US1225534A - Electrical system. - Google Patents

Description

fin/Ammi- ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

AP`PLICAT|0N FILED APR-27| |915.

y Pmmed May 8, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET www@ R.`\/ARLEY. ELEcTRLcAL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AvR-ZT, lm.

Patented May 8, 19W.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Lsgc,

R. VARLEY.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION man APR. 21. 1915.v

Patented May 8, 191?.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3 INVENTOR R. VARLEY, l

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION msn APR. 21; 191s.

Mme@ May 8,1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 INVENTOR Bronnen vanter, or nnernwoon, irnw-Jnnsnr.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented inlay e, 119117.,

Application tiled. April 27, 1915.v Serial No. 24,252.

To all "whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, Rieu-um VARLEY, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Englewood, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful improvements in Electrical Systems, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention is an electrical system wherein a high tension flow or discharge of current is effected at a current using` instrumentality, such as a. spark gap or the spark plug of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

As such a system l aim for high eliiciency in spark discharge or energizing of the current using instrument, simplicity of construction and arrangement and lexibilityiin control.

ln Letters Patent 1,081,413, granted to me on December 16th, 1913, l disclose an electrical system employing a transformer wherein the magnetic flux may be built up to a supernormal-state of intensity for prolonged energizing thereby of a current using instrumentality. ln said Letters APatent l show means for controlling the flux and comprising essentially a circuit adapted to be opened and closed at desired intervals to elfect periodical discharges of current at the instrument, and issued on applications divided from the disclosure of the specification of the said Letters Patent are Letters Patent No. 1,103,385, granted to me, July 14th, 1914, and No. 1,112,177, granted to me September 29th 19111, and wherein are disclosed means, comprising a plurality of cir cuits, one or more of which are used in building up and in controlling the state of flux in the transformer.

ln the latter two 1Letters Patent said circuits are shown as comprising windings onv a plurality of legs of the transformer core.`

These windings may both be energized from a source of alternating current or from a source of -continuous current. `When connected with the source -of alternating cur rent, preferably the circuit of only one of .the windings is interrupted to obtain current 'ment in ignition systems.

V ing winding for the transformer for energizing the current using instrumentality from a source of continuous current, such y as a battery.

l also herein disclose other novel features of construction, all of which will be liereinafter more fully set forth in the following description in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings and which is addressed to those skilled in the art. l

1n the drawings l have shown my invention as applied to an ignition system whereby the gaseous charges in the cylinders of an internal combustion engine,` may be exploded. However, my invention `cis not limited in use but, on account of *the advantages obtained thereby, it finds desired embodilt also will be apparent that many changes may be made in the construction and arrangement shown, without departing from my inventiona Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of an ignition system embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modified form of interrupter mechanism; Fig'. 3 is a diagramma-tic view showing an arrangement wherein a' plurality of transformers are employed to energize a plurality of spark plugs or current using instruments; Fig. le is a similar view, showinga manner of utilizing the magnetic flux of the transformer core, to operate the current responsive integrupter mechanism; and Fig. 5 is a similar view showing'a modified manner of mounting the interrupter mechanism and of disposing the windings on the legs of the transformers.

ln'lig. 1, the numeral 2 indicates the core l of a transformer 3 that corresponds generally with that disclosed in my several above mentioned Letters Patent in that it is preof which a magnetic flux is caused to be built up in the cere to a supernormal state for-energizing of a secondary'winding 6, which is grounded and leads to the rotatable arm 7 of distributer apparatus 8 the seg` ments 9 of which connect with the spark plugs of the cylinders of the engine '(not shown)` the usual manner. Switch mechanism 10 is employed to establish -be-v tween the winding 4l andfan alternating current generator 11 and @between winding 5 liti v to connect through switch contacts 1'6 and grounding the circuit, as. at'25 in common 17 and 18 of switch 10 with 'winding 19 of the interrupter mechanism 14 which 1n turn through switch contacts 20, 21, and 22 may be brought into circuit with transformer winding 4 when therotatable arni 23 of the roller timer 13 passes to a timer segment 24,

with ground 15; the switch blades 17 and 21 being movable into bridging contact with the respective associated contacts 16 and 18 and 20 and 22, when arm 26 of the switch 10 is shifted to magneto position marked'.

