US1165255A - Telephone-transmitter. - Google Patents

Description

C. D. HERROLD & E. A. B. PORTAL.

TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. :2. 1914.

1,165,255, Patented Dec. 21, 1915,

r Emile (d ,forial. w z fli/ia CHARLES D. HERROLD AND EMILE A. B. PORTAL, OF SAN'J'OSE, CALIFORNIA.

TELEIHONE-TRANSMITTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dcc.21, 1915.

Application filed January 12;. 1914. Serial No. 811,569.

and EMILE A. B. PORTAL, citizens of the United States, residing at San Jose, in the county of Santa Clara and State of Cali} fornla, have invented new and useful Improvements in Telephone-Transmitters, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a wireless telephone transmitter. 1

It is the object of this invention toconstruct a telephone transmitter having a single diaphragm to which is attached, in a concentric circle .position between the center .of the diphragm and the periphery, a Inlll' tiple set of electrode chambers.

Another object of the invention is to prevent overheating of the transmitter by providing a water circulating system, which is so constructed that'each pair of electrodes is individually cooled by circulating water.

Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a central section of the transmitter. Fig. 2 is a detail side elevation, showing the adjustment of the resistance cells to the ,diphragm and the conductor connecting the upper electrodes. Fig. 3 is a plan section on line X-X, Fig 1. Fig. l is a front view of the transmitter, showing the front cover and mouthpiece removed. I

Referring tothe drawings, A indicates the main casing of the transmitter, which is circular in cross. section, as shown in Fig. 3, and provided with threads on its outer edge for the purpose of receiving and retaining a front cover 2 and mouthpiece of any suitable construction.

'Interposed between the outer edge'of the culating or cooling chambers, generally indicated at 6,,have been provided, through which cooling chamber water is conveyed by a hollow metal tube 7 communicating with the first of the water circulating chambers indicated at 8.. From here the water passes out through a rubber tube .9 and enters a second similar chamber 10, from where it discharges through a metal tube 11 into a third' chamber 12. The water then passes out through a second rubber tube 13 and enters a fourth chamber 14, from where it discharges through a metal tube 15 into a fifth chamber 16. From here the water is conveyed through a third rubber tube 17 to the sixth chamber 18, from where it is finally discharged through a central metal tube 19. The upper ends of the circulating or coollng chambers are provided. with sockets '20 into which the lower terminals 5 of the cells 4 1.7101601; and in which they are adjustably secured by set-screws 21. Themetal' tubes 7, 9,11 and 15 are provided for the purpose of electricallyconnecting the cooling chambers to which the resistance cells are secured, while the metal strips 23, 24 and 25, indicated in Figs. 2 and 4, are provided for the purpose of connecting the upper terminals '26 of the cells.

andjthe third resistancecell 4, upper terminal 26'? and the second connecting strip 24 which connects it with the fourth re-' sistance cell 4. The current then passes down through the resistance cell 4, lower terminal 5 of same, circulating chamber 16, tube 15. circulating chamber 14, lower terminal 5 and then through the fifth resistance cell, indicated at 4, from where it passesthrough the upper terminal 26 and connecting strip 25 which connects it with the sixth resistance cell, indicated all 4 From here the current is finally passed through the lower terminal 5 of said cell,

circulating chamber 18 and the circuit electrical connections for a series circuit passing through the resistance cells. These,

in connection with the upper connected strips 23,2i audit), will thus completethe circuit. Any heat, due to the passing of heavy currents through the carbon of the resistance cells, will be quickly radiated through the lower terminals 5 of the variouscells and quickly dissipated by the circulating medium.

\Vhile we have here shown the resistance cells connected on a series circuit, we also wish it understood that,'when handling directly the heavy currents of the primary oscillating circuit, itis also possible to parallelly connect the electrical connections of the individual cells, thus making it possibleto make a direct insertion on the circuit.

By providing the metal connecting tubes for the purpose of conveying circulating water, as well as current, from one chamber to another, it becomes possible to thereby decrease impedance, capacity and leakage losses. The looping of the connections formed by the rubber tubes that are used to convey water only from one chamber to another acts as a choke thus minimizing conduction losses through thewater line.

.For the purpose of thoroughly insulating the various cooling chambers and resistance cellsv a suitable insulating plate, indi-' cated at 29, has been provided to which the circu1ating, chambers are secured in any suitable manner or by the screws, indicated at 3Q. The" upper terminals of the electrodes are mounted in insulating bushings 31 and secured by nuts or equivalent means, as 32, The diaphragm itself being further insulated by being mounted in gaskets 3 3, interposed between the outer edge of the main casing and the cover 2, will thus minimize any radiation or leakage of current.

