US1222985A - Pressure-operated apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

G. C. PHARO.

PRESSURE OPERAT'ED APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED DEC-6.1915.

Patented Apr. 17, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

/////I////////I///I//////// IN VENTOR.

6. c PHHFO HA5 A TTORNE YS.

G. c, PHARO. PRESSURE OPERATED APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 6,1915.

1,222,985. Patented Apr. 17,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- Il\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ I /IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/A a /llllllllllllllll llllllll///4///g INVENTOR. WITNESS 6'. c. PHHRO 9/5 ATTORNEYS.

To all whom it may concern: 7

UNI ED STATES PATEN orrioa;

tiormon. c. PHARO, 0F M RYs vIL E, cALIroRnIA, AssIGNon TO PI-IABO & CHAPMAN, A COPARTNERSHIP COMPOSED or GORDON c. PHARO Am)v RICHARD 1). oHArMAN,

BOTH OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

PRESSURE-OPERATED APPARATUS.

Be it knownthat I, GORDON C. Prniao, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Marysville, county of Yuba,

State of California, have invented a new and useful Pressure-Operated Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to pressure operated apparatus in which pressure is produced in a chamber by the rotation of an impeller or other device acting on a liquid. A'rotatmg impeller is employed for forcing fluid into a chamber, the pressure of the fluid in the chamber varying with the speed of the impeller. l

An object of the invention is to.provide a pressure operated apparatus of the class described, which is simplein construction and efficient and sensitive in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pressure operated apparatus in which unbalanced pressures are produced on opposite sides of a movable Wall.

Another object of the invention'is to provide a pressure operated apparatus having a movable element whose pos1t1on varies with the speed of the impeller or pressure producing element and means for varying the range ofmovement of this element at given speeds of the impeller.

The invention possesses other advantageous features, some of which, with the foregoing will be set forth at length in the following description, where I shall fully explain that preferred form of my invention which is illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the specification. In the drawings I have shown several specific forms of my generic invention, but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the. showing made by the said drawings and description, as I may adopt other variations within the scope of my invention as set forth in the claims'succeeding the description.

Flgure 1 1s a vertical section of one form of ,the apparatus of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a modified form of the apparatus of my invention.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

, Specification of Letters Patent.

Fig. 5 is a view of a portion of the appa ratus, showing the control lever and quadrant.

Patented Apr. 1'7, 1917.

Application filed December 6, 1915. Serial No. 65,259.

The apparatus possesses a variety of uses and since it includes an element whose position varies with the speed of the impeller or pressureproducing element, it may be used as a governor for steam or internal combustion engines, hydraulic apparatus and other devices. It may be employed to control the throttle valve or valve mechanism and in internal combustion engines it may be used to vary the timing of the spark. The apparatus is not injuriously afiected by jolts and is, therefore, particularly adaptable for governing the speed or spark of internal combustion engines which drive vehicles. In connection with internal combustion engine driven tractors it has proved valuable, for these vehicles usually operate over rough and broken ground. But it is contemplated that the most useful field of the invention as embodied in the drawings accompanying the present specification, lies in its application to motor trucks or taxicabs where it is and thus prevent abuse of and undue wear upon the engine and vehicle. v I

I will first describe the apparatus shown in Figs 1. This consists of a tight housing 2 adapted to contain a quantity of liquid and preferably circular in form. In the housing is arranged a rotatable impeller 3 secured to the shaft 4, which in this construction is vertical and which projects from the housing through the stufling box 5. The im-, peller comprises the imperforate plate 6, a plate 7 and a plurality of vanes 8 lying between the plates. Plate 7 is provided with a central suction inlet 9 and is extended outwardly beyond the periphery of plate 6 and then flanged so that it constitutes a cup or casmg 1n the bottom of which the impeller lies. For convenience, the side of the impeller comprising the plate 7 having the suction inlet 9 therein, will be called the suction ,side of the impeller to distinguish it from the opposite or discharge side.