M on the index plate 27 of the switch mounting. When the switch varm is shifted to this magneto position, switch contact 28 bridges contacts 29 and 30, thereby causing the winding v5 of the transformer to vbe normally short circuited through aiXed contact 31 and contact 32v carried by an armaturel blade 33 arranged in attractive juxtaposition to the` electro-magnet core 34 of said interrupter mechanism.

The roller timer mechanism 13 is geared to be driven in synchronism with the engine,

as in the usual manner, and withthe switch f mechanism 10 adjusted for magneto connections in the manner above described, it will be apparent that, with driving by the engine of the generator 11 to produce a suitable alternating current, travel 'of the timer arm 23 into engagement with the segment 24 will close the circuit of the transformer Windingk 4, settin up a uX in the core thereof. With the circuit of the winding 5 closed by the interrupter mechanism 14, said winding acts as a choke upon thev .travei of the magneticu lines of force set up inthe transformer core, causing a reprelsvsion thereof from that particular portion of the core in such manner that, with sutlicient source strength, the lines of force tend to.` take a leakage path intermediate the 'sides-l or legs of the transformer. As the current wave approaches or reaches its maximum point or period of lflow the core of the electrqmagnet 14 will be sufficiently energized,

by reason of the magnet winding 19I in the the. armature 33 and separate contact 32 from contact l31, and thus suddenly opening the circuit of the-winding 5," the circuit of this winding 5 causes the repressed flux to assume the normal.A magnetic path of the core, causing in the leg carrying Opening of v l the secondary winding 6 a magnetic surge.

of great intensity which immediatelyi builds up in the secondary winding 6 a voltage capable of instantly breaking down or bridging the gap of a spark plug connected 1n circuit through the distributer arm 7 and a segment 9. During the time the roller timer arm 23 is in engagement with a segment 24, the Winding 4 of the transformer remains in active circuit with the generator so that during and after the first disruptive movement olf' the fiux in the core, the tendency is to maintenance of an active state of iux for prolonged energizing of the current using instrumentality, all as clearly set forth in my above mentioned Letters Patent By employing the roller timer 13 or' other suitable contact mechanism for intermittently establishing the above mentioned cir-` cuit closure, I provide means for 'bringing the `transformer Winding 5 into circuit wit the source of continuous current or battery 12, when the switch arm 26 is shifted in an opposite directionk or to battery position marked B on the indicator plate 27.

Shifting of the switch arm to battery position causes the switch blade 21 to connect .contact 20 with contact 35 and to cause contact 17 to bridge contacts 18 and 30. As a result the interrupter windingv 19 is connected in circuit with the contacts 31 and 32 so that the armature blade 33 vibratorily responds to cause a pulsative flow of current from the lbattery through the transformen winding 5 when the roller timer arm23 passes to a segment 24 and completes said battery circuit through grounds 25 and 12av Energizing of the windlng 5, of course, in-

duces a high potential current -in the sec ondary winding 6, as is vwell understood,`

when the'circuit of winding 4 is open, for

energizing of the spark plug connected in circuit by the synchronously driven distribute'rmechanism 8. -A usual -condenser 36 1s preferably-connected across the contacts 31 and 32.4

V`With the switch arm 26 shifted to Bl or battery connection, it will be seen thatthe generator 11 and the transformer winding 4.are brought out of actiwefcircuit.v The arrangement shown is such that the battery current may-be utilized through this same transformer instarting the engine or at such ,tlmes When thev generator 1s running at a speed non-productive ofA eiectiveenergizing -tive of a certain portion o f the alternating current. Said` portion may'be either the A positive or the negative part, Ithe interrupter .ofhe transformer byA the alternating curl ren circuit of the generator winding, to attractl magnetism. Another leg or pole piece 38v of the magnet carries the winding 19 above described in. connection with Fig. 1. Either pole or leg 37 or 38 singly is ineffective to attract the armature 33. The arrangement is such that the interrupter will respond to interrupt the circuit of lthe transformer winding 5 to currents flowing in one direction only. lt will be assumed that the leg 37 is of N or north polarity and the leg or pole 38 of S or 'south"7 polarity. The winding 19 may be so arranged as to cause an increase in the energizing of the pole 38 when the positive portion of the current wave traverses the winding 19, so that when it rises to its maximum value it will attract the armature blade 33 for opening of the circuit of the winding 5, for the purposel above set forth,.but when the negative portion of the current Wave traverses said winding 19, the pole 37 will be weakcned, so that the armature 33 does not attractively respondlfor separation of the contacts 31 and 32, or the arrangement may be reversed, if desired, so that the negative portion only of the wave may operate to actuate the interrupter mechanism, it being premised that my invention is not limited to utilization of any particular portion of the current wave. lt also will be apparent that l may use any suitable form of magnet functionally cor-responding to the magnet above described.

