US1261940A - Apparatus for the production of pressure gas-vapor. - Google Patents

Description

C. E. JOHNSON. APPARATUS FG-R THE PRODUCTION OF PRESSURE GAS VAPOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4. 19x5.

1,261,940. Patented Apr. 9,1918.

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C. E. JOHNSON.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRESSURE GAS VAPOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4. 1915.

1,261,940. Patented Apr. 9, 1918..

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Inventor fixer/Zed Edmund T050500 177 Kw mm 40% fiZZq ney CHARLES EDMUND JOHNSON, OF HOBART, TASMANIA, AUSTRALIA.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRESSURE GAS-VAPOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. 3 Application filed March 4,1915. Serial No. 12,196.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that/I, CHARLES EDMUND JOHNSON, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Ruka, No. 79 King street, Sandy Bay, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, have invented a new and useful Improved Apparatus for the production of a Pressure Gas-Vapor, of which the following is a specification. I I

This invention relates to the-production of a combined mixed gas and vapor produced'by the combustion of hydrocarbonsin liquid or gaseous form in commixture and in contact with atomized water thereby converting such water into steam which commingles with the gaseous products of combustion under such pressure as is desired at or above atmospheric pressure. And this invention has been specially devised in order.

to provide a novel apparatus in which such combustible gas and vapor mixture may be more economically and effectively produced.

This improved apparatus for the production of a pressure gas vapor has a series of chambers one above the other each adapted to perform a special function in the generating process. The lowermost is a float valve chamber in communication with a reservoir of hydrocarbon andwith a. compressed air supply. A spray pipe or jet from this chamber leads upwardly into a second chamber wherein is an ignition device. And leading into this chamber is a tangentially directed air jetadapted'to cause the burningmixture to move with an upward whirling motion. About the outlet from this second chamber into a third chamber area plurality of vanes or baffles adapted to steady the gases passing therethrough anddirectthem first around the lower exterior of a fourth orvaporizing or mixing chamber and then into said chamber wherein atomized or semi-vaporized water issprayed by one or more jets. If hydrocarbon gas is to be used instead of a liquid hydrocarbon it is fed to the first chamber under pressure and the supply of compressed air to that chamber is cut off or regulated as necessary and the process carried on otherwise as before indicated.

But in order that this invention may be easily carried into efl'ectja practical and preferred construction thereof will now be described with reference to the drawings accompanying and forming part of this complete specification.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a complete installation or plant according to this invention Fig. 2 a sectional elevation of the generator proper and Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional plans of said generator respectively on lines 3-3 and 4i Fig. 2.

Figs. 5 and 6 show details of air influx regulator and Figs. 7 and 8 show details of air supply valves. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional elevation through the float chamber and oil pump.

Referring to the diagrammatic view in Fig. 1 the generating plant comprises an air compressor 10 and a compressed air reserve container 11 the pipe 12 having therein stop cocks 13 leading from such compressor 10 junctioning with pipe 12 from reserve air container 11 to a novel centrifugal regulator 14 and fromnthence by pipe 15 having stop cook 16 to the float chamber 17 or lowermost of the chambers of the generator proper. Above this float chamber is the second or vaporizing combustion chamber 18 above which is the combustion outlet throat 19 terminating below the vaporizing or mixing chamber 20. The combustion outlet throat19 rises from the center of a surrounding water container 21 which extends upwardly as an annulus 22 and over. the top of the mixing chamber 20 and said throat 19 ends in the bottom cylindrical part of a large closed annulus or flue 23 surrounding the lower part of said mixing chamber 20 and having entrances into said chamber. The float chamber 17 is connected to a liquid hydrocarbon supply tank. by pipe 24. Into the combustion chamber 18 a pipe 26 leads from the top of air regulator 14. The water container 21 is connected by pipe 28 having'float valve 29 thereon to an over-head or pressure water supply. Inthe mixing chamber 20 is a water-get 30 on the end of a pipe 31 from a closed water container 32 with a float influx valve 62 controlling the supply from pipe 61 and having above an air pressure chamber. 33 connected by pipe 34 through pump 35 to the annulus Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

22 and to the flue 23. The water pipe 31 is surrounded by a pressure pipe 36 leading from the chamber 32 above the regulated level of the Water therein to the discharge jet 30.