Attached to the wall of the-casing 7 on the discharge side of the impeller is a movable wall or diaphragm 12. This diaphragm may be of any suitable construction, but I prefer to make it of flexible material such as limits the upward leather and to stifien it at the center by metallic plates 13. The diaphragm closes the casing formed by the plate 7 with a wall movable axially relative to the casing and the impeller, and with the casing 7 provides a closed chamber into which a portion of the liquid in the housing is forced by the rotation of the impeller to produce pressure on the movable wall 12. Since rotation of the liquid contained in the housing will, by its centrifugal force, produce undesirable pressures on the casing in opposition to the pressures created by the impeller, means are provided to prevent or minimize this rotation, in the form of radially disposed vanes 1 1 arranged on the walls of the housing in proximity to the rotary casing.

Normally, the movable wall 12 is held in the depressed position by a spring 15 surrounding the axially slidable rod 16 and bearing against the shoe 17 in which the rod terminates, and which bears against the stiifening plate 13 preferably seating in a depression therein. Movement of the wall 12 due to unbalanced pressure produced by rotation of the impeller is thus communicated to the rod 16, but is opposed by the action of the spring 15. The rod 16 is connected directly or by any suitable means to the engine valve gear or other mechanism which it is to regulate or operate. Preferably the rod and spring are contained in an extension 18' of the casing 2. The end of the extension is closed by a nipple 21 slid ably arranged therein. Threaded into the nipple 21 and forming a bushing between it and the rod 16 is a second nipple 24:. The upper ends of both nipples are flattened so that a wrench may be used thereon, and a lock nut 22 permits the nipples to be secured in their relative adjustment. The flange 21 movement of the nipple 21. The housing is filled with oil or other liquid, the'viscosity of which partly determines the sensitiveness of the apparatus. .When the impeller is rotated, the oil is drawn through the suction inlet 9 in the easing '7 and discharged into the chamber formed by the casing and the movable wall. The oil exerts pressure on the wall of the casing and produces an axial movement of the rod 16, in opposition to the spring 15, the amount of movement varying with the speed of the impeller. The relatively adjustable nipples provide means for varying the amount of movement of the rod at any given speed of the impeller. By turning the nlpple 24 in the nipple 21 the tension of the spring is varied, and the rod 16 is moved with greater or less difliculty at the same impeller speed. A light tension on the spring permits the maximum movement of the rod ata given speed of the impeller, while a heavier tension lessens the movement of the rod at the same impeller speed.

naaaesa Suppose the rod 16 to be connected to the throttle valve of a taxicab or truck engine and the shaft 4 connected to a rotating part of the engine. 7 When the'engine is at rest the impeller is wall and rod 16 are in the retracted or depressed position. As soon as the engine picks up speed, the speed of rotation of the impeller mounts and at the selected maximum speed of the engine the efiort of the 5 movable Wall. has overcome the resistance of the spring and has operated the rod 16 and its connected mechanism to partly or wholly close the throttle valve. A. lessening of the engine speed slows the rotation of the imexceedingly close upward push of the spring 15. A bell crank lever is pivoted at 25 upon an extension of the casing and bears upon the top of the lock nut 22, the end 26 of the lever being, bifurcated so as not to interfere with the rod 16 or the end of the nipple 24. The other arm 27 of the bell crank lever is connected by suitable means including the rod 28 to a lever 41, Fig. 5, placed preferably on the steering wheel of the vehicle so that opera-- tion of this and move the nipple structure, thus varying the tension of the spring which permits a variation of the engine speed. Within certain predetermined limits, then, the engine speed is controlled by the of the governor and this limit may be varied within predetermined limits at the will of the operator. The lever 41 is arranged 412, preferably upon machine. The rim of the quadrant is provided With holes 43 so that a padlock 4 1 can readily be snapped therethrough to limit the maximum throw'of the lever and hence the maximum speed of" the engine. the padlock inserted in the quadrant rim the lever may be thrown around to compress the spring 15 to the maximum degree and secure the highest speed of the engine, but by upon a quadrant locking the padlock at the proper point on 125 the quadrant, the driver of the car is limited to the speed corresponding to the greatest spring tension then possible to produce. For convenience, the apertures in the quadrant may be numbered to correspond with the 130 also at rest and the movable 70 the apparatus is 85 The structure 90 lever will rock the bell crank normal operation the steering post of the Without 12,0

speed of the engine when the lever 11 is moved to that point. Fig. 5 shows the padlock inserted in the quadrant to block the further movement of the lever when the speed has reached 30 miles per hour. It will be clear from the above that means are provided whereby the car owner may keep within his control at all times the maximum speed at which the car may be driven by an employee.