Among the advantages of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is the following: 1n Fig. 1 it will be seen that with the employment of a generator of the high frequency type, a plurality of' pulsations may `traverse the winding 19 of the current responsive interl rupter during travel of the controller of timer arm 23 over a segment 24. As a rcsult the current interrupter mechanism 14, unless otherwise controlled, responds to sep-A arate ,the contacts 31 and 32 at each impulse or rise of the current to maximum value, causing the transformer to deliver a succession of sparks, at the plug during the engagement of the distributer arm with the respective plug segment 9. In the present arrangement of Fig. 2, the selective or polarized. interrupter is responsive to only the positive pulsations or the negative pulsa-`l switch arm 26 is shifted to battery position and the roller timer otherwise completes the circuit, as above described in connection with Fig. 1, the current from the battery is made to flow through the interrupter winding 19 in the right direction so that said interrupter is vibratorily responsive to said continuous current.

lnasmuch as the system shown in Fig. 2 in other respects corresponds with the system shown in Fig. 1, further description-of `this second arrangement is rendered unnecessary, like reference numerals being used to indicate like parts.

ln Fig. 3 l have shown a system wherein a plurality of transformerunits are employed and in which each transformer may be energized from the source of continuous current without bringing the controlling coil or choke coil (indicated in Figs. 1 and as the coil or winding 5) into circuit with said source of current. Each transformer 3 is provided with an energizing winding 4 which by means of switch mechanism 10 and the roller timer mechanism 13, may be brought into circuit with the generator 11 or with the source of continuous current 12, in the circuit of which last named source is vibrator` mechanism 14a. llach transformer is provided with an auxiliary interrupter mechanism 14b the winding of which is in series with the transformer windingl 4. The secondary winding G5 of each transformer is suitably grounded and leads to a spark plug (not shown).

'With the switch arm 26 shifted to either generator or battery connection, passage of the synchronously driven roller timer arm 23 into engagement with a segment 24 of thev timer, completes the circuit of a respective coil or winding 4 of the transformer through ground 12a or l'and ground 2:'. l lnergiz ing of the winding 4 besides setting up a state of flux in the respective transfm'iuer in the manner already described. causes energizing of the winding of the. auxiliary interrupter or vibrator 14 for opening of the circuit of the winding 5 aiulrenergizing of the spark plug connected in circuit of the respective secondary winding G', as is understood, energizing of a transformer by the generator causing the respective interrupter or controller 14h to respond at or. near the peak of the current wave.

When the switch arm 26 is shifted for utilization of the battery current, the vibrator` 14a causes a trembled flow of current through a transformer winding 4 connected in circuit throughV grounds 12a and 25 as the roller timer arm 23 engages a segment 24. rlhe interrupter 14a is preferably lagged slightly behind the vibrators 14b so that the choke coil circuit of any transformer is opened before the battery circuit is opened by meansof the yinterrupter 14h.

In Fig. 4 I show la system corresponding With that shown in Fig. 3 (and like parts of 'which accordingly bear like reference numerals) with the exception that the auxiliary vibrator or current responsive interrupter 14h is here disclosed as having its electro-magnet forming part ofthe transformer. This is preferably done by extendiiig from the transformer core a leg portion 34b carrying the energizing winding 19 in series with the winding 4. The arrangement is such that the lux of the transformer core assists the flux set up inj the leg 34 bythe windin 19 so that very few ampere turns of win ing 19 are required. Furthermore, it provides a compact, self-con-` tained arrangement. In this system shown in Fig.` 4 it also will .be noticed that the choke winding or controlling circuit 5 is disposed at opposite ends or sides of the secondary winding 6. This brin the secondar winding into 4a more intimate and there orey iniuentially receptive inductive relationship to the core of the transformer and operates to reduce the co per content or bulk of windin of both cho e winding' and secondary vvin ing, resulting in. compactness and saving in cost of production.