Referring more particularly to the detail vievvs the air regulator 1% consists of a fiat circular casing 3'? into which pipe 1'2 is directed through tangential. inlet as thus providing for imparting to the air current a whirling motion. Outlet pipe 138 leading to pipe 15 is'provided tor the escape of part of the air current 15 While upper chamber is provided to receive other part of said current and still or calm the same by means of the bailles e0 forwardly of the outlet l'l1 to pipe The float chamber 17 has a seating ll for heat valve positioned about spray pipe having inlet orifices below the liquid level and the top outlet 4-5 into spray nozzl Compressed air pipe 15 is led into this chamber 17 at l? and at the top of the chamber are adjustable juxtaposed air outlet orifices B and 4:9 in lined disk and movable disk 51 constituting air leads into jet or nozzle 4:6. T he movable disk 51 has a toothed flange 52 which meshes with a pinion on stem or spindle 5% and by which it may be partially rotated to adjust the relative position of said. orifice d8 and 49.

Jet or nozzle 46 discharges into combustion chamber 18 in which is an ignition device either electrical or of other class and in which chamber is a tangentially directed air blast orifice 56. fit the top of said chamber 18 is an opening 57 about -which are a plurality of vertical batlles 5c and Which. opens into chamber 19 which is preferably lined With fire brick 59 and has external radiators 60. it plurality of orifices 63 lead from annulus 23 into mixing chamber 20 While a plurality of perforated pipes 6% lead from said chamber into the space which terminates in outlet to an engine direct or to a power reservoir. Preferably the air outlet from the container 32 is controlled by a valve similar to that controlling the outlet from chamber 17 to chamber 18 as 'hereinbefore described. The Water and fuel sprays may be in connection with either air or gas pressure pipes from compressor or-generator or bycombination thereof With or Wllllfitlb suitable pressure pumps.

The action oi the float valves 29 and 62 is controlled by the respective supply pumps from which the outlet valves are omitted the said valves 29, is or 62 fulfilling their function. In use when the level o'l liquid in the chambers 17, 21 or 32 rises above the desired level its heat is lifted from its seat and this allovrs the surplus liquid to return to pump at intake stroke.

In the operation of improved pressure gas-vapor with this improved apparatus liquid fuel is pumped or forced into chem her 17 through pipe 2% to a level regulated by float valve l2. Compressed air is then admitted from air reserve 11 or direct from the compressor 10 by manipulating cocks 13 and 1G and passes through ports 48 and d9 in regulator plates 50 and 51 to spray nozzle to from which fuel and air issue as spray and are ignited by electric spark device 55. Air is also admited to chamber 18 by opening stop cock 27 and is given a whirling motion caused by reason oi? the tangential direction of entry and the rapid motion and thus the ascending whirling column of burning spray becomes thoroughly vaporized throughout by this initial combustion. The rotating column of air and burning vapor ascends to chamber 19 through opening 5'? in bottom or such chamber. The outer jacket of air coming in contact with vertical vanes or battles 58 its rotary motion is checked and consequent upon such change of acion the central rotating column of ignited vapor is thrown outward to sides of chamber 19 by centrifugal force While the air tends tovvard a central path and this change of action brings about the diffusion of the air through the unburnt vaporized fuel thus causing violent combus tion. The heated products of combustion pass around mixing chamber :20 and pass through holes63 into said chamber iv" erein they meet a spray of and Water or gases and atomized Water from nozzle EEO-and the unburnt vaporized hydrocarbon is combusted and. acting on the atomized Water superheats the same and 'commingles therewith and passes through perforated pipes 641- into space 22 from which the major portion passes to outlet While a smaller part is drawn through perforations into pipe 3% by pump 35 to be led to pressure chamber of feed regulator The principal combustion takes place in chamber 19 flue 28 the flame protruding into chamber :20 through holes 63 in series of fiercely burning jets, on purpose to ignite and burn any gases such as suction or ater gas formed through the superhe "ted steam acting on escaping carbon particles and as a small amount of steam added to vaporized hydrocarbons tends to a cleaner combus ion the combustion is finished oil in direct contact with the steam in chamber 20 the said flame from the holes 63 being sheltered from the direct action of the spray from nozzle 80 by the shoulder or flange of the bottom section of chamber 20 through Which are said holes 63. The first combustion in chamber 18 takes the form of a shell of flame With unvaporized fuel in its center and a rotating air jacket surrounding the Whole. T he second or principal combustion is a solid flame, The constricted opening or throat leading from chambers 18 to 19 presses the shell of dame closer in on the bustion chambers 19 and 23. The water is atomized so as to present larger surface for the heated gases to act upon and also to produce an instantaneous regular steam supply or flow. Approximately half the heat of combustion being radiant heat is taken up by the "metal surfaces presented and transferred from them to the atomized water by the surrounding gases. Very little steam is generated by the atomized water coming in contact with the metal surfaces; in action the water drops fly off like so many indiarubber balls until converted to steam through the medium of the heated gases and the spheroidal quality in water is overcome.

