US1098794A - Article with protective coating. - Google Patents
Article with protective coating. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1098794A US1098794A US72836212A US1912728362A US1098794A US 1098794 A US1098794 A US 1098794A US 72836212 A US72836212 A US 72836212A US 1912728362 A US1912728362 A US 1912728362A US 1098794 A US1098794 A US 1098794A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- article
- titanium
- coating
- nitrid
- carbid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 title description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 rutile for example Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2918—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including free carbon or carbide or therewith [not as steel]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
Definitions
- the object of the invention is to produce a hard adhesive, non-porous coating that will stand the high temperatures attained in an electric or other-furnace without burning, or underging other deleterious chemical changes. The manner in which this is accomplished will be given in the accompanying description.
- Titanium nitrid is a stable compound even at very high temperatures. It is nonporous, difiicult to break, and is very hard,
- a mix is made of some titanium compound, such as rutile for example, and a suitable binder and this is applied to the surface of the article by any means.
- the mix may be forced around the article at the same time that the latter is forced, in a manner similar to known process for putting thin shells around arc light electrodes, or it may be ressed on.
- the article is coated atitanium compound such as rutile. it is baked at a high temperature in the presence of nitrogen. Titanium has a high affinity for nitrogen and the two readily combine to form the nitrid. By this means 'the coating of titanium oxid or other compound is converted into titanium nitrid.
- Titanium carbid itself is a poor coating for articles subject to a high temperature in the presence of air, as it readily burns. However, if the coat of titanium carbid is l surrounded by a layer of titanium 'nitrid i it will be protected from the air and will not burn.
- One of the ways in which these two coats maybe applied to the article is x;
- lVhile I prefer to apply the nitrid coating in the way previously described, I may use another method for forming the coating.
- the article itself may consist of carbon mixed with rutilc or other titanium compound in the desired proportions. lVhen this is heated the outer surface of the electrodes will be converted to titanium carbid.
- the carbid coating may be later entirely or partially converted into the nitrid by heating in the presence of nitrogen as previously described, or the article may be first heated in an atmosphere of. nitrogen so that a coating of the nitrld is directly formed.
- a refractory article having a coating of titanium nitrid having a coating of titanium nitrid.
- a refractory article having one coating of titanium carbid and a second superimposed coating of titanium nitrid.
- a carbonaceous article the outer portions of which contain titanium nitrid.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
- wit ,XR 190989794- SR UNITED s'rarns SAMUEL H. FLEMING, or CLEVELAND,
COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, OHIO,
Parana orrron.
OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL CARBON A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.
ARTICLE WITH. PROTECTIVE COATING.
1,098,794. Specification of No Drawing.
ings forele cjrodes, resistors, furnace bricks and siniilar, articles;
The object of the invention is to produce a hard adhesive, non-porous coating that will stand the high temperatures attained in an electric or other-furnace without burning, or underging other deleterious chemical changes. The manner in which this is accomplished will be given in the accompanying description.
Titanium nitrid is a stable compound even at very high temperatures. It is nonporous, difiicult to break, and is very hard,
'so that it forms an efficient covering for articles of.-carb o n or othgr refractorygmagter ah as it prevent? tlie air or other furnace gases from reaching the carbon or other material to combine therewith.
To form the covering for an article a mix is made of some titanium compound, such as rutile for example, and a suitable binder and this is applied to the surface of the article by any means. The mix may be forced around the article at the same time that the latter is forced, in a manner similar to known process for putting thin shells around arc light electrodes, or it may be ressed on. After the article is coated atitanium compound such as rutile. it is baked at a high temperature in the presence of nitrogen. Titanium has a high affinity for nitrogen and the two readily combine to form the nitrid. By this means 'the coating of titanium oxid or other compound is converted into titanium nitrid.
In some cases it may be desirable to have the article provided with anfixtfilllq i fl. coahangl anjnterior'carbid coat, as the latter would servehs"'iiieansfi'ofinore firmly unite the former to the carbon. Titanium carbid wets the carbon and enters the pores of its exterior surface, so that the union with the carbon is practically perfect.
