US1122771A - Mold for building monolithic houses. - Google Patents

Description

' P. D. LAMBIE. MOLD FOR BUILDING MONOLITHIG HOUSES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1913.

Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

n. LAMB/1E. MOLD PQE BUILDING MONOLITHIG HOUSES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1913.

Patented. Deo. 29, 1914.

P. n. LAMBIE. MOLD POR BULDING MONOLITHIG HOUSES.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 16, l913.j

Patented De0.29,1914.

v BHEETESHEET3.

Lmam

P. D. LAMBIE. MOLD PoR BUILDING MONOLITHIG HOUSES.

*A APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1913. 1,122,771. I Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

. l FRANK D. LAMBIE, OF 'UPPER MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO LMBIE BROTHERS CORPORATION, ATCOYBPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

MOLD FOB. BUILDING MONOLITHIC HOUSES.v

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANK D. LAMBIE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Upper Montclair, in the county of Essex and IState of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molds for Building Monolithic Houses, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact de scription.

This invention relates to molds for the .construction of concrete structures such as houses, buildings andthe like, and has for its primary object the provision of a knockn down mold composed of metal panels or mold plates which ina-y be assembled in an entirely simple and expeditious mannerto receive the concrete for casting oneV complete story of a building, including a floor, at a single pour.

Another object of the invention is to provide mold-plates which may be used interchangeably in the mold as wall or ceilingV Still other objects oil the .invention is-the provision of means-whereby the exterior and interior mold frames may be supported entirely indelwndentlyl of each other, the interior frame rigidly supporting itself by virtue of the character of the mold plates used and the manner in which the platesare secured together, the exterior frame being supported by a minimum number of tie-rods connecting the opposite sides of the frame, which tie rods are embedded in theoor of the house when the same is cast, whereby'the use of numerous tie-pieces or rods, which are ordinarily used to connect the interior and exterior, frames is avoided; the provision of horizontal beltingcourse plates which extend across and connect ay plurality of the wall plates, the tie rods which support the exterior frame passing, through these belt-v ing course plates; and the provision of n Specication of Letters Patent. Patented 1)@529 1914-` Application iled July 16,1913. Serial No. 779,267.

means whereby the Wall plates of the exterior frame which form the first story of the house, may be removed after the concrete walls for the first story have set and 4these plates used in the construction ofthe upper stories of thehouse.

To clearly bring out the novel features of the construction I have shown and described a mold for constructing one complete story of a two-room house, the door and window construction being claimed in my divisional application, Serial N o. 822,741 filed Mar. 5, 1914.

Other objects of the inventionl will hereinafter appeal', and the novel features there# of will be pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings which form a part hereof, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the front outer wall of a mold frame for one story of a` two-roo1n house; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same; Fig. 3 is a side elevation partially in section of a belting course plate; Fig. 4 is aninner face view of a standard plate; F 5 and G are side and end elevations of Fig. 4; Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the interior and exterior molds showing the window construction.; Fig. 8 is a vertical section .through the interior and exterior molds showing the door construction; Figs. 9 and l() show the fasteningy means employed for locking the plates together; Fig. 1.1 is a detail showing the pilaster corner and corner plate; Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail View showing the liiormation'of the oil-set belting course; Figs. 13 and 14 are fragmentary details of the cornice construction;

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary detail showing the supporting rods for the outer wall.

Like characters o1 reference designate like parts throughout the several views.

The exterior frame of the mold, as shown in Fig. 1, is composed principally ot' standard plates vdesignated broadly 1. Each of Vthese plates comprises a body- 2 of sheet material, preferably steel. to which are riveted or otherwise secured angle' irons or Ls 3 and 4,"lor1'uing flanges oi sullicient strength tov withstand crushing in ordinary use. In practice, it is customary for me to make these plates 8 ft. by 1 ft. with an extending flange 'of 3 inches` this size beine; chosen for convenience in lining un the outer and inner frames of the meld to brine' the door openings and the like in exact alinement, as will be hereinafter described.

i.Avtrintervals along the side flanges 3 are square apertures or holes 5 which areuniformly spaced 'in all of the plates so that the holes in abutting plates register when` the surfaces of these plates are flush with each other. l Through these holes fastening Wedges 6 are passed, the same consisting of rectangular blocks or gibs 7, each of which has-an enlarged head 8 and an elongated slot 9,- one Wall of which is beveled as `at 9. A Wedge or key 10 is driven through the slot 9 in either direction. This action serves to dravv the flanges together so that a close joint is formed between the flanges of two abutting plates, sufficiently Water-tight to prevent ridges from harming in the Wet concrete as lthe wall is being cast.

