US1145824A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

S. M. UDALE.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15. I913- Patented July 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WI TIVESSES 9& $144M S. M. UDALE.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, 1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS*SHEET 2.

WITNESSES.-

cannonnrnn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 11915.

Application filed December 15, 1913. Serial No..806,695.

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, STANLEY M: UiiALn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new and 1111* proved Carburetor, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for pro-' ducing explosive mixtures from liquid hydrocarbons, and its object is to provide a carbureter in which the main current of air shall have an unobstructed flow; one in which the liquid fuel shall move out radially into the path of the main current of air and be presented to the air in the form of a film or of fine particles at the edges of a series of annular plates; and one in which the flow of air is under positive control.

This invention consists of a carbureter having a vertically movable airvalve of upper end to permit air to pass downwardly through it to meet the fuel and to carry the fuel out laterally between annular plates,. at body whose interior has substantially the shape of the valve, from which the latter is spaced so that fuel mixture may pass between them, and a fuel nozzle extending up into the valve and acting as a guide for the lower end of the valve.

It further consists in the details of construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings and particularly set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a. vertical section of this improved car bureter on the. line 1-1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line a 3 of Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters refer to like partsthroughout the several views.

The body portion of the carburetor is formed of three parts, a cap or hood, a central portion and a float chamber. The float chamber 1 is annular and the upper edge of the outer ring forms a joint with the radial flange 2 of the central portion 3 of the body, a packing ring 4 being employed if desired. A flange 5 on the part 3 may be sermv-threaded to fit onto the threaded inner ring (3. A boss-7 on the part 3 is formed with a threaded opening 8 to receive the fuel feed-pipe and may be provided with a tubular valve-seat 9 adapted to receive the ball-valve 10 of metal or rubber. A pair of reasons that will be explained later on.

lugs llextend down from this boss and carry the pivot pin 12 of the float 13. This float, is preferably of cork and onto the top of it may be secured the horseshoe-shaped plate 15 of thin metal having an ear 16 which is bent to pass around the pivot 12. The ball 10 rests on this plate 15 near the pivot 12 and is pressed up against its seat by the float whenever the fuel Within the receptacle has reached aproper level.

Aconnection 17, preferably U-shaped, has its ends connectinginto the float chamber 1, and has a central vertical bore to receive the tube 18 that may have the openings 18 therein, and Whose lower end 19 may be threaded to receive the stop cook 20, which may act as a lock-nut to hold the nozzle 18 in position, andmay also be used to drain the float chamber when desired. This nozzle 18 may have a contracted portion 22 through which the needle-valve 23 ex ends and whereby the flow of fuel through this nozzle may be accurately determined. The upper end of the nozzle 18 may be counterbored to receive a bushing 25. whose outer sides are grooved as shown in Fig. 3, which grooves extend laterally outward beneath the lip 26 at its upper end. Theupper edge of this lip is inclined as shown in Fig. 1 for The normal fuel level will be below the upper end of the nozzle 18, but will be sufiiciently high so that it can be forced to run out between the lip 26 and theiupper end of the nozzle 18 when the engine begins to operate, and the pressure Within the carbureter is reduced below that of the atmosphere.

The cover or hood 28 has a flange 29 of any desired description so that it can be connected to the flange at the intake end of the manifold of the engine. .It is also formed with a boss 30 having a threaded opening 31 into which, if desired, a pipe may be secured to conduct air tothis carbureter from any desired source where it may be heated, which pipe may be provided with the usual throttle. Within the hood 28 is mounted a pair of sleeves 33 whose exterior diameter is a trifle larger than the gear 34 on the shaft 35. A crank handle 36 may be employed to turn the shaft and gear. A central ring 37 acts as a guide for the cylindrical upper end 38 of the main valve of the carbureter.

In the drawings the main valve of the carburetor is shown to have a. tapering body j A series of holes or passages 54, more clearly 40, and a cap 41 therefor having a cylindrical upper end 38 formed with circumferential grooves of such a character that theywill act as a rack when meshing with the teeth of the gear 34 on the shaft 35. A sleeve 42 in the bore of this cylindrical extension 38 is supported by'the arms 43 and is threaded to receive the threaded portion 44 of the stem 45 of the needle-valve 23. The upper end of this stem 45 may be formed rectangular and may slidably fit a sleeve 47 of the hood 28 of the body. By turning the valve, the relative position of the needlevalve 23 and its seat may be easily adjusted. A-spring 48 normally holds down this valve 40. A screw 49 that extends between lugs 50 on the top 41 of the valve normally prevents the valve from turning, but does not prevent vertical movement of the valve.

The lower portion 51 of the air-valve also tapers downwardly and is slidably mounted on the nozzle 18., It has an upwardly extending cylindrical portion 52 threaded to receive the nut 53 that locks this lower portion 50 to the body portion 40 of the valve.

shown in Fig. 3, are formed in the part 52 and through them the mixture passes out laterally between the rings 55, which are secured between the parts 40 and 51 of this valve, beingheld in position by the pins 56, and properly separatedby the small Washers 57. The nut 53 will not only cause the washers and rings to be firmly gripped between the two lower portions of the air-valve, but will also prevent the pins from coming out. A bushing 59 is adjustably mounted in the cylindrical portion 52 of the lower part 51 of this air-valve, preferably by means of the threaded connection shown.

