US1123791A - Hook and eye. - Google Patents

Description

0 B. PATTERSON.

HOOK AND EYE.

APPLICATION rum) MAR. 12, 1907.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

wvowto z PWJO/Z r- M abbomww CLARA B. PATTERSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HOOK AND EYE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

Application filed March 12, 1907. Serial No. 361,950.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CLARA B. PATTER- SON, of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and'usefiil Improvements in Hooks and Eyes, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to" the accompanying drawings. "My invention relates to garment 'fasteners of the type known as hook and eye; formed by bending wire.

One ob'ject of myinvention is to produce a hook and eye which cannot become disengaged' by relative'mbvement so long as the line joining those portions of the loop of the eye which engage the bill is substan tially at right'angles to the longitudinal axis ofthihook. Or, in other 'words, the hook andeye cannot be disengaged when moved relatively to one 'another in the line along" which normal motion of the fastened parts odours.

. Hooks and eyes made according to my invention are" distinguished fromrrhooks and eyes as heretofore constructed'with a means for positively locking the eye against disengagement "from" the hook. These have. had a tongueorprojection' which must be made toyield or else some portion of the hook or eyemust be made of resilient material to allow oneme nber to spring past the other in order to disengage'them. My hook and eye are'not made of resilient material and cannot be "separated by springing onepart to allow another to pass, by using such ade gree of forc as is reasonable with aldevic'e'of thi'skind; but upon tilting them relative to one another in the proper manner; they'may be readily separated without springing or distorting either of the memb'e'rs,or 'moving aside" anytongue or projection.

A further object is to provide improved forms of" anchorage loops. 'Heretofore it has commonly been the practice to sew hooks and eyes'to a garment at three or more places to prevent them from tilting. Asa result of my improved forms of an chorage loops it is necessary to secure the hook orthe eye'atonly two places, thus saving much time andannoyance in addition' to the production of a much neater appearing garment. 1

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated two differing forms" of hooks and eyes, embodying my'invention, and constituting illustrative types in"connect ion with which I will describe the same.

Figure I, is a plan view showing one form of hook and eye embodying my invention in engaged position. Fig. 11, is" a section takenon the line II, II, in Fig. I. Fig. III, is a perspective view showing the relative position taken by the hook and eye when they may be disengaged. Figf IV, isa view similar to FigPI', illustrating a modified form of hook and eye. Fig. V is a sectional "View on the line V V of Fig.1V. 7 Referring to Fig. I, it will be seen that the "form of hook; therein shown "is desighated by the numeral 1, and the eye bythc numeral 10. The hook 1, is constructedof a single strand of wire bent centrally in the shape of a loop to form a bill 'or tongue 2. The'outer end of this'loop 'is'bent upward slightly as 'shoWn' in Fig. H1 The portions of 'thefwire forming this loop are bent together at the inner end of the loop, then upwardly, downwardly, and 'outwardly, to form an abutment forthe loop 11', of the eye 10. The ends of the Wire are then diverged and bent toform the'anchorage loops 4, 4. These loops are provided with straight sides 5, 5, over which the securing means are passed, whereby the hook is fastened'to a garment or other support. It will be noted'that.'by' providing these anchorage loops with the straight diverging sides "5, and securing the hook at these points, it is prevented from tilting, and-the necessity of fastening it at 'niore'than" two points is thereby obviatedfi As will be seen by'reference' to Fig. II; the 1 vertical-distance "between the 'lower' surface of the middle of the loop 2, and the plane of the upper surface of the loops 4, 41, is less than the diameter of the wire of which the eye 10, is formed. The eye 10, is formed of a single strand of wire, bent into the shape of a loop 11, and having the ends thereof crossed as shown in Fig. I, and the ends of the wire are then bent to form the anchorage loops 12. The sides 13, of these anchorage loops 12, are formed straight and the securing means by which the eye is fastened to a garment or other support, are passed over these straight portions. As a result of thus shaping these anchorage loops it is found that two places of attachment are sufiicient to securely hold the eye in position and keep it from tilting. The middle of the loop 11, is bent upwardly as shown in Fig. II. v The hook 1, and eye 10, cannot be disengaged when moved relatively to one another, in the line along which normal motion of the fastened parts occurs, or in other words, so as to bring the full eflective width of the loop 11, into play. If, however, they are tilted sidewise, as shown in Fig. III, and then moved relatively to one another they may be disengaged. The explanation of this is as follows: When the hook and eye are in the position shown in Fig. I, that is, when the effective width of the loop 11, is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the hook I, and it is attempted to disengage them by longitudinal movement, the underside of the loop 11, at the points 14, and 15, strikes against the adjacent outer surface of the loops 4, 4, at the points 7, 8; while the upper side of the loop 11, at the points 14, 15 strikes against the under side of the bill 2, thus preventin the disengagement of the hook and eye. I however, the eye is tilted sidewise as shown in Fig. III, the result will be, in effect, to foreshorten the effective width of the loop 11, and the points 14, 15, can pass by the inner sides 6, 6, of the loops 4, 4, and the end 16, of the loop 11, is lowered as it passes along the bill 2. Furthermore, it will also be noted that if the longitudinal axes of the hook and eye are maintained in the same plane, the hook and eye cannot be disengaged by their relative movement.

