US1238546A - Lathe-chuck. - Google Patents

Description

0.1. l\/IAI\JUELl da NI. L. RICHARDSON.

LATHE CHUCK. APPUCATION FILED. Nov. e. 191'6.

Pateted Aug. 28, 1917.

NlllElll TAVlE@ ATENT lElFlfGU.

@HABILES J". MANUEL AND MARSHALL L. RICHARDSON, 0F WALTI-IAM, MASSACHU- SETTS.

LATHE-CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug.. 28, 1917..

Application led November 6, 1916. Serial No. 129,655.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatwe, CHARLES J. MANUEL and MARSHALL L. RICHARDSON, citizens of the United States, and residents of W'altham, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Lathe-Chucks, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

Our present invention is an improved chuck adapted to hold work of any sort in a lathe, or other machine tool, preferably a rotary tool, for grinding, turning or similar work. The objects of the invention are to provide a simple and improved construction of such a chuck having radial jaws to hold the work, and efficient means to operate said jaws through the rotation of the chuck 1tself, whereby the radial jaws clamping the work may be moved inwardly or outwardly and maintained firmly in position at any point to which they may be moved. Other objects of the invention are to provide a simple, compact chuck of great strength having its jaw operating mechanism inclosed and protected from injury, dust or the like, as well as eliminating all possibility of injury to the operators of the lathe. ln carrying out our invention we prefer to utilize three or more radially slidable gripping jaws which engage the work to be held by the chuck, automatically centering the same and rotating the work so held with the chuck. We also employ a spirally grooved member or scroll to open and close the gripping jaws and actuate said scroll member in either direction at the will of the operator by means of sliding sleeves operated and locked by wedges, which sleeves control the rotation of a gear wheel which actuates the scroll.

Referring to the drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a front view view of our improved chuck, showing the radial jaws to hold the work and the spiral or scroll member in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on the line 2*2 of Fig. 1, showing one half the chuck in cross section and the remaining half in plane view.

It will be appreciated that we may make our improved chuck of any suitable size, diameter or strength, and with the jaws specially formed, if desired, for particular lines of work. Also any desired means of attaching the chuck to a lathe, spindle or other rotary member of a machine, may be employed, the important features of our invention being the method of and means for automatically moving the work-holding jaws inwardly or outwardly and locking them where so moved.

rlhe chuck comprises a principal member having a hub 1 and a flange 2, preferably formed integrally therewith, which flange is provided with a plurality of grooved slides, here shown as three in number, 3, t and 5, each slide having grooves or ribs 6, 6, therein, to engage corresponding recesses 7 in the sides of each of the radial jaws 8, 9 and 10. These jaws may have a plurality of gripping faces 11, 12 and 13 as is usual. Each jaw carries on its rearward portion a projecting pin 14E, extending through the slide openings in position to engage with the spiral groove 15 formed in the face of a ring 17 immediately back of the fiange 2. This scroll member 17 may be mounted to rotate on a ball bearing and raceway as indicated at 18, F ig. 2, which bearing is of usual type and extends entirely around the hub l, a track 19 being fitted around the hub l for the purpose and a hardened bearing ring 20 welded or otherwise secured to the scroll member 17 to constitute this bearing. Rotation of the member 17 and consequently a radial shifting of each jaw 8, 9 and 10 through engagement of the respective pins 14 in the scroll groove, will act to open or close the jaws, as will be readily understood. l/Ve prefer to arrange the pins 14C of each slide properly offset to allow for the pitch of the groove and thus keep the jaws concentric with the center of the flange 2. rlhe scroll member 17 carries on its inner side and near its outer periphery, a beveled gear 21 in position to mesh with the gear teeth 22 of an idler 23 mounted on a bushing 24- carried by the stud 25, held in a washer 26, secured to a rim or cover 27 which may be formed integrally with the ange 2 or rigidly secured thereto, and which constitutes a cover for the scroll operating mechanism. To retain the stud 25 and idler 23 in place, we provide a head 28 on one end of the bolt 25 and attach a washer 29 by a screw 30 threaded into the other end 31 of the stud, preferably having the latter square so that the rotation of the idler 23, when the same occurs, will rotate the stud 25 within the bushing 24. Ar-

ranged oppositely to the gear 21 on the scloll member 17 a ring32 having corresponding gear teeth 33 tomesh ivith tlieidler QS'and, preferably, a ball bearing 3% is positioned between the end of the Washer 26 and the stud ring 32, grooving raceivays therefor, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

