation of which has been described .in considerable detail. Twice during each revolution of the rotor of the high tension magneto and just at the peak' of the current wave created inthe primary windings, that is, when the rotor arms are leaving the polar faces over which they have been sweeping, theinterrupter contacts are'opened and the condenser operates with the result that a spark is caused to pass at the sparking plug 60 in a manner well known in the art. The modified form of rotor illustrated in Fig. 7 does not differ essentially from the rotor ofthe device illustrated in Figs. 2 to 5 except that instead of consisting partiallyof laminated metal and partially of solid plates, the rotor of Fig. 7 is formed of one solid piece of metal, and, as illustrated, the edges of the rotor arm extremities have a plurality of parallel slits 61 formed therein to secure in part at these points the advantages afi'orded bya laminated structure. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 the iuagnets are shown at 6262, the pole pieces at (5363, and the spacer between the pole 'formed integral. with an oblique plate (37.

Clamped between the oblique plates 67, by rivets or otherwise, are a plurality of flat laminae 6868 which at their extremities are conformed to present faces substantially nets-soil similar to the extremities of the rotor arms illustrated in the preceding figures. The rotor shown in Fig. 8 aii'ords certain advantages from a manuia turing standpoint.

The magneto machine illustrated in Figs. 9 to 11, both inclusive, operates upon the same general principle as do the niagnetos illustrated in the preceding figures, but differs considerably therefrom in its structural make-up. In this species of my invention the base plate is illustrated at 70, the horse shoe magnets at 7171, and the top plate at 72. Located between the base plate and thetop plate l2 and disposed in engagement with the proper magnet poles are the four pole pieces each of which is indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 73. Each of the pole pieces 73 has its polar face conformed to coiiperate with the arms of a rotor and consists of a pair of upper and lower blocks 74: and 7 5 separated bv soft iron laminae 76. There are thus two sets of the laminae 76, each set being common to two of the pole pieces, that is, one set being common to the pole pieces of one polarity and the other set of laminm being common to the pole pieces of opposite polarity. The laminae 7 6,'which correspond to the coil carrying cores of Fig. 1, are reduced in width intermediate the pole pieces to accommodate the generating windings 7777. As is most clearly shown at 78-78 in Fig. 9 the. blocks 74 and and the laminae 76 are conformed to present shoulders between which and the adjacent end plates the magnets are disposed, the magnets in the present case being cut away to accommodate the shoulders 7 8.- The rotor shown in this figure may be formed in one piece, as shown, or may be of the construction illustrated in either Figs. 2 to 5, Fig. 7 or Fig. 8 as desired. The magneto shown in Figs. 9 to 11 operates in all material respects in substantially the same manner as does the magneto illustrated in Fig, v

Attention is called to the fact that the machine of my invention produces two current impulses per revolution and affords a broad current Wave which facilitates timing. These are important and advantageous features of my machine. p

Having now described the principle of operation peculiar to my improved form of magneto machine, as well as the structural make-up of a number of embodiments of my invention, what I claim new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the' United States is:

1. A- magneto machine comprising a pair of horse shoe magnets disposed side by side with their poles extending in the same direction, a pole piece located on the inner face of each magnet at each pole thereof, two

coil carrying cores, one connecting the pole pieces of one polarity and the other core foreach pole of each magnet, two coil ca of horse shoe magnets disposed side by side with their poles extending in the same direction, two coil carrying cores, each. core connecting a pole of one magnet with the corresponding pole of the other magnet, a generating Winding in inductive relation to each of said cores, and means operatingin the space spanned by the magnets arranged when operated successively to establish a magnetic path between the north poleoi. one magnet and the south pole of the other magnet, and then a magnetic path between the south pole of the first magnet and the north pole of the second magnet.

3. A magneto machine comprising a pair of permanent horse shoe magnets disposed side by side with their poles extending in the same direction, a coil carrying core connecting a pole of one magnet with the corresponding pole or the other onagnet, a winding in inductive relation to said core, and means operating in the space spanned by the magnets arranged successively to, establish and interrupt a magnetic path between the north pole of one magnet and the south pole of the other magnet.

t. A magneto machine comprising pair of horse shoe magnets disposed side by side w *ith their poles extending in the same direction, a coil carrying core connecting a pole of one magnet witi the corresponding pole of the other magnet, and a rotor operating ranged and adapted successively to establish and. interrupt the magnetic paths between the poles of one magnet and. the oppo site poles of the other magnet.