Referring to Fig. IV, it will be noted that the hook 20, is formed with a bill or tongue 21, similar to the hill 2, shown in Fig. I. After forming the bill 21, and bending the wire at the inner end thereof in the manner described in connection with the bill 2, the ends are formed into the straight diverging sides 23, then bent back upon themselves, forming the straight sides 24, parallel to the sides 23, and then curved to form the rounded ends 25, of the anchorage loops 22. The purpose of the straight sides 23, is similar to that of the straight sides 5, of the anchorage loops 4, explained above. The eye 30, is also formed of a single strand of wire bent into the shape of a loop 31, and having its ends crossed as shown in Fig. IV. The ends of the wire are then bent to form the anchorage loops 33, 34; these anchorage loops being provided with diagonally disposed straight sides 35, and 36, over which the securing means are adapted to be passed. By thus locating the securing means, the eye is effectually prevented fromtilting, and two points of attachment are found to be amply sufficient.

From the above description, it will be apparent that the ends of the loops 6, 6, and 24, 24, terminate at points adjacent the tongue or bill, but are spaced therefrom, sufficiently to form receiving pockets for the loop of the eye. These pockets permit of the free movement of the eye relative to the hooks, while the inner side members of the anchorage loops serve to retain the eye on the hook.

The loop 31, is bent up in the middle similarly to loop 11, as may be clearly seen in Fig. II. The hook 20, and eye 30, cannot be disengaged when moved relatively to one another so as to bring the full effective width of the loop31, into play. If, however, they are tilted sidewise, as shown in Fig. III, and then moved relatively to one another, they may be disengaged. The explanation of this is as follows: When the hook and 7 eye are in the position shown in Fig. IV,

that is, when the effective width of the loop 31, is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the hook 20, the under side of the loop 31, at the points 37, 38, strikes against the inner curved ends 25, 25, of the anchorage loops 22, 22, while the upper side of the loop, at the point 39, strikes against the under side of the bill 21, thus preventing disengagement of the hook and eye. If, now, the eye is tilted sidewise, as shown in Fig. III, the result will be, in effect, to foreshorten the effective width of the loop 31, and the points 37, 38, can pass by the curved ends 25, 25, and the end 39, of this loop is moved downward as the sides thereof slide along the bill 21. It will be noted that the bill receiving loops 11, and 31, of the eyes 10, and 30, respectively, are alike and consequently either form of hook 1, or 20, may be used with either form of eye.

Heretofore great trouble has been experienced by the tilting of hooks and eyes unless secured at several places. As a result of my invention it will be seen that the necessity of securing a hook or eye to a garment or other support, at more than two places, has been overcome and the attendant inconvenience and expense thereby lessened.

I claim The combination of a hook member formed of rigid wire bent to form a central tongue, and anchorage loops, the ends of said anchorage loops terminating at points adjacent the base of the tongue, but spaced therefrom, so as to form receiving pockets for the loop of an eye, and an eye member formed of rigid wire bent to form a loop, the outside diameter of which is greater than the distance between the anchorage loops, said central tongue being bent inwardly on a line with the ends of the anchorage loops, In testimony whereof, I have hereunto whereby said eye can be released from the signed my name, at Philadelphia, Pennsylpockets only by tilting the same, so as to Vania, this 11th day of March 1907.

release first one side and then the other of CLARA B. PATTERSON. said eye when the eye is placed in a plane Vitnesses:

substantially at right angles to the center JAMES H. BELL,

line of the tongue. E. L. FULLERTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C."

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