In lieu of extending the transformer core 1n the manner shown'in Fig..4 to form` a core 34" for the magnet of the interrupte? mechanism, I may cause therise and fallo the flux in the main core of j the transfori'nen;v tol actuate the interrupter blade orarmature.

Such an arrangementl is shown Fig. 5 the parts of which correspond with those of Fig. 4 andbear like reference numerals In vthis system,- the transformer core carries the armature blade .33*EL in such manner that it .lies attractively adjacent the end of a le carrying the active winding 4. It thus wi l be seen that control of the interruptor is effected solely through the transformer per Se., the extra winding 19 shown inthe preceding arrangements dependence in operation esides having s tructuraladvantages" in lcompactness of vform 4and simplicity of mounting of the interrupter bladeor armature. ,i

The broad features herei described of building up a high state of flux from a source of energy and causing said iux. to

inductively energize a current using instrumentality are not claimed herein as the same are covered bymy above mentioned Letters Patent No. 1,081,413. i

The arrangements shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5,. except as hereinafter may be claimed,

are not claimed herein as the same form subject matter of my applications SerialNos. 41,427, and 53,196.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent,1s: l -Y cuit 'of the last named coil'and having electrically actuable means circuit with' salda v being eliminated." This direct action results in positiveness and .tro-magnetic means in circuit .withl said 1. A source of energy and a circuit therei for, a coil inductively vrelated vto said 'circuit .and a second coil inductively related to the other coil, of current responsive means for intermittently short circuiting said rst coil.-

2. 'A source of energy-and a circuit therefor, a plurality of'colls inductively related' to said circuit, one of said coils having in circuit a spark gap., and current actuated 4. A sourceof energy and a circuit therey f for, a plurality of coils inductively relatedv 1 to said circuit and to one another, one of.; said coils having in circuit a *spark` gap, and currentactuated means for intermittently short circuiting-,ancther of said coils.

5. A source of energy and a circuittlierefor, a coil inductivelyrelated to said cir- *v 1' cuit and having in circuit a spark gap, a '9d coil-for controlling said inductive relationship, and current responsive apparatus for' intermittently shortcircuiting said control- 'I 'I ling coil. A

l6'. A source of energy and a circuit therefor, a coil linductively related to'said cir-- p 'cuit and having in circuit a spark ap,"a coil for controlling said inductive'reationship, and apparatus .for controlling vthe cirx V7. A source of energyl and a-circuitthere for, a coil inductively vrelated ltosaid cir? -10's cuit, a second coil -inductivel related.' to said other coil, and means or intermit-v tently short .circuiting one of' said coils andl I l' I. comprising electro-magnetic means4 iiiI circuit with said source. v 8. A source 'of energy and a circuit there-- for, a vcoi1i"ind uctively related tosaid circuit, a 4second coil inductively vrelated'tov A said other coil and having in circuit a spark gap, and means for intermittently short cir-"' v111i cuiting said first coil and'comprising elec- 9. A source of energy 'and a' Circuit there'- j for, a coil inductively related to said circuit, a second coil inductively related to the `other coil, and currentlresponsive means for' lshort circuitingone of said coils and operf "I v atively connected in the first named circuit.

10. A source of energy and a circuit therefor, a coil inductively related to saidcircuit, a second coil inductively related to said circuit and having in circuit a spark gap, and electro-magnetic means connected in said first circuit, for short ciruiting said iirst coil. i

n iaaaeae 11. A source of energyfa plurality of l means in circuit with said source of energy l and said second named winding.

12. A source ,of energy and a winding connected thereto, a second coil or winding inductively related to said first winding, a third coil inductively related to said second winding, and electromagnetic means in A series with said source, for intermittently short circuiting another of said coils or windings.

