US1238981A - Press. - Google Patents

Description

SSSSS Patented Sept. 4,1917.

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B. C. BARTON.

PRESS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, I9I7.

iL 38.92@ I Patented sept. 4,1917,

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BERNARD CYRIL BARTON, OF NORTH FERRIBY, ENGLAND.

' PRESS.

1,238,981. speeifieetien of Application led May 9, 1917.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, BERNARD CYRIL BAR- TON, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at North F erriby, in the East Riding of the county of York, England, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Presses, of which the following is a specication.

This invention has reference to compressing machines or apparatus of the extrusion type.

My invention has for its object an improved construction of machine or appa-. ratus which, while designed more especially for expressing oil from oil-containing seeds, nuts, beans and the like and extruding the residuum in the form of lengths or pieces of compressed material :tor use for food for cattle and other animals, is also suitable for expressing liquid from other liquid-containing materials and substances, for compressing' `meal of the kind used for the manufacture ot food, and from which the oil or the like has been previously extracted by the solvent or other process, for compressing plastic materials, powders and the like, and extruding the same in the form of lengths or pieces of compressed material for use for the particular purpose or purposes for which the compressed material is suitable, as an example of which may be ment-ioned the compressing of soapin a plastic state to produce lengths or bars of the required crosssectional shape.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings which illustrate one exempliiioation of my invention, Figure l represents a vertical section of the apparatus, Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of the same taken on the top of the piles of plates, and of the compressing wheels, Fig. 3 is a plan viewof one of the radial plates, provided with a loose outer end having loose side pieces, and Fig. 4. is a longitudinal section of two of such plates taken on a line corresponding with the line l-2 of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a similar view to Fig. 3 but shows a plate without a removable end and side portions, Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through a complete pile of plates of the kind illustrated in plan view at Fig'. 3, and Fig. 7 is a section on the line 3 4 of Fig. 6.

Figs. 3 to 7 inclusive are drawn to a larger scale than Figs. l and 2, and in Fig.

the ports 5 are shown of greatly exaggerated widths.

Letters Patent. patented sept. a, mit.

Serial No. 167,497.

In constructing a machine or apparatus in accordance with my invention, I employ a fixed drum built up of two strong metal plates A and A1, preferably circular in shape, the one situated above the other, between which plates are arranged radially at intervals, a number of piles of suitably shaped metal plates B, the whole being secured together by any suitable means, as for example, by bolts a passed through the top or cover plate A, through the radially arrangedpiles of plates B, and through the bot-tom plate A1.

The several piles of radially arranged plates are so situated the one in relation to another that a space C which preferably widens outwardl that is, toward the periphery of the drum, intervenes between each two piles. these spaces forming passages through which the seed, meal, powder or other material or substance fed tothe machine or apparatus is forced and extruded and in which it is compressed as it passes therethrough, each plate having a hole or holes 7) through it vertically, from which holes inclined grooves or channels 721 run to the edges of the plate, the holes in the several plates of a pile, registering, and also registering with corresponding holes in the top or cover plate and in the bottom plate.

rllhe holes 3 in the top plate and the holes il in the bottom plate arefshown in line with the holes Z), in Fig. l. The inclined grooves 1, are shown in Fig. 7, and they extend from the holes 7) to the edges of the plates where they form ports 5 of sufficient width to permit liquid to pass from the spaces C down the grooves, through the holes Z) and 4 and into a chamber K below the bottom plate. The ports 5 are very narrow so that solid mattei' is prevented from entering the inclined grooves, and these ports are shown of exaggerated width in. Fig. '7. The shape and inclination of the grooves 1 is not material, and may be varied in any way, so as to permit of the escape of the expressed liquid from thesolid matter. y

The inner end of each plate of each pile is so cut or formed as to provide or form a tooth al whereby the interior of the drum or chamber is toothedafter the manner of an internally toothed wheel, the root of each tooth communicating with or forming the entrance to a space or passage C between two piles of plates.

