US1255862A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

Fatme Yeh 3.2, 39W.

7. SHEETS-SHEET L.

/A/vi/v AT m @mi YE KT.A CRAWFOR.

-L INTERNAL COMBUSTiOM ENGHQE. APPLlcMicm. man oc. im 191e .rn `ras naar naaien.

JOHN F.- CRAWFORD, F RACINE, WISCONSIN.

. -mTEnnAL-ooiunnsrron ENGINE.l

To allvwk'om z't may concern.' Be it known that L JOHN F. CRAWFORD, a

citizen of 4the United, States, and resident of Racine, in the county ofRacine and State of Wisconsin, have invented .new and use- V'ful Improvements in ,Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a description, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, which are a part of this specification. l

The invention relates to'internal combustion engines.

he invention is designed more particularly to provide an internal combustion ei1- 'gine of the sleeve valve'type.

As inmotorsof the'sleeve valve type, the

present motor is designed tooloviate the complicatcd puppet valve mechanism cornmonV in most types of engines and is also designed to4 overcome the disadvantage of the reciprocating sleeve valve motors by providing a rotary sleeve which forms the inner Working cylinder of motor and which is continuously turned to provide evenwear on the cylinder Walls, pistons and piston rings.

The invention is further designed to pro` vide a motor having a revoluble inner cylinder, also forming the valve, said cylinder having a vtapered valve' seat wherebythe working pressures of the engine will force the valve to its seat thereby sealing the sion hereof.

- through the motor;

-chamberwithout the aid --of packing rings Fig. 2 is a-top view of the motor,parts being broken away' and parts being shown in sections Fig. 3 is. a detail sectional view taken onl Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 1f-4: of Fig. 1;

Fig.- 5 is a section taken on the line 5- 5 of Fig. 1;

' Specication of Letters Patent. Application led ctober 16,

Patented Feb. i12, 191%. 191s. seriaiivo. 125,789. I

i Fig. 6 is a` section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

The drawings show 'a single cylinder 'motor4 but it will be understood that the motor may have as many cylinders as desired. 6 0 l The niotor is also shown as of thefourcycle type but the sleeve Valveshown and described may be used in two-cycle engines if desired;

cylinder 7, a rotary inner cylinder 8 also forming a v alve, a piston 9 of usual construction wqrking Within the cylinder 8, a

I n general the motor comprises an outer 65 crank case l0 upon which the cylinders are v mounted, a crankshaft 11 journaled l in be'arv70 ings i2 and 13 in the crank case, a pitina-n 9 of usual construction pivotally 4connected at its ends to'the'c'rank shaft ll'and piston 9 respectively, exhaust. ports '14 and inlet ,poits 15 in the outer cylinder, and meeli- 75 anism for operating the valve cylinder 8.

The vouter cylinder 7 is provided with a water jacket 16 surrounding the inner walls -17 of said cylinder at the sides and topand also surrounding the valve both the valve and the. working cylinder. i A centrally disposed threaded opening 1S is located in the-top-of the cylinder to receive a spark plug. to form cylindrical inner walls 17 forming the cylinderbarrel and afrusto-conical inner `wal1 18 Aat the upper portion of the barrel forming a valve seat.

ports thereby 'providing an efiicient cooling system for The cylinder is'bored 85 The vinner cylinder 8 consists of a sleeve 9C having a hollow cylindrical barrel portion v19 fitting within the cylindrical bore 17 of the cylinder 7 and a hollow frustmconical portion 20 fitting within the Walls 1 8 of the cylinder 7 and adapted to seat against said 95 Walls. -This'cylinder 8 and the top of the cylinder 7 form a tapered combustion chamber21. The cylinder 8 is provided with a pair of oppositely disposed ports 22 adapted to be respectively brought into line withthe 1.00

inlet and exhaust ports of the outer cylinder.

Whileduring the operation ofthe engine the working pressures therein are sufficient to hold the inner cylinder to its seat means are provided for normally maintaining the tapered head .of the inner cylinder against' the tapered vvalve seatof the outer cylinder. This meansconsists ofannular bearing rings 2Z`which4 engage an annular iianged portion 9.4 on the outer side of the cylinder 8 and limiti"v which are yieldingly mounted on springs 2.5 interposed between thein and an inwardlyof agearing connection between `the inner f the combustion mechanism is designed to runthe sleeveat one-quarter engine speed and vthis willof lubrication of the course help in the proper running parts though the vvalve may be drivenat any speed desired.V