Itivillbe noted that the stud carrying the idler 23, the scrollfmember 17 'andlthe ring 32, which bears directly aeainst the inner ysurface ofthe cover"27,`W1llallhe rotated with'the hub 1 `Vand 'flangej ofthe chuck under normal conditions, Lthe v ra dial jaivs V8, 9 and 10 4being similarly rotated vvith'th'e saidjjavvs'iii relative positien, determined bythe positi'nof their vstuds "lil1 in the groove 15. Howevenif themember 1 7 is held against rotation Wliile the 'chuck continues its rotation, the continued movement of the flange 2 carrying the j avv's 8,9 and '10 willautomatically move said slides rad'iallyof the iange 2, as theirrespective studs '14 traverseth'e spiral 15, `which is stationary Withthe member '17, 4the idler 23 rolling freely around the gear Q1 `anticorr'elspondingly rotating the Aring 32. Conversely, if the ring'BZ is held'against rotation'du-ring the'continued operation ofthe chuck, theidler 23 being carried around y'by the yrotating chuck, willltend to rotate the scrolll member 17 'on the ball bearings1S,"thus again` moving the jaws 8,'9and 10 inth'eir respective slideivays'but in vanopposit'e directio'ln'to that previously described. Therefore tlieslidingfjaws can 'be 'thus move'd either imvardly` or outwardly vduring the limit' offv their sliding movement afforded by th'etpitch'of the groove 15, as long as the ring 82 or scroll inei'nb'er 17 are thusheld from rota-tion. Y Furthern'iore, when 'the scroll 17angl'fla1`1'ge 2 are ,again rotated together, the jaws will be locked'firinly Wherever they have thus' been adjusted. A

'In order to hold either the ineinber 17 or the`ring 32 froinrotative movement for the desired ylength 'of time to operate thejaws, 9 and 10, We provide devicesmountedon sliding sleeves concentric Witlrthe"h'ub 1. As shown in the' drawings, a sleeve 35jisarranged to. slide upon the hub "1, and )this sleeve carries 'at `its inner face a friction' 'disk 36, Vprefer'ably. carrying leather or the like friction lining: material 37, inA polsition'toem gage the scroll' n'in'nber 17 "when the slide' 35 is movedforivardly or vtoward theflan'ge 2. The second'sleeve 3S is also 'arranged to slide upon the'iirst sleeve 35 which second sleeve carries afriction disk 39 preferablybiac'ed by a fian'ge -10 and being lined with friction material 11 around its outer periphery in position to engage the ring 32. Movement of 'sleeve livvill detain the scroll member 17 from* rotation, .permitting the continued rotation ofJ-the yflange-2 to `slide the javvs, While release'ofthe'inember 17 and' the' slidforward of sleeve the ring fthe sleeves 35 and 38, We prezfer to employ a handleveroperating a pair of Wedges"1lso the outer sleeve 38 is slotted at a"pliir`ality of points, v42,'ai-mindits periphery, to receive a bolt 4:3, of less diameter than` the length of said slot, Which bltistlireaded into'a correspondingly:tapped recess i'n -thef ,inner sleeve Se. plurality of; these bolts 43 are arranged, "and they Epre"ve'nttlie'l normal-'ro- 't`1. tiiif ofI either sleeve "iv ith "the chuck, "-ivliile `pernntting the stlidihg *action thereon 4las abpvefezplained. 'loaetuatefthesleeves 35 'and 3'8, provide, a "vvedgefnieinber"45, Ito which i'sfattached ap'ojecti'iig'lever 46 'i lraving 'its outer end lpivdt'ed f at 47 jto `a hand lever '4S-also pi'votefd liteit) to-a bracket 50 secured 4jto'any iiXed "part oftheliath'e. 'A jsivinging movement ofthe liai'itlle 48 invvardly or o'iitiva'rdlyivillfaetuate `.the "Wedge member '45 tto lforce `the slide inwardly, saidslid'e havin'gabeveled facej 51 to coper- "ate with va"`si1iiilar beveled ffa'ce 5:2 oiif'said slide. VVe'al'solprefer to eXtentl oriebf the 4'studs 43 'sufiiciently, iff necessary, so thai-tf the 1 saine may engage 'the bracket l"50 'or any" other 1 naar par@ or the-raum, wie@ the fsieevess and 38 v,from rotation. A f simil-ar "ived'ge'd ineniberl' having thereon `a beveled face 56 tioi cooperate `with af correspondingly wedged facedmemberf( n'the lo'iver sleeve''i'effects slitlinglmoveirifit of said sleeve, the slot '4Q permitting? such relative motion 4between the -tlWo sleeves,l :as already explained. iln order to retaiirandl assembleV thes'aid sleeves in Y,position'We thread-'a YWasher 5`A8-ontola threacledportiont ffthef hub '1,7 boring sp ahier holes '59 thereins'o" thatthesarre niay'be rotatedI loyfa Wrench l In "rdigto inclose 'and proteetzthe 'gearand brake' niechahismfas iv'ell as *tofafl'ord abacking and baringf'o'r the'i'in'g SZfvveappl' l"a cap^60, having 'its eenter bored sufficiently to 'encircle bothftlie sleeves andthewhub 1 and tvith itsoiiterfend portion' 'carryinga projecting Harige @litioy 'fit vvitliin'theurim of th'ecover'; This ef- ,feetuall'y1 protects thefineelianisni frein dust, idirt and flying L'particles cut in the A"lathe, grinder" r'the like in which thechuck -isbeing'nsed. .The entire chuckmay be'applied to' the spindle vof a lathe in 'any desiredrnan- `1`ier,as bya ring 62' fitted o'nthe' reduced "end portion: 6'3""61 lthe'hub 1 and Withtbltsnti 'iitted therethrough.