The passages C between the piles of radially arranged plates B, may be constricted or reduced in width at or near their outer ends by any suitable means, one and a con.- venient means for the purpose consisting in Aemploying in certain piles of plates, say for example, alternate piles, plates of less length than those in the other piles, and in fitting a block or completing piece Z22 at the outerend of suchshort plates, the ysaid blocks or completing pieces being either of a greater width than the outer end of the plates toA which'they are fitted, or having loose side lpieces 53, b1 of the required ywidth and shape secured by screws b5, or equivalentmeans to their edges., the latter being the arrangement shown. The blocks or completing vpieces 722 are secured in positionby any suitable means, one and a convenient means con sisting in passing a strong pin or bolt be through the top plate A of the fixed drum or chamber, through the 'particular pile of blocks or completing pieces, and through the bottom plate A1 of the ixeddrum or casing.

The blocks or completing pieces, or the pieces fitted to their edges, as the case might Apieces at their outer ends, are that the piles of plates, or any of the same, can be readily lfitted and `removed by withdrawing the tpins or bolts which secure the blocks or com- 40 i pleting pieces and withdrawing such blocks or4 completing pieces, or those: which are necessary, so allowing of access being hadto the piles of'plates, or to any particularpile, and that should there be any choking of the passages, this would generally be remedied `by the removal of the blocks or completing pieces and so increasing the size of the outlets of the passages, and by allowing the machine to run until such passages were cleared. s y

Inside the drum or chamber built yup as before described, and rotatable therein, is an said drum or chamber.

open sided hollow box or casing of cylinjdrical shape, said box or casing consisting of an upper circular plateD and a lower similar plate D1, the upper plate D fitting loosely in a circular hole in the top or cover plate A of the fixed drum or cham- V ber and the lower plateD1 fitting loosely in a similar hole in the bottom plate A1 of the Y The upper plate D ofthe rotatable box or casing isprovided with an upwardlyprojecting'tubularfportion (Z which carries a removable hopper d1, the lower plate D1 having a vtubular depending portion (Z2 on which, ac-

cording to one mode is keyed or otherwise ixedly mounted a large bevel or other suitable wheel E.

In the said rotatable box or casing are mounted a plurality of spindles Flon `each of which ismounted a toothed compressing wheel F1,which wheels rotate with the rotatable box or casing and mesh with the teeth on the inner ends of the radially yarranged platesin the fixed drum or chamber, the said `toothed compressing wheels beingalso -adapted yto rotate onor with the spindles on which they are mounted.

`Between each two toothed compressing wheels, is a shaped block Gwhich acts as a distance piece between ,the/top and -bottom plates D and ,D17 of the rotatable box or casing and also as a guide for the material or substance passing from the center of the box or casing to the point at whichpressure is applied by the teeth of lthe compressing wheels. s s 4 j Passing through the center of the rotatable box or casing isI` a rotatable shaft H on which is keyed or otherwise suitably edly mounted a strong worm-screw H1 which :rotates `with such shaft in the tubular portion (Zion the upper plate D of `thesaid box or casing, on which the hopper Z1 is mounted, the bottom end of which shaft H projects through thek .large bevel or like wheel E mounted on the downwardly projecting tubular portion Z2 on the ,bottom plate D1 of thev said rotatable box or casing, a suitable gear wheel J being mounted, according to .one mode,` on the bottom end of the said shaft I-L'the top end of such shaft being rotatable in a bearing in a bridge piece H2 on n 'the top of the fixed drum or chamber. A

thrust bearinglvi., of any suitable type may be employed between the gear wheel J on lthe bottom of the rotatable4 shaft H and the bevel o rlikewheel `E on the don-inwardly projecting tubular portion .of vthe rotatable lbox creasing, if lgear wheels are mounted on vthe portions mentioned.