Letters Patent Patented June 2, 1914.
Application filed October 29, 1912. Serial No. 728,362.
Titanium carbid itself is a poor coating for articles subject to a high temperature in the presence of air, as it readily burns. However, if the coat of titanium carbid is l surrounded by a layer of titanium 'nitrid i it will be protected from the air and will not burn. One of the ways in which these two coats maybe applied to the article is x;
to apply a mix containing titanium and carbon to the article as previously described 5 r and then heat the article with the exclusion of air or nitrogen and thus form titanium carbid from the union of the titanium with the carbon. After the coating of carbid is formed the article is heated in the presence of air or other nitrogen supply and part or all of the titanium carbid is converted into the nitrid. The process can be stopped before the entire coat of carbid is transformed into the nitrid, if an inner coat of titanium carbid is desired.
lVhile I prefer to apply the nitrid coating in the way previously described, I may use another method for forming the coating. The article itself may consist of carbon mixed with rutilc or other titanium compound in the desired proportions. lVhen this is heated the outer surface of the electrodes will be converted to titanium carbid. The carbid coating may be later entirely or partially converted into the nitrid by heating in the presence of nitrogen as previously described, or the article may be first heated in an atmosphere of. nitrogen so that a coating of the nitrld is directly formed.
Having described my invention what I claim is:
l. A refractory article having a coating of titanium nitrid.
A refractory article having one coating of titanium carbid and a second superimposed coating of titanium nitrid.
3. A carbonaceous article, the outer portions of which contain titanium nitrid.
4. The process of forming a coating on an article which consists in applying a layer of rutile and then heating the article in the presence of nitrogen.
5. The process of forming a coating on an article which consists in applying a layer of rutile and carbon, heating with the exduslon of 2111' to change the layer In testimony whereof I have hereunto to tlt-amum carbld, and then heatmg m an slgned my name.
atmosphere of nitrogeq -to form, titanium S AMUEL H FLEMING nitrid. 5 6. A furnace olectroglg conslstmg of car- \Vitnesses:
bon andhavlng'a coatlng of tltanlum nit-rid I. J. ADAMS,
to protect it from oxidation. H. G. GROVER.
Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0."
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US72836212A US1098794A (en) | 1912-10-29 | 1912-10-29 | Article with protective coating. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US72836212A US1098794A (en) | 1912-10-29 | 1912-10-29 | Article with protective coating. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1098794A true US1098794A (en) | 1914-06-02 |
Family
ID=3166999
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US72836212A Expired - Lifetime US1098794A (en) | 1912-10-29 | 1912-10-29 | Article with protective coating. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1098794A (en) |
Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2597964A (en) * | 1951-11-09 | 1952-05-27 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same |
| US2597963A (en) * | 1947-09-10 | 1952-05-27 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same |
| US2636856A (en) * | 1948-06-29 | 1953-04-28 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Electrode for electrochemical oxidation |
| US2836514A (en) * | 1953-11-16 | 1958-05-27 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Hard surface coated gear member |
| US2839426A (en) * | 1954-01-21 | 1958-06-17 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of coating carbonaceous articles with silicon nitride |
| US2864731A (en) * | 1956-07-13 | 1958-12-16 | David H Gurinsky | Forming protective films on metal |
| US2880552A (en) * | 1954-08-16 | 1959-04-07 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Heat treatment of metal-coated glass fibers |
| US2926111A (en) * | 1958-04-03 | 1960-02-23 | Donald G Schweitzer | Method of forming a protective coating on ferrous metal surfaces |
| US2960642A (en) * | 1958-04-17 | 1960-11-15 | Quartz & Silice S A | Dielectric films and capacitors employing the same |
| US2990351A (en) * | 1948-03-01 | 1961-06-27 | Manuel C Sanz | Nuclear reactor element |
| US3041260A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1962-06-26 | Walter V Goeddel | Nuclear fuel material |
| US3073717A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1963-01-15 | Robert J Pyle | Coated carbon element for use in nuclear reactors and the process of making the element |
| US3131089A (en) * | 1961-01-25 | 1964-04-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Carbon article coated with boron carbide and boron nitride, and process of making the same |
| US3151852A (en) * | 1958-07-09 | 1964-10-06 | Chrysler Corp | Process for obtaining metal carbide coatings on base materials and metal carbide structures produced thereby |