In the construction shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, which provides for a horizontal driving shaft, the movable Wall 12 is formed as a piston slidably arranged in the casing 7 and the motion-of the wall is conveyed to the rod 16 through a bell crank lever pivoted at 31 and consisting of the arms 32 and 33. The arm 32 bears against the extension 34: carried by the movable wall. The other arm 33 is connected at its outer end with the'rod 16 and intermediate its ends is provided with a socket 35 in which the shoe 36 of the spring 15 seats. The normal tension of the spring is adjusted bymeans of the screw 37 and lock screw 38 threaded into the nipple 21. The. end 26 of the bell crank lever bears directly upon the nipple 21. Preferably a washer 23 is interposed between the end of the screw 37 and the spring 15. All parts are inclosed in the housing and a removable plug 39 gives access to the spring adjustment means.

It will be noted that in each of the constructions shown, the openings in the housing are above the level of the liquid contained therein, except the bearing for the driving shaft 1 of the impeller which is provided with a suitable stufling box. This arrangement obviates leakage of the liquid in the casing and simplifies the construction of the apparatus. It is obvious that the leather diaphragm may be used in a construction similar to that of Fig. 2 or a piston arranged in a construction like that of Fig.1..

- 1. In a device of the class described, an impeller havin a wall on one side extending longitudina y beyond the opposite side and forming a cylinder, said wal being formed todirect the discharge from said impeller in a direction parallel to its axis of-rota D tion, anda m'ovable wall engaging said cylinder operated by the fluid pressure therein 2. In a device of the classdescribed, an impeller having an imperforate wall, a second wall spaced from said imperforate wall having a suction inlet therein'and extending longitudinally beyond the periphery of sand imperforate wall to form a cylinder, whereby the fluid is discharged from said impeller in a. direction parallel "to the axis,

7 and a movable wall engaging said cylinder.

\ 3. In a device of the class described, a

housing, a centrifugally acting impeller m I said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller and a movable wall engaging said casing.

4. In a device of the class described, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller, a movable wall engaging said casing and a member adjacent the movable wall adapted to be moved thereby.

5. In a device of the class described, a

7. In a device of the class described, a

housing, acentrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller, an axially 'movable wall engaging said casing and rotating therewith, a member adjacent the movable wall adapted to be moved thereby and means opposing the movement of said movable wall. I

8. In a device of the class described, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller and extending beyond the opposite side, a movable 'wall engaging .saidcasing, a member in said housing movable with said movable wall and means opposing the movement of said member.

9. In combination, a housing, a centrifu-- gally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller, a movable wall engaging saidv casing, a member operable by said movable wall, a spring opposing the movement of the member and means for varying the tension ofsaid spring. I

10. In a device of the class described, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller, a movable wall en- .1.-

gaging said casing, a rod extending into said housing and operable by said wall, means opposing the movement of the member and means for varying the degree of opposition.

11. In combination, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attachedto the suction side of the impeller, a movable wall attached to said casing and forming a closed chamber on the discharge side of the impeller, a body of liquid in said housingmadapted to be forced into said closed cham r by said impeller to move said movable wall, and a rod extending into said housing and adapted to be moved by said movable wall.

12. In combination, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in'said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller, a movable wall attached to said casing and forming a closed chamber on the discharge side of the impeller, a body of liquid in said housing, adapted to be forced into said closed chamber by said impeller to move said movable wall, a mechanism actuating'unember extending into said housing adapted to be moved by said movable wall and means opposing the movement of the member.

13. In combination, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attached to the impeller, a movable wall attached to said casing and forming, with the casing, a closed chamber on the discharge side of the impeller, a body of liquid in said housing adapted to be forced into said closed chamber by said impeller to move said movable wall, a valve actuating member extending into said housing adapted to be moved by said movable wall, means for opposing the movement of the member and means for varying the strength of said opposing means.

14. In a device of'the class described, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a wall attached to the suction side of the impeller and forming a casing in which the impeller is disposed and a wall engaging said casing axially movable with respect thereto.