Fitted below the bottom plate A1 iof thel :fixed drum 0r chamber built up of piles of radially arranged plates B and their top Yand bottom plates A and A1, and supporting the same, is an annular trough `or casing K into which the oil or other liquid expressed from the seed or the like being'compressed, flows through the said holes 4, such trough or casing having a suitable outlet or outlets.

`Mounted above butpreferably on the top of the said drum 4or casing is another hollow casing or chamber L into which steamican be admitted for heating the seed or j the like being compressed. Steam canalso be driven from the chamber L through the holesB into the holes throughthe radially. arranged' plates B for the purpose of cleansing-lthein of sediment or any accumulation of oil or neeaeei the like which maysettle on the walls of the holes therethrough.

Surrounding the bottom of the fixed drum or chamber is a horizontal ring or table M adapted to rotate around such drum or chamber, said ring or table being provided with a vertical knife M1 or the equivalent, or with more than one, for cutting off or breaking into pieces of a predetermined length the extruded compressed material as it exudes from the passages between the piles of radially arranged plates B in the said fixed drum or chamber, said ring or table being rotated by any convenient means, one means suitable for the purpose consisting in providing its periphery, or a suitable iiange or ring formed or fitted thereon, with teeth fm with which teeth a pinion or like wheel N, driven from any suitable source of power, gears.

For the purpose of removing the pieces of cut or broken compressed material from the rotatable ring or table onto which they fall, I employ a fixed arm or device such as P which is `fitted to a fixed portion of the machine, which device projects over the ring or table M preferably at an angle and intercepts the severed pieces of material as the table rotates and guides them to the edge thereof from which they fall on to the iioor or into sacks or the like provided to receive them. i

The apparatus is mounted on a suitable base It, or the equivalent, which is provided, according to one mode, `with bearings R1, R2 for the driving mechanism which consists conveniently of a shaft S on which is a fast pulley S1 and a loose pulley S2,the shaft being driven through the fast pulley from any suitable source of power such as a line of shafting, motor or the equivalent, which pulley shaft `transmits motion to the rotatable parts of the machine through suitable gear wheels, one of which wheels T, which is keyed on suoli shaft, gears with the large bevel E on the bottom of the rotatable box or casing situated in the fixed drum or chamber and drives such box or casing, a second wheel T1 on such shaft S gearing with a wheel U on a counter shaft Ul provided on its inner end with a bevel wheel U2 which gears with a bevel wheel J on the bottom of the vertical shaft H which passes up through the rotatable box or casing, and on which the worm-screw I-I1 is mounted, and drives such shaft and worm-screw, a third wheel T2 on .said pulley shaft S gearing with a gear `wheel WV mounted on the spindle .n of the toothed wheel N which gears with the teeth on the horizontal ring or table M which surrounds the bottom of the fixed drum or chamber, and drives such wheel N and so causes the rotation of the said horizontal ring or table and the knife or knives or the like carried thereby.

In operation, the seed or other material is fed into the hopper carried by the upwardly projecting tubular portion of the box or casing, which is rotatable in the fixed drum or chamber, and falls into such tubular portion, being forced down therein by the wornrscrew on the vertical shaft, and outwardly into the spaces or passages between the teeth on the inside of the fixed drum or chamber, formed on the inner ends of the piles of radially arranged plates, into which it is compressed and forced under pressure through the said passages between the piles of radially arranged plates by the teeth of the wheels, in which passages the seed or the like is further compressed as it passes therethrough and is extruded in the form of sheets or lengths of compressed material of the desired cross-sectional shape.

If the material being treated is in the form of oil or liquid containing seeds or the like, the oil or liquid is expressed from the seed or material as the seed or material is squeezed through the passages between the piles of radially arranged plates, the expressed oil or liquid flowing through the ports 5 or between the adjacent surfaces of the plates along' the grooves or channels in the plates and down through the holes with which the plates are provided and thence to the trough or receiver provided below the fixed drum or chamber for its reception. Then the sheets or the like of compressed material exude from the passages in which compression takes place, they are eut off or broken into pieces of the required length by the knife or knives or the equivalent mounted on the rotatable ring or table as a result of the rotation of such ring or table, on to which they fall and from which they are caused to pass or fall off at a given point by the arm or like device which projects over such ring or table. j

In place of driving the rotatable box or casing, the vertical shaft which carries the worin screw, and the rotatable ring or table, from below, as before described, the driving mechanism may be arranged to drive the said parts from above.