| US4358506A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1982-11-09 | Josef Intrater | Metal and carbon composites thereof |
| EP0067252A1 (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1982-12-22 | Advanced Technology Inc. | Metal, carbon, carbide and other compositions thereof, alloys and methods for preparing same |
| US4396677A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1983-08-02 | Josef Intrater | Metal, carbon, carbide and other composites thereof |
| US5254359A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1993-10-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method of forming titanium nitride coatings on carbon/graphite substrates by electric arc thermal spray process using titanium feed wire and nitrogen as the atomizing gas |
| US5304417A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1994-04-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Graphite/carbon articles for elevated temperature service and method of manufacture |
| CN107043276A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-15 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | A kind of graphite electrode guard method |
| EP3657111A1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-05-27 | SMS Group GmbH | Method for repairing a used flushing body, a floor electrode and / or used lining of a metallurgical vessel |
-
1912
- 1912-10-29 US US72836212A patent/US1098794A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2597963A (en) * | 1947-09-10 | 1952-05-27 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same |
| US2990351A (en) * | 1948-03-01 | 1961-06-27 | Manuel C Sanz | Nuclear reactor element |
| US2636856A (en) * | 1948-06-29 | 1953-04-28 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Electrode for electrochemical oxidation |
| US2597964A (en) * | 1951-11-09 | 1952-05-27 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same |
| US2836514A (en) * | 1953-11-16 | 1958-05-27 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Hard surface coated gear member |
| US2839426A (en) * | 1954-01-21 | 1958-06-17 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of coating carbonaceous articles with silicon nitride |
| US2880552A (en) * | 1954-08-16 | 1959-04-07 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Heat treatment of metal-coated glass fibers |
| US2864731A (en) * | 1956-07-13 | 1958-12-16 | David H Gurinsky | Forming protective films on metal |
| US2926111A (en) * | 1958-04-03 | 1960-02-23 | Donald G Schweitzer | Method of forming a protective coating on ferrous metal surfaces |
| US2960642A (en) * | 1958-04-17 | 1960-11-15 | Quartz & Silice S A | Dielectric films and capacitors employing the same |
| US3151852A (en) * | 1958-07-09 | 1964-10-06 | Chrysler Corp | Process for obtaining metal carbide coatings on base materials and metal carbide structures produced thereby |
| US3041260A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1962-06-26 | Walter V Goeddel | Nuclear fuel material |
| US3073717A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1963-01-15 | Robert J Pyle | Coated carbon element for use in nuclear reactors and the process of making the element |
| US3131089A (en) * | 1961-01-25 | 1964-04-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Carbon article coated with boron carbide and boron nitride, and process of making the same |
| US4358506A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1982-11-09 | Josef Intrater | Metal and carbon composites thereof |
| US4396677A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1983-08-02 | Josef Intrater | Metal, carbon, carbide and other composites thereof |
| EP0067252A1 (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1982-12-22 | Advanced Technology Inc. | Metal, carbon, carbide and other compositions thereof, alloys and methods for preparing same |
| US5254359A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1993-10-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method of forming titanium nitride coatings on carbon/graphite substrates by electric arc thermal spray process using titanium feed wire and nitrogen as the atomizing gas |
| US5304417A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1994-04-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Graphite/carbon articles for elevated temperature service and method of manufacture |
| US5352523A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1994-10-04 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Graphite/carbon articles for elevated temperature service and method of manufacture |
| CN107043276A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-15 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | A kind of graphite electrode guard method |
| CN107043276B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2020-05-05 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Graphite electrode protection method |
| EP3657111A1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-05-27 | SMS Group GmbH | Method for repairing a used flushing body, a floor electrode and / or used lining of a metallurgical vessel |
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