Operation: In starting the engine the valve 40 is pressed downwardly upon its seat", thereby entirely or nearly entirely preventing the entrance of air from the lower end of the carbureter. Air entering through the opening 31 passes downwardly through the interior of the valve 40 and into the bushing 59, the latter having been previously adjusted so as to insure-a minimum spacing of its lower edge from the inclined lip 26 "of the bushing 25. The air passes laterally from the lower end of the bushing in a com paratively thin film that comes into intimate contact with the fuel flowing out between the lip 26 and the upper end of the nozzle, and draws the fuel upwardly through the passages between the bushing 25 and the nozzle. At the same time the velocity of the air in the bushing 59 causesthe suction in the interior of the bushing 25 to be less than the suction at the lip 26. The net result of the suction along the edge of the lip 26 and the suction upon the fuel in the bushing 25 is an adjustment of fuel supply to the demand therefor, that is very desirable, and

outwardly from the rings masses that results in substantial economies in the use of fuel. The fuel flowing outwardly from the nozzle will be sprayed between the rings 55 by the force of the jet. the precise action being doubtful. The mixture, after leaving the lip 26, passes outwardly through between the rings '55, where. the air and fuel of the mixture are brought into more intimate contact, then upwardly around the valve and out through the passage 60. After the engine is started, or at other times when a larger amount of mixture is needed, the valve 40 may be raised somewhat to admit air from the base which passes upwardly and is mixed with the fuel mixture passing The raising of the valve also increases the width of the opening between the lower end of the bushing 59 and the lip 26, and thereby reduces the velocity of the air, which correspondingly reduces the suction at the edge of the lip 26 and increases the suction inside the bushing 25. At the same time, the needlevalve 23 is raised and a freer flow of fuel results,the rate of flow of fuel being determined by the absolute pressure inside'the bushing 25 and the net area of the orifice 22.

It is obvious that the details of this carbureter may be modified to meet varying conditions without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim: v

1. In a carbureter, the combination of a hollow air valve, a body in which the valve is slidable, said body comprising a float chamber at its lower end, and said float chamber comprising an inwardlyextending portion, a fuel nozzle mounted in this portion and extending therefrom centrally of the air valve, said valve having a series of radial fuel passages at about the level of the upper end of the nozzle, and means for moving the valve up and down on the nozzle.

2. In a carbureterfthe combination of a hollow air valve, a body in which the valve is slidable, said body comprising an annular float chamber at its lower end, and said float chamber comprising a downwardly and inwardly extending portion, a fuel nozzle mounted in this portion and extending vertically therefrom centrally of the air valve, said valve comprising an upper portion and a lower portion spaced from each other at their outer'edges, a series of rings in the space between the edges. means for separating the rings slightly from each other to form radial passages, means for clamping the portions of the valve, the rings and the separating means together, and a fuel passage leading from the fuel nozzle to the passages between, the rings.

3. In a carbureter, a fuel nozzle, having a contracted portion adapted to constitute a valve seat, a needle valve in axial alinemcut therewith and adjustable to and from the filo , maaeaa end of the chamber with the radial passage,

a cylindrical valve member arranged in alinement with the nozzle, and means for moving the member toward or from the-upper face of the bushing to regulate the flow of fluid over the face of the bushing, or to contact therewith and direct the flow of fluid wholly through the passage between the chamber and the bushing.

4. In a carb'ureter, the combination of a hollow air valve, a body in which the valve is movable, said body comprising a float chamber, a fuel nozzle connected to the float chamber, a valve seat in the nozzle, a needle valve in axial alinement with the valve seat, the nozzle also comprising a chamber in its upper end, a bushing seated in the chamber,

said bushing comprising a radial lip that restsupon the upper portion of the chamber, the lip being provided with radial grooves in the lower surface thereof, and portions of the bushing being spaced from' the inner wall of the chamber to provide passages that connect the inner ends of the radial passages with'the lower end ofthe chamber, means carried by the valve and movable therewith towardor from the upper face of the lip to regulate the flow of fluids over the face of the bushing, said means being also adapted to contact with the face of the bushin and thereby deflect air downwardly throug the bottom of the chamber and through the radial passages in the lip to form a rich mixture.

5. In a carbureter, a hollow air valve, a body in which the air valve is vertically slid able, .the valve having a vertical opening in its lower portion, a fuel nozzle extendinginto the opening and on which the valve is slidably mounted, a bushing threaded into the air valve, and means for, adjusting the valve toward or from the upper end of the V nozzle to regulate the flow of fluid.