`:Our improved chuck l'isfquic'kly andinstautly operated, `being alvvfaysl ready for .the atteiidant to 'open orfclosejtlie fvvrkholding javvs` thriighfthe .antonaticVf'rtation f the `chuck,"lbeiif1"e instantly released 'jivlien desired. Tre @ionen disks *prevent any `ldanger to either the vvo'rk'Y-or1 the'jaws'sh'oulid Eice its

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a careless workman hold the same in position too long or close the jaws more tightly than the work demanded, as the engagement with the ring or scroll member would readily slip at such a time. The entire operating Oear for the scroll is compactly inclosed within a substantially dust-proof cover and entirely within the normal limits of the chuck, while a simple, efficient and strong construction is provided therefor.

Our invention is further described and defined in the form of claims as follows:

l.- A work holding chuck, having a hub adapted to be rotated by a machine element, a flange on said hub carrying a plurality of work-holding jaws for radial movement relatively with said hub, a scroll member rotatable on said hub and having' means connecting each of said jaws thereto, in combination with means for effecting relative r0- tative movement between said jaws and scroll to slide said jaws radially, including a pair of concentric sleeves, one being slidably mounted on said hub and the other slidably mounted on the rst sleeve, means to slide one or both sleeves at will and connections from said sleeves to the scroll member to r0- tate it in either direction, comprising a lever, a pair of coperating wedge faces, and a stop on said inner sleeve extending through an elongated slot in said outer sleeve.

2. A work-holding chuck, having a hub adapted to be attached to and rotated by Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by

a machine element, a right angle liange thereon, a plurality of aws adapted to slide radially in the face of said flange, means to actuate all of said jaws simultaneously, comprising a member having a spiral cam path, a friction disk in position to engage said member and effect the sliding movement of all said jaws in one direction, in combination with a second friction disk, a rotatable ring, and a gear, rotatably carried with the chuck and adapted to reverse the direction of rotation of said member, to move the jaws in the opposite direction, a pair ot' concentric sleeves on said hub, the inner one adapted to slide on said hub and the outer sleeve adapted to slide on said inner sleeve, said sleeves carrying respectively said friction disks, and a pair of wedge members tooperate either of said friction disks at will, and means to hold said sleeves where thus moved.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this speciiication, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES J. MANUEL. MARSHALL L. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses to C. J. M.:

WM. B. PoULIN, DAVID BARsr-IELL.

Witnesses to M. L. R.: AARON C. WHITE, LEO X. SMITH.

addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

41Washington, D. C.

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