I elaimz l. In a press, a stationary drum formed of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them and provided with outlets for expressed liquid, outlet passages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plates, and the inner ends of the said plates having wheel teeth, a revoluble casing journaled centrally in the said drum, and a toothed compressing wheel journaled eccentrically in the casing and ar ranged in gear with the said wheel teeth.

2. In a press, a stationary drum formed of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them and provided pinion or like compressing with outlets for expressed liquid, outlet Vpassages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plates, and the inner ends of the said plates having wheel teeth, a revoluble casing journaled centrally in the said drum, spaced blocks secured in the said casing, and a series of toothed compressing wheels journaled eccentrically in the said casing between the said blocks and arranged in Vgear with the said wheel teeth.

3. In a press, a stationary drum formed of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of yplates arranged between them and provided with outlets for expressed liquid, outlet passages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plates, and the inner ends of the said plates having wheel teeth, a revoluble casing journaled centrally in the said drum, spaced blocks secured in the said casing, a tubular feeding chamber secured centrally to the said casing, means for forcing the material through the feeding chamber into the central part of the said casing, and a series of toothed compressing wheels journaled eccentrically in the said casing between the said blocks and arranged in gear with the said wheel teeth.

il. In a press. a stationaryT drum `formed of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them and provided with outlets for expressed liquid, outlet passages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plat-es, means for forcing the material under pressure from the central part of the drum through the said passages, a knife for cutting the strips of solid material into predetermined lengths as they protrude from the said passages, and means for moving the said knife circumferentially around the said drum.

5. In a press, a stationary drum formed of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them and provided with outlets for expressed liquid, outlet passages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plates, means for forcing the material under pressure from the central part of the drum through the said passages, an annular table journaled concentric with the drum and arranged around the lower part of it, means for revolving thesaid table, and a series of cutting-off knives projecting upwardly from the said table.

G. In a press, a stationary drum formed of top and bottom Aplates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them, outlet ipassages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plates, the 'plates of each said pile having vertical holes for the escape of expressed liquid and having also lateral grooves in their adjacent surfaces which form ports at the edges of the plates and which communicate with their said holes, and means for forcing the materialunder pressure from the central part of the said drum through the said passages.

7. In a press, a stationary drum formed of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them and provided with outlets for expressed-liqi'iid, outlet passages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plates, side pieces secured to certain of the said piles of plates in the outer end portions of the said passages and operating` to reduce "the area'of their delivery ends, and means for forcing the material under pressure from'the central part of the said drum through the said passages.

8. In a press, a stationary drum formed ,of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them and provided with outlets for expressed liquid, outlet passages for solid matter being formed betweenthe piles of plates, certain of the said piles of plates having removable and correspondingly laminated outer end portions provided with pieces which project into the outer end portions of the said passages and which reduce the area of their delivery ends, and means for forcing the material under pressure from the central part of the said drum through the said passages.

9. In a press, a stationary drum formed of top and bottom plates and spaced piles of plates arranged between them, outlet passages for solid matter being formed between the piles of plates, the said top and bottom plates and the plates of each said pile having vertical communicating holes for the inlet of steam and for thefescape of expressed liquid, and the said piles of plates having also lateral grooves in their adjacent surfaces which form ports at the edges of the plates and which communicate with their said holes, and means for forcing the material under pressure from the central part of the ysaid drum through the said passages.

Intestimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BERNARD CYRIL BARTON.

Witnesses Louis EDGAR KIPPAX, HERBERT WHEAT.

Cpies of this 'patent may be olitained for fnie cents each, by addressing 'the Commissioner of Patenti,

` Washington, D. C.

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