By'placing the resistance cells in a concentric circle, at a point midway-between the center and the periphery of the dia phragm, the greatest sensibility is secured consistent with mechanical possibilities, it

through some secondary being impossible to connect the cells to the diaphragm at its center point except diaphragm or vig brating member with resultant losses due to inertia. Further sensibility may be secured by adjusting theposition of the resistance cells through the medium of the adjusting screws 21. By raising or lowering the cells within the socket chambers it becomes possible tovincrease or decrease the pressure or tension between the main diaphragm 3 and 7 Patent isthe secondary diaphragms in the cell. This adjustment has proven of great value as the point of most sensitive vibration-transmission may thus be secured.

In operation, after securing the point of most sensitive vibration transmission between the main' diaphragm and the secondary diaphragms of the resistance cells, it can easily be-seen that sound waves impinging upon the diaphragm' will be easily picked up by the secondary diaphragms of the resistance cells as these are equidistantly placed around the center of the. diaphragm at the point of maximum vibration. Furthermore, since the cells are disposed at equal distances from each other and from the center of the diaphragm there is equality of vibration. and no tendency to difference of acoustic phase with consequent confusion. It has also been found that there is less tending to nodal vibration. Clearness of enunciation and the least amount of distortion is ,thus secured. The electrical current'flow passing between the upper electrodesfof the cells and the lower terminals carried by the circulating chambers are so insulated that the circuit is almost entirely confined to the electrodes and the granular carbon. Thus leakage losses are greatly minimized and no part of the casing or diaphragm is subjected to current action.

By providing atransmitter constructed as here shown, it becomes possible to increase its capacity for handling energy by either paralleling the connections of the resistance cells or by increasing the number of same inseries. Furthermore, itcan be seen that the position of the circulating chambers, generally indicated at 6, issuch that overheating'of the cells or the transmitter, as a whole is entirely eliminated, thus further permitting heavy currents to pass through the cells of the transmitter.

The materials and finish of the several parts of the apparatus are such as experience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim and desire to secure by Letters 1. A telephone transmitter comprising in combination a casing, a diaphragm, a series of resistance cells individually attached to the diaphragm and each having fixed front and rear electrodes, a series ot'ind'ependent water circulatingchambers mqunted'in the casing, and means for adjustably and independently securing the rear fixed electrodes of the cells 'to the circulating chambers.

2. A telephone transmitter including, in combination, a casingya diaphragm, a series of resistance cells attached .to'the latter, a series of fluid circulating chambers. metal tubes connecting certain of theclmmbers in pairs, means connecting the cells to the chambers, and current conductors connecting the resistance cells in pairs whereby the first-mentioned pairs of chambers are connected electrically.

3. A telephone transmitter comprising in combination, a casing, a diaphragm, a series of resistance cells individuallyattached to the diaphragm, a series of pairs of water circulating chambers mounted on the casing and insulated from same, rubber tubes connecting the chambers in pairs, metal tubes, each of which connects a chamber of one pair to a chamber of another pair, means for adjustably securing the lower terminals of the cells to the circulating chambers, and current conductors connecting the upper terminals of alternate pairs of resistance cells.

4. In combination with a telephone transmitter casing and diaphragm, a series of resistance cells each of which is rigidly connected at one end to the diaphragm and has a terminal projecting outwardly from its opposite end, and an individual cooling chamber one for each cell secured to the casing and having sockets to receive said terminals. Y

5. In combination with a telephone transmitter casing and diaphragm. a series of resistance cells each of which is rigidly connected at one end to the diaphragm and has av terminal projecting outwardly from its opposite end, an individual cooling chamher for each cell secured to the casing and having a socket to receive the cell terminal,

and means to adjustably and rigidly secure the terminal of each cell in its individual socket.

6. A telephone transmitter including, in combination, acasing, a diaphragm, a series of resistance cells attached to the latter, a series of fluid circulating chambers, metal tubes connecting certain of the chambers in pairs, looped flexible tubes establishing communication between chambers not connected with each other by metal tubes, means mounting the cells on the chambers, and current conductors connecting the resistance cells in pairs, the chambers supporting the ,cells of each pair being unconnected by a metal tube.

7. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, a series of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, an individual cooling means-tor each cell, and means to adjustably secure each cell to its cooling means without affecting the cell structure.

8. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, a series of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, an individual cooling means for each cell, and means to interconnect all of the cooling means and to cause cooling fluid to circulate from one to another of said cooling means.

9. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, a series of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, an individual cooling means for each cell, means to adjustably secure each cell to its cooling means, and means to connect all of the cooling means whereby the cooling fluid may circulate from one to the other.

v 10. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, a series of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, and an individual combined cooling means and holder provided with a socket for each cell to rigidly support the latter.

11. In combination with the casing and diaphragm of a telephone transmitter. a series of resistance cellssecured to the diaphragm, an individual cooling means arranged within the casing for each cell, and tubes arranged within the casing to interconnect all. of the cooling means and to cause cooling fluid to circulatetrom one to another of said cooling means.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. l). HERROLD. EMILE A. B. I( )RTAL.

\Vitnesses G150. B. Kmmooo, CHAS. J. -Moomc.

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