5. A magneto machine comprising a pair of permanent magnets wit their poi-es x v e polo piece ff :77.- ing cores, onev connecting pole pieces or one polarity and the other connecting pole pieces of the opposite polarity, a generating winding in inductive relation to said cores, and a rotor arranged when. operated successively to establish and interrupt a path for mag netic flux between the south pole of one magnet and the north pole of the other magnet.

6. A magneto machine comprising in com bination a base, a pair of permanent horse tending in the same direction,

shoe magnets disposed upon the base with their pole-s extending in the same direction of the base and the south poles thereof on the other side of the base, a pole piece for cessive each pole of said magnets, an unwound rotor "of magnetIc materiaI revoluble in the'space. spanned by the magnets and provided with" two arms substantlally 180 degrees apart, wherebly when the rotor is revolved it sucnetic paths between pole pieces of diflerent magnets and ofdifi'erent polarity, a pair of parallel coiL-cariying cores, one core coni nectmg pole pieces of one polarity and the 1 ductive relation to each of said cores.

other connecting pole pieces of the opposite -porall-ty, and a generating winding 1n in- 7. A magneto machine comprising in combination a pair of horse-shoe magnets disposed side by side, a pole piece at each of the poles of each of said magnets, each pole piece compnisinga curved polar face and --a n upwardly projecting arm, a rotor mov- 1 of U- shaped-magnets dis 0 able in the space spanned by the magnets and arranged when rotated to establish and interrupt a magnetic path between'the north pole of one magnet and the "south pole of the 0tl1813311di30 successively establish 'and interrupt a magnetic path between the south pole of the first magnet and the north pole of the second magnet, a pair of coil carrying cores, each core disposed parallel to the aims of the rotor and connecting the upwardly extending arms of two pole pieces of similar polarity and-a generating winding in inductive relation to'each of said I to I magne mac me comr1s1n a pair sod sidefl y side, a pole piece for eachpo e of each of said magnets, each 1e piece comprising a curved polar face an a pair of said pole pieces of similar polarity having upwardly projecting arms, a rotor operating in the space spammed by the magnets arranged when rotated successively to establish and interrupt a magnetic path between the north ole of one magnet and south pole of the ot er magnet a coil carrying core extending between and connecting the upwardly extending pole 1operatin in the space spann y establishes and interrupts mag-' piece arms aforesaid, and a generatingwind-.

mg. in inductive relation to said cores; 1

. 9. A magneto machine comprising in commagn'e'ts posed side by side, withtheir poles extend? t mggnets, a rbtor 4 -rically opposite pole piece, andthen to es-'- tablish a magnetic path between the other pole pieces, a core disposed parallel tothe' axis of the rotor and connecting a pair of.

.Winding in inpole pieces and generating ductivi relation to said core.

magneto machine comprising incombinationwlth a pair'of permanent horse sho'e magnets disposed side by side, with their poles extending in the same direction,

each magnet pole provided with a pole piece having a concave polar face, an unwound rotor arranged to be rotated in the space between the magnet poles and'provided with two arms 180 degrees apart, one-of said arms arranged to sweep past the pole pieces of one magnet and the other; arm arranged to sweep past the pole pieces'of'the other magnet a pair of coil carrying cores, eachrcore connecting pole pieces of similar polarity and a generating winding in induct1ve rela tion to each of said cores.

11. A generator comprising a U' shaped magnets disposed side y slde. with their poles extending in the same direction, a core piece connecting the pole of one magnet with the corresponding pole of the other magnet, and means for alternately completing and interrupting the magnetic path between onepole of one m et and thep'ole of opposite polarity of t e other magnet.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my namcthis 16th da of May, A. D. 1916.

' I-fARRY F, GEIST.- -Witnesses:' I

WALTER Bnown, S'- W.

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