'Substantially L-shaped notches 11 are cut in theside flanges 3, near their upper and lower ends, into which liner locks 12 are adapted to fit. These liner locks consist of rigidstrips of angle-iron of the proper length to engage in the notches of the plates extending in a straight line, thus alining the plates and holding them in exact alinement.

After the liner locks 12 have been applied the fastening Wedges 6 are utilized for lockingthe parts of the mold structure rigidly in place. ,I

The plates forming the corners of exterior frame are joined together by right-angled Ls 13 having apertures 13 and notches 14 .spaced uniformly with the apertures 5 and the notches 11 in the standard plates 1; the Ls 13 being fastened to the plates by the wedges 6 and the liner locks 12.

The horizontal belting course'is formed by belting course plates 17 each of which are superposed upon and extend across a plurality of the standard plates 1 forming the j -moldA for the lower story of the house. 'f These `plates are constructed similarly to the standard plates 1 and have flanges 18 provided with square apertures 19, spaced -at the same distance from the respective surfaces of the plates as are the apertures 5.

surface of the respective platesin which they are formed than are the apertures 19, so that when the second row of standard plates is superimposed upon the plates 17, the desired offset is obtained, and as the holes 16 in each of the plates 1 are spaced equidistant from the surfaces of the 'respective plates, the outer wall of the first and second vstories of the house will be in alinement.

If no offset is desired, the beltin'g course plates are laid With-their apertures 19 registering with' apertures 15. These apertures l5 are located at the same distance from the surface of the plate, as are the apertures 5 in the side flanges of the plate, so that these apertures 15 and 5 may also be used when it is desired to fasten the plates together end to end With the respective surfaces of the plates flush.

The corners of the house may be cast to give a pilaster effect or the exterior Walls may be ornamented with half columns by adding a second row of square apertures 2l (see Figs. 3 uand 4) to the side flanges of some or all of the standard plates, which apertures are spaced from the apertures 5 a sufficient distance to give the required offset. When pilaster corners are constructed, it is evident that' the tWo outer corners of the plates will not meet, Which necessitates the use of a special corner L, 23 (seelFig. 11), the same being provided with a concave corner 24 having a radius corresponding tothe distance which these plates are offset, thus giving a rounded corner which adds to the finished appearance of the building. w

yThe means for rigidly supporting the eX- terior frame against spreading or lateral displacement ctmprises sectional tie-rods 25 extending longitudinally and transversely of the frame, the sectionsof the rods being connected by tie-hlocks 26. Turn buckles 27 are threaded onthe rods by Which they are tightened after the frame has been completely set up. Short length sections 28 are connected to the tie-rods 25 adjacent the belting course plates 17 by the tie-block 26 (see Fig'. 15). The outer ends of these sections pass through openings 29 in the belting course plates 17 Whichrare provided with U-shaped strips 30 surrounding these openings, the strips 30- reinforcing the plates and preventing interference by -the flanges of the plates when the heads 31 are being tightened. The rods 25 passing as they do from prevents the concrete from sticking to it thus permitting the ready removal of said section; the hole formed by the sleeve 32 After the Walls have set, the shortA being afterward filled with concrete.' In l practice, these rods 25 are spaced about 4 feet apart and are of smalldiamet r, so that the holes when filled are practica y invisiisti ble. The belting course plates and the tiereds after the concrete has set are permitted to remain in position and form a supporting structure for the second tier of Wall plates after the wall plates of the rst story have been removed, as Will be later referred to.I

