US1174494A - Explosion-engine. - Google Patents

Description

Ptehted Ma1'.7,19116.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. R. HARBECK.

`ExPLosmN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25, i911.

Patented Mar. 7,1916.

3 sHEET`s sHEET 2.

1. R. HAHBECK.v

EXPLOSION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED Iza. 25. 1911.

1,174,494. y Patented Mar. 7,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

y j l @www JERVIS R. HARBECK, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

EXPLOSION-ENGINE.

rimase.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. e, taie.

Application led February 25, 1911. Serial No. 610,912.

To all whom t may concern.:

j Be it known that I, JERvIs R. HARBECK,l

a citizen of the UnitedStates of America,

residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne j It is the object ofthe invention to com-- bine .great flexibility with high efficiency and to this end the invention consists in the i construction as hereinafter set forth.

of the two-cycle type and the air for form-V ing the explosive mixture is transferred to the cylinder from the crank case as 1s common with engines of this type. The admission of air to the several compartments ofl the crank case is preferably controlled by a rotary valve'E arranged inthe valve case F extending longitudinally at one side of the crank case.

G are transfer passages preferably arranged upon opposite sides of the cylinder and conducting the air from the crank case, to ports H which are uncovered by the piston at the completion of Aits downward stroke. The exhaust port is arranged at the opposite end or head of the cylinder,

being preferably located inthe lateral extension I, and as shown being controlled by a valve J of the puppet type. K is a cam shaft extending longitudinally of the engine casing having cams L thereon which operate push rods M for actuating the respective valves J and the timing is such that said valves are opened in advance ofthe uncovering of the ports H by the piston. Thus at the completion o'f each downward stroke of the piston the gaseous products of explosion will be exhausted by the opening of the Avalve J and the cylinder will thenl be scavenged by a volume of air compressed in the crank case and transferred through the passages G and ports H, to the lower end j of the cylinder.

The air introduced into the cylinder to scavenge the same is also used for forming the new explosive mixture, but the fuel for carbureting thel air is not introduced until the exhaust valve is closed, thereby avoiding any waste. Furthermore, provision is made for varying the amount of the charge and,

with each variation maintaining the same ratio between the amount of hydrocarbon fuel and air, the constructionfor accomplishing this result being as follows:

N is a rock shaft arranged parallel to the cam shaft K and connected by any suitable mechanism with a control lever.

O are eccentrics mounted on the shaft N which form fulc'rum bearings for rock-arms l? which extend between the cams L and their. corresponding push rods M. The rockarms P are fashioned to coperate with the cams L so that in all positions of adjustment of the shaft N and eccentrics O, the valves J will be' opened at the same time with re'- spect to the travel of their corresponding pistons, but the time of closing of said'valves varies with each adjustment of the rock shaft N. Thus, if'the Shaft N is adjusted to rock the eccentrics O away from the cam shaft K, the cam L will disengage from the portion Q of each arm P earlier in the stroke of the piston and will close the valve J at such time. On the other hand, anadjustment of the shaft N in the opposite direction will delay the disengagement lof the cams L from the portions Q, and will maintain the valves J open foraI longerl period. By means of this mechanism the operatorfis enabled to control the volume of air which remains in the cylinder during the compresl sion stroke of the piston. Where the closing of the valve is delayed a portion of the volume of air originally introduced into the cylinder is expelled through the exhaust port and as the air thus expelled is that which was originally adjacent to the products of combustion previously expelled, it is evident that the `scavenging of any remaining burnt gases will be effected.

The fuel for carbureting the charge preferably liquid hydrocarbon, such as gasolene, is introduced in the cylinder after the closing of the exhaust valve and as previously the number of engine cylinders. The cylinders R are preferably arranged in circular series in a case R', and each cylinder contains a plunger or piston R2 which extends upward out from the cylinder.

S is a rotary shaft arranged concentric with the series of cylinders and pistons being constantly driven from the engine, and operating rotary cams T and W for actuating the plungers The cam- T is directly mounted on a sleeve T which is longitudinally slidable but rotativel fixed to the shaft S, while the cam W is ed directly to Athe upper end of the shaft S.

S is a collar on the shaftS which engages a vertically adjustable bearing S2 operated by a'worm S3 thereon and an engaging nut S4 which may be partially rotated by a lever arm X. The arrangement is such that by a movement of the lever X and the connected parts operated thereby the shaft- S is raised or lowered carrying with it the upper cam W, while the lower cam T remains fixed vertical position.