13. A source of energy and a coil connected thereto, a second coil 'inductively related to said coil, a third coil inductively related to said second coil, and electro-magnetic means in series with said source and one of said' coils, for intermittently short circuiting another of said coils. Y l-l. A. transformer core provided with a plurality of windings one of which is for connection with a source of energy and another of which is connected in circuit with a current using instrumentality, and a cur- I having in circuit a spark gap and,.by reason of said core inductively related to said winding., for intermittently short circuitother winding, a third winding for controlling said inductive relationship, and a current actuated device for intermittently short circuiting said third winding.

16. A ma etizable member provided with a plurality of windings one of which is for connection with a source of energy and another of which is connected in circuit with a current using instrumentality, and current responsive contact mechanism" connected in circuit with said first named ing another of'said windings.

17. A source of' energy and a circuit therefor, a coil inductively related to said circuit and a second coilinductively related to the other coil, of current responsive means for intermittently short circuiting said first coil, and means for also bringing said first coil into and out of energizing connection with a source of energy.

18. A source of energy and a circuit there for, a plurality of coils inductively related to said circuit, one of said coils having in circuit a spark gap, current actuable means for intermittently short circuiting another of said coils, a separate source of energy, and means for connecting said last named coil in circuit with said separate source of energy.

19. A source of energy and acircuit therefor, aplurality of coils inductively related to said circuit;one of said coils having in circuit a spark gap, current actuable means for intermittently `short circuiting another of said coils, a vseparate source of current and meansfor connecting said short circuiting means in circuit with said second source of v energy.

20. A source of energy and a circuitthere for,a plurality of windings inductively related to said circuit, one of said windings having in circuit a current lusing instrumentality, contact mechanism for intermittently short circuiting another of said windings,

and means, including said contact'mechanisrn, for connecting said last named winding in circuit with a separate source'of energy.

21. A source of alternating current and a circuit therefor, a coil inductively related to said circuit, a coil inductively related to said coil and having lin circuit a spark gap, a third coil for controlling said inductive re- 'laticnship between the other coils, contact mechanism for short circuiting said third coil, a source of continuous current, and means for connecting saidthird coil'in circuitl with said source of continuous current. 22. A source of alternating current and a circuit therefor, a coil inductively related to said circuit, a winding inductively related to said coil and having in circuit a spark gap, a circuit for controlling said inductive relationship between saidv first two coils or windings, contact mechanism for short closing said circuit, a source of continuous current, and means for connecting said contact mechanism in said controlling circuit and in circuit with the source of continuous current.

23. A transformer having'a plurality of windings yone of which has in circuit a spark gap, means for connecting another of sai'l windings in circuit with a source of alternating current, means for short circuiting a third of said windings, and means for bringing said third winding into circuit with a source of continuous current.

24. A transformer having a plurality of windings one of which has in circuit a spark gap, means for connecting another of `said windings in circuit with a source of alternatin current, means for short circuiting a third yof said windings and comprising current responsive contact mechanism, an means :for bringing said third windin'g into circuit withv a source of continuous current.

25. A. plurality of inductively related windings one of which has connected in cir- -cuit a current using instrumentality, means for connecting another of said windings in circuit with a source of alternating current, current responsive interrupter mechanism adapted to be connected in circuit with said source of alternating current, for intermitlil@ tently short circuiting a third of said Wind-A ings, and means forconnecting said current responsive interrupter mechanism in circuit with a source of continuous current to cause it to vibratorily energize said third winding. 26. A plurality 4of inductively related windings one of which comprises' essentially a high tension Winding and another of which is adapted for connection with a source of alternating current, Vibrator mechanism for 4intermittently short cir-fruiting?, another of said windings and actuable by the alternating current source, and means for bringing said vibrator mechanism out of energizing relationship with the alternating source and into circuit with a source of continuous current for causing a pulsat'ive How of curwmi through said last named winding.

27. A plurality of windings, current responsive contact mechanism having winding. adapted for connectlon wlth a sourceof a1- ternating. current andi responsive to the "/higher values of tension of said alternating current to interrupt and short circuit one et' said windings, and means for connecting the a contacts and the Winding of said contact mechamsm, 1n circuit with a source of continuous current.

In testimony ,whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

RICHARD VARLEY.

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