Referring to the construction of the trame' for the interior casing WhichV conforms to the general outline of the room and frms the inner surface of the Walls. and-ceiling thereof, this casing is'composed of standard plates l, *similar to those used in the construction of the outer casing of the mold, and corner plates 33. Each of the corner plates 33 is made of sheet metal having its surfaces at right angles to each other andprovided with flanges corresponding to the flanges used in the" standard plates. In practice, Where standard plates a foot Wide are used, I have found it desirable to make 'y these corner plates either 6 inches or 15 'inches Wide on a side. These corner plates as well as the standard plates used inthe construction of the interior casing are each provided with L-shaped .notches for thereception of linerlocking Ls 12, similar toA those used on the exterior of the frame. As each of the standardplates in adetermined straight line is interlocked with a corner plate 13 which is rigid, it is evident that a -rigid structure which is substantially a' recinner surface of the Wall. n

'Where one complete story, including the ceiling, is to be cast at a single operation,-

tangular boX having on' open top and bottom, is formed Which Will not require any1 further means for rigidly sustaining 'the structure other than the` liner locks 12 and the Wedges 6'. If desired, a space for chimneys may be left, as indicated at 34, which is formed of inside corner angle plates 35 and 36 and standard platesl l which are joined together by outside corner Ls 36 and 36., re spectively, each of the sections being' inter locked with the others by means of liner locks 123. The core of the chimney would consist 1of lire tiling (not shown) which is adapted to remain permanently embedded in the concrete.

The ceiling is supported by'means of I- beams 37 the ends of which are adapted to rest lon the upper row of 'liner locks 12 and are held in place thereon by means of loose bolts 38 passing through holes in the liner lock 12 and the flanges of the I-beam.' In

practice, the holes in the liner locks are Y,

spaced about four feet apart, and the I- beams are laid parallel to each other. Upon these Lbcams are laid the ordinary standard plates l, the distan-ce between the two walls of the casing being determined so that a number of standard plates will `fit nicely between the flanges of the plates forming the ne provision has heretofore been made for the removal of the interior casmg after the concrete has-set. In order to overcome this difficulty, I have made the, distance between the top of the ILbeams when they are in place on the top. of the liner locks and the top. of the standard wall. plates of a distance slightly' greater than the depth of the flanges of a standard plate, so that if the plates are laid directly upon the I-beams, the upper surface of the ceiling plates will not be flush with the top surface of the flanges forming the inner Walls of the room l(see Fig. 8). Blocks 38 of a thickness sufficient to raise these ceiling plates flush with the top surface of the I-beams, are therefore inserted beneath the ends of each of the I- beanis, (see Fig. 7 After the concrete has I-hea-rns to fall upon the liner locks and the ceiling plates to drop away from the concrete ceiling, after which the ceiling plates and I-beams .may be readily removed.

Referring now to Figs. l and 7, which show the door construction, it will be seen that the same comprises side door plates 39 and top door 4plates 4-0, which are secured to the flanges 'of the plates of the interior and exterior frames by two-part tightening wedges 6 passing through square apertures 41, and apertures 5 in the exterior and interior frame forming a water-tight box around which the concrete will spread upon the'pouring of the same, so that after the plates are removed, a door openingy having finished u'alls will'be produced. 'lheidoor i' opening also has the added function of leaving an opening through which access may4 be had to the. interior casing at all times, and vthrough which the plates forming the -side walls and ceilings of the interior cas- Vin the usual manner and a special window plate fll is placed hormontally and flush with the top surface. of the wall plates l.` Top and side reveal plates 45 and 4.6 are fastened to the side flanges of the standard plates, these -platesbeing right angle Ls formed'u'ith the free .leg of the L extending into the lwall space as shown in Fig. 7. A bottom reveal plate -l is fastened to the top of'the plates 463 and is of less width than the uidth of the l'langos of these plates, thus providing an ofl'set which forms the lip'projection ol the window sil-l. A window frame 48, such as is commonly used, is placed between the interior and exterior mold frames and is held in place by screws passing through the top and side reveal plates 415 and NV hen the concrete' is poured, it will nach solidly around the Window frame and hold it in place after the remaval Vof the mold. Due tothe offset of the ias "due to the tendencyv which the concrete has to pack when it is forced upwardly by the massof concrete above and on both sides of it. Sufficient concrete is added to bring the concrete level with the top of the bottom reveal plate where it is troweled oil", forming va projecting Window sill, offset from the main Wall of the house.