Thesleeve operating mechanism :consists cylinder 8 and the crank shaft 11." his consists of a revoluble vertical shaft 27 journaled in the crank caseand gearing connections between said shaft and the crank shaft and between said shaft andthe inner "cylinder. The gearing connection between. the

shaft'127'and thecrank shaft 11 comprisesu a worm wheel 28, mounted on the shaft 27 within the crank case, meshing-with a worm 29 mounted on the crank shaft 11. lProvision is madet'or taking up the end thrust on -the'shaiEt 27 by roviding Ja roller bear# ing 30 `disposed between the Wheel 28 and a flange portion 31 ofthe crank ca se through which the'shatt extends. The gearing connection between the shaft 27 andthe cyli'n' 32 mounted on the f gear '33 'mounted on la short vertical-shaft 34-jour iialed in the crank 'casing and meshing with deit comprises a gear shaft 27, meshing with an Vidler a gear 35 formed 'integral with the cylin- 4der 8' 0n the outside thereof near its lower end.

' 1With the gearing construction above de -scribed the crank shaft 11 through the gearing and shaft 27 previously described con# tinuously rotates the-cylinder 8 in thesame `direction,the.speed of rotationl beingdependent upon the ratio of the gears em. plof/ed.

' The engine `shown,being of the four-cycle `typejoperates as l suction stroke ofthe piston 9. the. cylinder 8 follows: On thedownward is in-positi'on with its ports 22 in line' with inlet ports 15 in the outer cylinder 7 and l the chargeof combustible'fuel is taken intothe tapered 'combustion chamber 21 and on the. compression stroke, the ,cylinder'S is 'turned through the gearing connection with 'the crankshaft to close the portsand allow the piston 9; to compress the charge within chamber 21 after'which the chargeislired, the cylinder 8 rotating dur- ,ing the firing stroke on the downward movetherefrom and suitable mechanism is` 4following ment of the piston and on theA upward exif, v

haust stroke of the pistonthe cylinder S has been rotated to bring its ports 22 in line with 1.

the exhaust ports 14 in the outercylinder as Shown in Fig. 1. l

lVith the construction'of'iilincr and outer cylindersabove described it will b e observed V that'the tapered formof conibustion chamber will serve to maintain the lsleeve 8 upon its s eat the outer cylinder during theoperation of the engine owing to working `pressures in the combustion chamber exerting pressure against the tapered walls of the l inner cylinder and as the inner'cylinder 8 is constantly revolving the wear' between the .outer and innercylinders and that between the inner cylinder and the piston and piston rings will be evenly distributed.

' It will alsobe notedithat the':mechanism for operating the sleeve valve is ncl'osed withinthe crank case and is of'sir'nple 4construction anol positive ,in operation due .to the gear drive.

It will further be noted l that theconstruction of the engine is such 'as' toproduce quiet-j ness 'of operation, efficient coolingand ease*v the lubricant may be readily introduced between the outer and inner cylinders of the motor.

in lubrication as that .the details of construction herein it will alsobe noted thatshown and described are capable of considerable variation' without 'departing from the spirit of the invention and I there. orewish it to be understood that any con-` sie struction coming within the scope 'of the' invention.

lVliat `I claim as my invention is;

combination ofanouter cylinderhaving a claims is WithinY the scope ofA my w 1. In an internal combustion engine, the

boretherei'n' consisting of a' straight cylindricalV portion -and an inwardly. tapered rusto'conoida'l 'portion at-its' upper end, a- `hollow inner cylinder shaped to con-form to `the bore ofthe outer cylinder'andhaving its upper open conoidal portion seated against the sides of saidtrusto-conoidal portion of the outer cylinder to form a combustion chamber, said outer cylinder.beingprovided.

with inlet and exhaust ports, said inner'cylinder having orts therein communicating with aid com ustion chamber and adapted to b'e brought into communication with'said ports in the outer cylinder, a piston slide ably mounted within the inner cylinder, a

crankshaft operatively connected to,A said piston, and means for revolving said inner cylinder'to control the passage of Working fuel to and .from the combustion chamber.

2. In an internal. combustion engine, the

bore .therein consisting of a straight cylin- Adrical-portion and an inwardly tapered .combinationof an outer cylinder having a. f

frusto-,conoidal portion,v al hollow inner cyl- Laeea y Wardly extending ange,

mounted Within said crank case and operatively connected to said piston, a flange on the inner cylinder, spring means interposed between the ange on the crank case and the ange on the cylinder to normally move said inner cylinder upwardly against its seat, and means for revolving said inner cylinder to control the passage of Working fuel to and from the combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof, ailix my signature.

JUHN F. CRAWFORD.

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