U is a shoulder providing a limiting stop for the upward movement of the plunger R2 y vand also providing a seat for the spring U?,

which keeps the plunger forced against the lower surface of the cam T until it is forced down bythe rotation of the cam W.v This adjustment is for the purpose of varyingthe stroke of the'plungers R2 which are operated in one direction bythe cam- T and in the opposite direction by the cam W, the actuating portions of said cams being diametrlcally opposite each other. Thus lby raising the shaft S the cam W is adjusted in position so as to shorten the stroke of each plunger because the surface of the cam W in contact with the plunger R2 is lessened, thereby lessening the .quantity'of oil that will be forcedb the pump into the engine cylinder. In ot er words, the operation is eected since the operating surfaces of the cams are diametrically opposite each other and therefore both cams are not in engagement'with the same plunger at the same- 4time,`and consequently the cam T is notin contact with 4the plunger when the cam W is forcing the plunger down.

Itv will be understood that with the aparatusV just described each of the' plungers 2i will when operated, draw in and expel, a

measured quantity of oil 'which is conveyed throu ha conduit V to its cor onding cylin er. The amount of i charge is varied correspondingly for all the ump pistons by an adjustment of the shaftj this being accomplished by a movent of the miracoli iver x which is connected by a 1in-k x' with a rock arm X2 on the shaft N. As the shaft N controls the time 'of closing of the exhaust valves for the engine, it is evident that any adjustment of said shaft changing the time of closing will `produce a corresponding adjustment of the shaft S at a corresponding variation in the quantity of oil conveyed to the cylinder.

With the construction described in operation, a full volumeof air is admitted into the crank case upon each upward stroke of thev piston and during the downward stroke thereof is compressed. As soon as the piston uncovers the port H, this compressed air will be transferred to the cylinder where it will scavenge the products of combustion through the exhaust port previously opened'by the operation of the valve J. The returning stroke of the piston will continue to 'move the air in the same direca type, the combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of means for exhausting the products of combustion and introducing a scavenging volume of air at opposite ends of said cylinder, means for varying the time of closing the exhaust passage to permit the expulsion of a portion of the scavenging air, and l'the compression of the remaining portion, and co-acting means for introducing a fuel charge after the closing of said exhaust valve and during the compression of the air in the cylinder.

type, the combination with a cylinder and piston therein, of a crank case in which air is compressed and'transferred to the cylinder at the completion of the power stroke of the plston, a valve controlling .an exhaust port at-the ,opposite end of said cylinder froml said transfer passage, means for .opening sald valve in advance of the transfer of said compressed air and for varying the time of closlng 'of said valve whereby a variablevolumeJ is compressed in the cylinder, and co-actmg means for introducing a fuel charge after the 4closing of said exhaust v'alve and. during the compression of the air in the-cylinder. 1

3.111 an explosion eine of the two-cycle type the combination wlth a cylinder and a 2. In an4 explosion e of the two-cycle piston therein, of a crank case in which' air is eoinpressed and transferred to the cylinder atthe completion ofthe power stroke of the piston, a'valve contro wf,- an exhaust port at the oppo end of d cylinder 1,174,494. 5&1-

. from said transfer passage, means' for opening said valve in advance of the transferof said compressed air, and for varyingv the time of closing of said valve whereby a variable volume is compressed by .the cylinder,

' means for introducing a fuel charge arter the closing of the exhaust valve and durmg the compression -of the air in the cylinder,

and a connection betweenthe fuel introduc- 10 in means and the valve opening means for .we ecting upon an adjustment of the one a orrespondng adjustment of the other,

, 4. In an explosion engine of the two-cycle type the combination with a cylinder and 15 piston therein, of a `crank case in whichair is compressed and transferred tothe eylirvl der at'the completion of the power stroke of the piston, avalve controlling the exhaust port at the opposite end of said`l cylinder l 2.0 -from said transfer passage, a camshaftg-a cam' on said shaft, a second cam shaft,oan

arm on said latter cam shaft eoiperating.

with said cam to open the valveat a fixed point in theicycle, a pump forintroducng liquid .fuel into the cylinder, means timed to actuate said pum to introduce the fuel after the valve has een closed, and means for adjusting the second cam shaft to variably close' the valve, means controlling the Ioperation .ofthe pump to vary the quantity of fuel introduced into the cylinder, and a connection between the last mentioned means whereby an adjustment of t e one'produes a. corresponding adjustment of the other.`

in presence of two i I i Witnesses;

JArms P'. BARRY,

WiLLmM PAem..

. and the means for adjustin the cam shaft '35 In testimony whereof I my signature 'l

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