The cornice of the house is formed a shown in Figs. 13 and 14. A plurality of angularly shaped brackets or scafl'olds 52 consisting of twolengths of angle iron pivoted together are spaced around the exterior frame about 4: ft. apart. Apertures or bolt holes are provided in the lower flange .of the belt course plates and in the side flanges of the Wall plates. Corresponding bolt openings are provided in the free ends of the legs of the scadold which are placed in position so ythat corresponding' openings 'will aline and be held firmly in place by bolts 53 and 54. Standard plates 51 are fastened together in the usual Way and are secured toa row of belting course plates 56 to give the desired Width and thickness lto the cornice. The horizontal arms of the scaffold brackets 52 are formed of just sulficient Width to bring the top surfacevof the plates 51 flush with the top flanges ofthe belting course plates 17. It is-evident that Where standard plates are joined together in this manner, a small space 57 is formed by the junction of the plates which may be filled'in any desired manner before the concrete is poured. The cornice may be constructed of any desired dimensions depend ing upon the number of standard Wall plates and belting course plates used.

' The method of. constructing the mold frame is to assemble the interior casing be-- -fore the exterior Wall frame is placed in position. First the usual footing course 58 is constructed of concrete of dimensions to correspond to the architects plans. Footing course angle Ls orplates 59 (see Fig. 7 vare laid upon the footing course and leveled up;v forming rectangles of a size `corresponding to the desired room, with the up-standing legs of the Ls facing inwardly. Preferably an inside corner plate 33 is first placed in position and the standard plates are then placed along the footing course L with the surfaces of the plates facing out- Wardly, the liner locks 12 are then positioned in the notches 11 in the top and bottom vof the plates, Which will insure that the outer surfaces of the plates are in exact alinenjent and the plates securely looked to getherrby the wedges 6. Other sections of the frame of thepnteror casing are ythe outside to insure its rigidity.

assembled in the same manner, forming a rigid box open at the top and bottom, which needs no additional supporting means from Similar footing course angle Ls 60 are provided for the outer frame which are leveled up as before and upon which the standard plates l are assembled. The inner plates acting as guides for properly positioning the outer plates, due to the fact that allof the plates are standard size. For example, if a 9-inch Wall is desired, it is only necessary to aline the edgeof, the second plate with the edge of the 1'5-inchv corner plate which leaves 9 inches for the Wall. rFhe window and door openings are alined'in 'the same manner, for after the rst plate' adjacent a corner 'is properly alined, then the window openings and door openingsare properly formed-by using similar plates 'on the interior and exterior frame. After the wall sections of the exterior casing have been properly -set up, the belting course plates and the supporting tie-rods 25 are firmly secured in place, giving a rigid'exter-ior frame which isentirely independent of the interior casing. Scatfolds 52 are then erected on the exterior frame and a tempes rary platform of standard 4plates placed thereon, upon which the workmen stand vt0` .place standard plates on the supporting I- beams 3 7 which have been positioned in place from the interior of the casing, the

blocks 38 having been vplaced beneath the I- beams as has been previously described. Obviously where the Window frame and door plates have been assembled as described,'the mold is ready to receirethe concrete to cast one complete story includ-4 ing the floors, door openings, windows, sills and the like in one pour. Concrete is then poured into the mold and over the ceiling plates .almost flush with the upper" flanges of the belting course plates, Where it is troweled off leaving the edge of the belting course projection above the level of the concrete'a slight distance, which in practice isv usually about g of an inch. The concrete is allowed to set, and if it is desired to build a second story, standard wall plates are secured by tightening wedges to the top flange of the belting course platcsl'? as has heretofore been described, and since the holes are at uniform distances, the surface of the upper set of wall plates will be flush with the surface of the concrete wall which has been cast. It inay'here bel stated that the vvall plates which are used -in the exterior frame for the second story may be the same as those which are used in the first story, since by-removing the footing course angles 60, the Wall plates of the first story may be removed and superposed upon the belting course plates in the manner described. Since connecting several of the vertically-arranged i standard platea-other standard plates havingmarginal flanges arranged at right vangles to the wall plates and abutting the belting course )lates for forming the cornice of the building, and means for supporting said plates forminor the cornice.