6. In a carbureter, a hollow tapering body, a tapering cover for the body, a boss formed on the cover and provided with an air inlet therein, a central hollow ring to which the air inlet leads, a hollow tapering valve, the outer surface of which substan-] tially conforms to the inner surface of the body and is normally spaced a slightdistance therefrom to form an air passage, said valve having a hollow upstanding neck slidablv mounted in the ring, a passage in the lower portion of the valve leading from the interior of the valve to the exterior thereof,

an exit passage in the interior of the cover, said exit passage being separated from the air inlet passage by a wall and terminating inan opening in the apex of the cover.

7. In a carbureter, a hollow body, a cover therefor, an air inlet in the cover terminating in a downwardly depending ring, a hollow valve having a cylindrical neck slidably. mounted in the ring, a boss formed in the cover in axial alinement with the ring and neck, a threaded sleeve supported by the 'neck in axial alinement with the ring, the

neck, and the boss, and a valve stem having a threaded portion engaging the threads in the sleeve and an upper portion received in the boss and held from rotation thereby.

8. In a carbureter, a hollow body, a cover therefore, an air inlet in the cover terminating in a downwardly depending ring, a hollow valve having a cylindrical neck slidably mounted in the ring, a boss formed in the cover in axial alinement with the ring and neck, a threaded sleeve supported by the neck in axial alinement with the ring, the neck, and the boss, and a valve stem having a threaded portion engaging the threads in the sleeve, spaced lugs formed on the valve, and adjustable means on the body normally projecting between the lugs to prevent angular movement of the valve in respectto the body.

9. .In a carbureter, the combination of a hollow substantially oval air valve, a body in which the valve is slidable and comprising an annular float chamber at its lower end having a fuel conduit connecting to its lower side, a fuel nozzle extending vertically from said conduit centrally into said valve,

- body comprising a float chamber, said float chamber comprising an inwardly extending portion, a fuel nozzle mounted in this portionand extending therefrom centrally of the air valve, said nozzle having a cylindrical bushing located in its outlet, an annular passage between said bushing and nozzle and means for sliding the air valve so that its lower end will approach this annular passa e.

I1. In a carbureter, a hollow air valve, a body in which the air valve is movable, a fuel nozzle mounted in an inwardly extending portion of the body and extending therefrom centrally of the air valve, said nozzle having a cylindrical bushing located in its outlet, an annular passage between said bushing and nozzle, and means for moving the air valve so that its lower end will approachthis annular passage.

12.. A carburetor having a mixing chamlaw &

ber, a mixture outlet, two air passages leading thereto, and a fuel inlet admitting fuel into one of the air passages, a movable throttle in each air passage adapted to control the air flowing through each air passage before the two streams of air merge into one, said valves being adjustable relative to each other, and mechanical means for simultaneously moving the two air throttles so as to permit more orless air and fuel to flow through one passage, and more or less pure air through the other.

13. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, a mixture outlet, two air passages leading thereto, and a fuel inlet admitting fuel into one of the air passages, a movable throttle in each air passage adapted to control the air flowing through its respective air passage before the two streams merge into one, mechanical means for positively and simultaneously moving the two air throttles so as to permit the flow of more or less air and fuel through one passage, said valves being adjustable relative to each other, and more or less pure air through the other, and means whereby the throttle controlling the mixture of air and fuel is, initially open while the throttle controlling the flow of pure air is still closed.

14. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, a mixture outlet, and two air passages leading thereto, one of them having a fuel orifice leading into it, a vmovable throttle in each air passage adapted to control the air flowing through each air passage before the two streams of air merge into one, said throttles being adjustable relative to each other, mechanical means for simultaneously moving the two air throttles and controlling the resistance to the flow of fuel through the fuel orifice so as to admit more or less air and fuel through the one passage and more or less air through the other passage.

15. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, a mixture outlet and two air passages leading thereto, one of the air passages having a fuel orifice leading into it, a movable throttle in each air passage adapted to contiiol the air flowing hrough its respective air passage before the two streams of air merge into one, said throttles being adjustable relative to each other, mechanical means for simultaneously moving the two air throttles and controlling the resistance to flow of fuel through the fuel orifice so as to permit the flow of more or less air and fuel through the one passage and more or less air through the other passage, and means whereby the throttle controlling the flow of fuel and air is held initially open when the throttle controlling the flow of pure air is still closed.

16. A carbureter having a mixture outlet and two air passages leading thereto, two adjustably but normally rigidly connected throttle valves, each of which is movable to control one of the air passages leading to said mixture outlet, one air passage being adapted to conduct a mixture of air and fuel, the other air passage to' conduct pure air.

17. A carbureter having a mixing chamber, two air passages communicating with the mixing chamber, and a mixture outlet, a throttle valve controlling restricted areas in each of the two air passages, said throttle valves being adjustable relative to each other, one of said air passages being adapted to conduct a mixture of air and fuel, the other to conduct pure air to the mixing chamber.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification 1n the presence of two subscrlbmg witnesses.

STANLEY M. UDALE.

I Witnesses:

ED\VARD N. PAGELSEN, Huoo W. Knnnvmuxo.

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