15.'In a device of the class described, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a wall attached to the suction side of the impeller and forming a casing in which the impeller is disposed, a movable wall engaging said casing and a body of liquid in said casing.

16. In a device of the class described, a housing, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a wall attached to the suction side of the impeller and forming a casing in which the impeller is disposed, a movable wall engaging said casingand a body of liquid in said housing adapted to be forced into the impeller containing casing by rotation of the impeller.

17. In combination, a housing containing a body of liquid, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller, and a movable wall attached to said casing to form a closed chamber on the discharge side of theimpeller, rotation'of the impeller caus-' ing a difierence in pressure in the housing andsaid chamber.

' 18. In combination, a housing containing a body of liquid, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing, a wall attached to the suction side of the impeller and-forming a casing in which the impeller is disposed, a movable wall engaging said casing and forming a closed chamber 011 the discharge side of the impeller, rotation of the impeller producing a difference in pressure in the housing and said chamber, said movablewall and said casing being movable axially with respect to each other, means opposing said r'elative movement and mechanism actuating means extending into said housing adapted to be moved by -said movable wall.

19. In combination, a housing containing a body of liquid, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing having a casing attached to the suction side of the impeller and extending beyond the opposite side, a movable wall engaging said casing, means for rotating said impeller and means for preventing the rotation of the liquid in the housing. r

20. In combination, a housing containing a body of liquid, a centrifugally acting impeller in said housing having a casing attached to its suction side, a movable wall attached to said casing, rotation of the impeller serving to produce a diiference in pressure on opposite sides of said wall, said wall and casing being relatively axially movable due to such difference in pressure, a spring opposing such axial movement and a mechanism actuating rod extending into said housing adapted to be moved by said relative movement.

21. In combination, a housing containing a body of liquid, a centrifugal impeller in said housing having a casing attachedto its suction side and extending beyond the discharge side, a movable wall engaging said casing, rotation of the impeller serving to produce a difference in pressure on opposite sides of said wall, said wall and casing being relatively axially movable due to such difference in pressure, a .spring opposing such axial movement, means for varying the tension of said spring and a mechanism actuating rod extending into said housing adapted to be moved by said relative movement. k

22. In combination, a housing containing a quantity of liquid, a rotatable casing in said housing having a suction inlet and Gentrifugally acting impeller disposed adjacent said inlet, an axially movable wall closing said casing, rotation of said casing-serving to force liquid from said housing into said casing to move'said wall, and a valve operating member in said housing adapted to be moved by said wall; V

23. In combination, a housingcontaining a quantity of liquid, a rotatable casing in said housing havinga suction inlet and centrifugally acting impeller disposed adjacent said inlet, an axially movable wall closing I said casing, a valve operating member in said housing adapted to be moved by said Wall, and means in said housing for preventing the rotation of the liquid therein.

24. In a device of the class described, a housing, a rotatable casing in said housing having a movable Wall, a spring opposing the movement of said Wall and means for varying the tension of said spring during the operation of said device.

25. In a device of the class described, a housing, a rotatable casing in said housing having a movable wall, a spring opposing the movement of said movable Wall, means for adjusting the spring to operate Within certain limits and means for varying said limits durmg the operation of said device.

26. In a device of the class described, a

housing, a rotatable casing in said housing having a movable Wall, means operative Within predetermined limits opposing. the movement of said Wall and means for varying the degree of opposition to said opposmg means.

27. In combination, a housing, a rotatable casing in said housing having a movable \vall, a rod operable by said movable Wall,

a spring opposing the movement of the. rod, means for adjusting the tension of said spring in accordance With the normal thrust of said movable Wall and means for varying the tension of the spring from the normal adjustment.

ing the movement of said movable element,

means for adjusting the spring to operate Withincertain limits, means for varying said limits, and locking means for limiting the action of said limit varying means.

30. Ina device of the class described, a i

housing, a rotatable casing in said housing having'a movable element, a spring opposing the movement of said movable element, a control lever for varying the tension of said spring during the operation of the device, a quadrant adjacent said lever and means adapted to be locked at predetermined positions on said quadrant, to limit the throw of said lever.

In t'estimon whereoflI have hereunto set my hand at an Francisco, California, this 1st day of December 1915.

' GORDON C. PI-IARO.

" In presence of- H. G. PRosT.

Images