8. In a knock down molrfor constructing one complete story of a monolithic building. an exterior frame composed of a plurality of rectangularly-shaped vertically-disposed plates of a height to form substantially one story of th'e building, horizontally-disposed belting course plates extending across several 'of said vertically-disposed plates and rigidly secured thereto, means for securing a second row of wall plates to said belting course plates in vertical alinement with the Wall plates of the first story.

9. .In a knock down mold for constructing one complete story 'of a monolithic building, anexterior frame com osed of a row of verticallydisposed wall p Hanges, a horizonta ly-disposed late extending lacross several of said verticallydisposed plates, said horizontally disposed plate'having marginal flanges secured to thev top voit" said wall plates along one of the side flanges thereof, the. opposite flange of said horizontally-disposed plates adapted to support a second row of vertically-disposed plates' and ,means for securing a second row off'platfes to said horizontally-disposed plate with the surfaces of the plates in the two rows in alinement. y 10. In aknock. down mold framexfor oonstructing one complete story of a. monolithic building including. a floor, an exterior frame p composed of vertically-disposed rectangularly-shaped mold plates of sufficient height j to form .one story of a house, an interior casingahaving Awalls composed of similarly disposey mold plates and ceiling plates supf ported l by said wall plates, the interior framehaving substantially the form of an inverted box, belting course plates extendingacrossiand secured to the top of several to hold the exterior frame against disp of the mold plates of the exterior frame, and tie-,rods passing through said belting course plates above said ceiling plates and ada ted nient, said l interior frame being sel porting and entirely independent of the exterior` frame. 1l. In a knock down mold for constructing oneicomplete story of a monolithic conates having marginalv acen supcrete building, an exterior frame composed f of a plurality of verticallyfdisposed rec I tangularly-shaped mold plates rigidly secured together in ,substantially the form of a hollow rectangle, horizontally-disposed belting course plates extending across and secured to the tops of several of saidwall plates, and means comprising: tie-rods con necting the belting course platesl of different e5 i sides of the frame said'tie-rods being adapt-` l ed to be permanently embedded inthe concrete floor of the building when cast.

12. lIn a knock down 4mold for'cons'tru'ct-i f l 7U ing, an exterior frame having.substantially I ing one complete story 0T a monolithic buildthe shape of a hollow rectangle' and v'cornf posed of vertically-disposed reotan larlyshaped mold plates rigidly secured t gether,

belting course plates extending across and secured to several of said wall plates, va .selfsupporting interior mold frame havingsubstantially the form of an inverted box-and composed of separate moldiffxplates;rigidly secured together', said `fratrieI -being adapted to support the concrete 'floor when castgtierods connectingthe beltingfcourseplatesof different fsides Vof the frame, said gtierods being permanently embedded in j the 'concrete floor of the building upon the casting'ofethe4 same and rigidly supporting the-belting course ing. y

13. In a knock downnmolcl for con ing one complete Story' 0f 11` monolithioc crete buildingincluding afloor atla plates against the wallY ofthe?build-v cast, an exterior framecomprisngal ater rows of vertically disposed wall plate'safnd,

horizontally disposed belting course-plates extendi'n across several vof said lwall plates,

said wal plates `initially, supporting said belting course plates, and'separate-means asy for supporting saidigb'elting coursev plates adapted 'to be embedded: in the concrete 'olf one storyof the buildingvawlien-cast, said belting course plates being adapted to) supel port the succeedin` row off; wall vplates iat whereby the row oi, ywall 'plates below .the v struction of the. upper stories of .the

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