by the gaseous medium surrounding each water drop quickly giving up heat "to same and as quickly absorbing it from the surrounding metal. And approximately the other half of the heat generated is given up to the water by direct contact with the heated burning gases.

The water in container 22 insures that the apparatus will not be overheated and any steam generated therefrom passes upwardly through annulus 22 and mixes with thegasvapor product at outlet 63. Ihe water in chamber 21 is kept at a constant level the supply being controlled by float valve 29.

lVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In apparatus of the character described the combination comprising a combustion chamber, an ignition device disposed in the chamber, means for forcing a body of mixed air and burninghydrocarbon through thechamber, a throat disposed at the upper end of the chamber, vertical bafiles disposed in the throat, a mixing and combustion chamber disposed above said chamber and provided with openings to permit the passage of flames, means for producing a water spray in the mixing chamber, and means for collecting the resulting gaseous mixture from the mixing chamberr 2. In apparatus of the character described the combination comprising a combustion and mixing chamber, means for forcing into the chamber air under pressure and burning hydrocarbon, a water spraying head disposed in the chamber, a pipe having one end connected to the head, a water container connected to the opposite end of the pipe, an air pressure pipe disposed around. the water pipe, arranged to discharge adjacent the spray head and having its opposite end connected to an air container, and means for collecting a gaseous mixture from the chamber.

3. In apparatus of the character described, the combination comprising a source of hydrocarbon under pressure, a casing having an inlet connected to said source,

a perforated pipe disposed in the casing, a float valve slidably disposed on the pipe and arranged to cover alternatively either the perforations or the inlet, means for producing tangentially an air blast in the casing, a combustion chamber arranged above and connected with the pipe, means for admitting a tangentially directed air blast into the chamber, an ignition device disposed in the chamber, a second combustion and mixing chamber disposed above and connected with the combustion chamber, means for producing a water spray in the mixing chamber and means for collecting a gaseous mixture from the mixing chamber.

4. In apparatus of the character described, the combination comprising a plurality of superposed chambers, means for producing a whirling body of air and hydrocarbon in the lower chambers, battles interposed between two of the chambers in the path of movement of the whirling body of air and hydrocarbon, an ignition device in one of the chambers, means for producing a Water spray in another of said chambers, and means for collecting the resulting gaseous mixture.

5. In apparatus of the character described, the combination comprising a plurality of superposed chambers, means for producing a mixture of air and hyrocarbon under pressure in the chambers, an ignition device in one of the chambers, a liquid spraying device in one of the chambers, a flat casing arranged adjacent the chambers and connected to a source of air pressure and having an outlet at its side and an outlet in its top, battles disposed in the top of the casing adjacent the outlet and pipes connecting said outlets to two of the superposed chambers.

6. An apparatus of the character described comprising a chamber, means for forcing a partially combustible mixture into said chamber, means for igniting said mixture to produce a flame, fluid pressure means for rotating such flame and means for intermixing atomized water with the resultant products of combustion.

7. A method of forming a fluid 'under pressure which consists in mixing a volatile fuel with a predetermined amount of fluid to form a partially combustible mixture, ig niting such mixture, subjecting the resultant products of combustion to a rotary air blast, fusing the air through such products of combustion to cause complete combustion fuel with air to form a non-self supportingcombustible mixture, igniting such mixture, subjecting the resultant products of combustion to a rotary air blast, and finally injecting atomized Water inta) the products 01? combustion.

9. A method of forming afiuid under pressure which consists in mixing a Volatile fuel with air to fern a non-self supporting combustible mixture, igniting said mixture, rotating the reflultant flame, diffusing airs thraugh said flame, and finally injecting atomized water into'the products of combusnon.

CHARLES EDMUND JOHNSON, 's t itnesses H. NORMAN, O. H, lIORMAlL film fiommisslouer of Eatents,

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