US1258188A - Method of making cannon. - Google Patents

Description

D. a. CLEVELAND.

METHOD OF MAKING CANNON.

nmcgnou FILED MAR. 8. 1911.

1,258, 188. Patented Mar. 5, 1918.

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2 i e I 5 I 14 17 E #1 U I H, X, ,l 4' AZ 1 15.61 M M DARWIN B oLEvELAND, or CLEVELAND, OHIO. I t

METHOD or MAKING cannon.

To all whom may concern: 7

Be it known thatv I, .DARWIN 13.0mm- LAND, arcitizen of the'United States, residing at Clevelanch in the county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain newand useful Improvement I in Methods of Making Cannon, of which the following is full, clear, and exact description,freferencebeing had to the accompanying drawings. I V

The object of this invention is to provide for theicheap and rapid manufacture of cannon. especially of comparatively small sizes. My process produces the cannon body from a billet by a process of rolling pressing and cooling, which'forms the hollow body necessary, compacts the wall, causes the strength to resist bursting strain, and

hardens the material by chilling.

My, process is hereinafter more fully described in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, and the essential characteristics are summarized in the'claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of a cannon produced by my invention; Fig. 2 is a viewof the billet from which the cannon is made; Fig. 3 isa somewhat diagrammatic view representing the rolling of this billet by skew-placed rolls'to render the billet hollow and elongated with, a substantiallytapered exterior; Fig. I is a longitudinal sectionthrough the apparatusin which the formed body. is pressed and 'chilled;Fig. 5 is a cross section of Fig. 4' adjacent the larger end thereof. as indicated by the l ne 55 on Fig. 4'; Fig. 6' is a sectional elevation of a portion ofthe tubular plug wh ch constitutes 'part f'the apparatus shown in Fig. 4.

In performing the process ofthis invention, I take a'substantially cylindrical billet,

as shown at A in Fig. 2 and pass it between rolls B and B which are set with their axes der them tubular is shown and described,-

for instance, in Patent No. 361,95l, granted April 26, 1887 to'Max lvlannesmann.

In order to give the exterior of the tubuv lar body being formed a tapered or conical form, -I provide subsequent pairs of rolls.

C, C which have skewed axes, but stand nearer each other than the rolls B. number of pairs of these subsequent rolls T he a which is tobe given to the'body. This I tapering'feature'by subsequent pairs'of rolls is illustrated, for] examplefin Patent No.

6 a. Mannesmann.

Specification of Letters Patent. i Paftutrl B12171. 191 8. i

' Application filed March 8,1917. Seria'lltlo.153,257. r

'anted April 1%,"1887 to Max Having produced a tapered tubular body a of approximately the form shown atv A in r Fig. 3, I reheat it if necessary, to'bring it to a bright red heat, and place it within a heavy tapered mold, des'gnated D; This mold may be of cast iron and consistof two longitudinal halves, each having a tapered trough-portion of semi-circular contour,

and to a certain extent-closed at the ends and each provided with flanges by which v a the mold parts are secured together by bolts 1 cl. 'l/Vhen'the billet is placed inthis mold,

I drive or otherwise force into the bore thereof a tapered hollow plugrlor pip E. i This tapered pipe is of suff cient strength to force the metal outwardly and compact 7 it: between the exterior of the'pipe and the wall of the mold, thus producing the con cal bodv shown at A in Fi'gil.

The rolling of the billet to produce the original hollow center gives 'thefibers a general circumferential direction. This direction of the fibers may be somewhat lost in any by the forcing inof thecentralv tapered i plug-which flattensithe grains in a directhebody is necessarily compacted'as the plug'is forced into it. The result is that I have produced a tubular body of strong com pact material with its fibers extending" circumferentiallyand thus best adapted to resist the bursting strain to which cannons are subjected.

The mold is preferably heated before'the billet is placed in it. while the pipe is driven or forced ircold. The result is that the can- I non body is chilled first adjacent to the bore and cools more slowlyfromthe outside, thus a contracting it around the bore as a core. The chilling. may be'turther increased by supplying water to the interior of the plug; E. To enable such water to flow through j the-plug, I preferably make the pointed end 7 i I e of the plug removable, as illustrated in Fig. 6, and when desired to use this arti ficial cooling I simply remove this end and s5 7 V reheatingfbut it is restored and. increased I terior'mold may be removed by unbolting the bolts cl. The interiorpl-ug'may' be either pressed out of the cannon body or it is left therein and removed by boring when the body is finally boredto size preceding rifiing thereof. 7 i

The body may be made without, trunnions, the trunnionsbeing provided by a separate band shrunk onto the body, as is at present usual. Fig. 1 indicates the cannon after it'hasbeen finished A is the body generally and a the band carrying the truningca. cooling medi m through the hollow of p the plug, removing the b'od'yfrom-th'e mold of nions a. The cylindrical andlrified bore is indicated at. (1 the enlarged bore for the shell at a, and the chamber for the breech block at (1 a I p Havmg thus described my invention, what I claim is: a

a 1.' The process of making cannon, consisting of placing a hot tubular body in a surrounding mold, forcing a hollow tapered plug intothe bore of the body, cooling the interiorof the body by passing a cooling 3 p p a the body, thereby compacting the body' be I tween the plug and mol dwall', and there- 7'5 medium through the hollow bore in the plug, and thereafter removing the plug.

2. The process of maklng cannon, consisting of rolling a billet between skewed rolls to make a hollow body, placing suchbody in a mold, forcinga plug into the bore of the body to compact, the materia-lbetween the body'and mold and removing'the plug from the body and the body from the mold. 3. The method of ma king cannomconsisting of rolling a billet to make a hollow body, placing such body while hot in a mold, forcing intothe body bore of the mold a hollow plug, supplying waterto the interior of the plug to cool the body, removing the body from the mold and boring a central bore into the body, theplng being removed fi opi es'of this patent maybe obtained for p which is subsequently rifled. I I

6. The method ofmakin'g'cannon, consisting of forming a hollow tubular body, plat}; 710

= the plug being removed.

tapered body, placing such body while hot in a" conical. mold, forcing into the interior of the body a tapered plug which compresses the'material of the body between the wall of the plug and the interior of the mold and causes the grains to flatten longitudinally and circumferentially, and thereafter bor H 5 ing out the cent'erof thebody cylindrically, the plug being removed. I l 5. The method of 'making cannomucona sisting of rolling a billet between successive,

skewed rolls to producefa hollow tapered body, placing such'body' in a mold having a'substantially conical interior, forcing into '60 the body while in the mold'and hot aghollow taperedpll' g, cooling. the body by passand the plug 'fromthe' body and boring the '65" side of the plug. to make a cylindrical bore ing the same while hot in a mold which st r rounds the body and substantially inclofses the ends thereof, forcing a tapered plug into after removing the phw 7. The method of mi ing a hollow tapered p'l u'g intoqt'h'e'bo'dytof to a cylindrical bore larger than the plug,

In testimony whereof, I'her'eunto I signature. V r r Y A. Themethod of making'cannon, com I sistin g ofrolling a billet to make a hollow nAR IN i'o five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents; p WashingtomD. C.

ring cannon, consist ing of rolling" a billet to make a hOllb'W tapered" body, placing such body whilefhot; in a mold which closely surrounds it and 81) approximately inclo'ses it' at the ends,;forc'

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