US1044754A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

E. M. UULTER.

CARBURETER.

APPLIUATION FILED 51113.23, 1912.

atented NOV. i9, 19M.

fic

HARRY M. COULTER, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letterslatent. Application filed February 23, 1912.

This casing is which regulates and is provided 1,4td,?54h Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

Serial No. 679,267;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY M. COULTER, a citizen of Athe United States, and resident provided with a valve 19 witha throttle valve 2U of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and which regulates the volume of carbureted State of Massachusetts, have invented cerair which may pass to the motor. i

tain new and useful Improvements in Car- AThe fuel is delivered into the mixing bureters, of which the following is a specichamber 16 between the inlet valve 19 and.

throttle valve 20. The fuel nozzle is indicated at 21, and is preferably inclined toward the valve 20. The fuel is conducted to the nozzle 21 through a-pipe 23.

The priming device is inserted in the fuel conduit between the float chamber andthe mixing chamber. This priming device comprises a cylinder 24 and piston 25. The cylinder is connected with the float chamber by a pipe 26suificiently below the fuel level X to insure a quantity of fuel inthe cylinder u to the level of the fuel in the float cham r. The pipe 23 is in open communication with the cylinder 24 at a point considerably belowthe pipe 26. rangement of the several elements which form the fuel conduit from the lioat chamication.

This invention relates to carbureters which mix air and hydrocarbon gas to produce an explosive mixture for internal combustion motors.

One feature of the invention consists 1n means for priming the carbureter for starting the motor.

Another feature of the invention consists in means for retarding the opening of the air inlet when the throttle vvalve is opened suddenly, in order that a combustible mixture relatively rich in gas may be provided when it is desired to suddenly accelerate t-he speed of the motor.

Of the accompanying drawings which illustrate, in a somewhat conventional manner, one form in which the present invention may be embodied: Figure 1 represents a vertical section, partly in elevation. F ig. 2 representsa vertical section of the dashpot for retarding the opening of the air inlet.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts wherever they occur.

The casing, indicated at 10, provides a fuel chamber into which gasolene or other hydrocarbon fuel is conducted through an inlet 11. This casing incloses a oat-operated valve which may be of any preferred construction and arrangement, its function being to maintain a uniform 'quantity of fuel in the casing. The fuel-inlet valve is indileep them all iilled up to the level indicated at X. The piston 25 is provided with a rod or plunger 27 which projects through the upper end of the cylinder and which is provided with a head Q8. A helical spring 29 coiled about the plunger is compressed between the head 28 and the upper end of the cylinder, and normally elevates the piston to the position shown. in which position it is slightly above the inl t through which the fuel is admitted. Prior to starting the motor the mixing chamber may be primed by manually pressing down upon the head 28. soon as the piston 25 covers the end of cated at 125, a lever for operating the same is the pipe 2G, that pipe is cut off as a means indicated 13, and a float for actuating the ef escape for the fuel in the cylinder. The

fuel is therefore forced withpressure through the pipe 23 and is discharged with sufficient force through the nozzle 21 to carry it past the throttle valve. The motor may be then very readily started because of the relatively great proportion of fuel deposited upon the wall of` the mixing chaniher. The piston 25 will resume the 'position shawn as soon as it is released, after which the carbureter is ready `fer continued operalever is indicated at 11h The lever is pivotally mounted at 15 in such manner that when the tlcat rises the valve is closed, and when the float descends the valve is opened.

The mining chamber for air and gas is indicated at 16.. This chamber' is afforded by a suitahle casing 17 the upper end of which is formed for connection with a pipe or manifold (not shown) whereby the explosive miitnre is conducted te the cylinder or cylinders. The chamber 16 has an opening tien. n for the admissicn of air, said opening in the .eis revio'usly stated, the volume prei instance heing the hott/oni and inbui air whichY is delivered to t t is con-rolled hy 'l th ed at 18. The flor-v through Athe mining r is from the hottcin to the tcp.

the capacity of the inlet,

The arextends transversely through the casing 17. The air-inlet valve 19 is similar to the valve 20 except that it is cut away on one side in order to clear the fuel nozzle 21. The valve 19 is alixed to an oscillatory pin 3l which extends through the casing 17. These two valves are connected so that they will be opened and closed-approximately inunison. The term approximately is used because under certain conditions they-do not move exactly in unison, as will be understood after further description.

An operating lever 32 is atlixed to one end of the pin 30. This lever may be connected by any desirable connecting means (not shown) with a controller or handle within reach of the driver. A second arm or lever, indicated at 33, is atlixed to the pin 30. A connecting rod 34 extends from the arm 33 to an'arm 35 which is ailixed to the in which carries the air-inlet valve 19. (See Fig. 2). The connection between the arm 33 and the rod 34' is preferably one which may be adjusted to vary the movement imparted to the rod. For this reason the arm 33 is formed with a substantially radial slot 36 in which a pivot pin 37 is adapted to be set at any desired position. The connection between the arm `33 and the rod 34 is formed by the pin 37.,

The lower end of the rod 34 extends loosely through the outer end of the arm 35 and is vthreaded for an adjusting nut 38 l"which bears against the under side of the arm 35. A binding nut is indicated at 39. A helical spring 40 is coiled about the connecting rod 34 and is compressed between` the arm 35' and a collar 41. The stress ot the spring normally holds the arm 35 and the nut 38 in contact with each other as shown. lt is obvious that the arm 33 isl moved upwardly when the throttle valve 20 is closed, and that such movement is transmitted positively to the valve 19 because it is transmitted through the. nut`38 and not through the spring 4G. the other hand, when the throttle valve 2() is opened the movement is transmitted to the valve i9 through the spring 40, the yield'ng connection afforded by the spring is adapted to permit the valve 19 to open less quiclrly than the valve 20. 'lhel dashpot indicated at 42 is provided 'for retarding the opening movement ot the valve 19. The piston ci' the at 43 and is provided with a rod rlhis rod is connected by a pivoted link 45 with l a block 43 which is pivotally mounted upon the arm 35 by a sud 4'?. 'The dashpotis preferably lled with some suitable liquid, such for example as oil, indicated at 48. 'lhe piston 43 is Jformed with an opening 49 of relatively great capacity through which the retarding liquid 43 may flow. 'lhe piston is further provided with a checkvalve,

and it is obvious that dashpot is indicated indicated at 50, which is adapted to check the dow in one direction through the opening 49 but which is adapted to swing open and permit free flow in the opposite direction. lt is desirable; to form the piston and the valve 5()y so that therefwill be some leakage, thereby enabling the piston` to move slowly when the direction issuch as to close the valve. The valve is arranged to close when the air-inlet valve 19 is being opened, and to open when the valve 19 is -being closed. -f

The voperation and utility of the valves are as ollows:-Assuming, Jfior example, that the vehicle to which the carbureter is attached is moving slowly through a crowd- ,ed street, at which time the throttle valve 2O will naturally be nearly closed. Incidentally the air-inlet valve 19 will likewise be nearly closed in order to maintain suliicient vacuum between it and the valve 20 to insure drawing the necessary amount of fuel from the nozzle 21. lf the traiic conditions are such that the driver has an opportunity 'to dart ahead suddenly, he will quickly open the throttle valve 2Q. in order to supply a relatively great volume of carbureted air for the motor. The motor up to this time is revolving at a relatively slow speed, consequently the vacuumiin the mixing chamber is not very great. Y

lt, upon suddenly opening the valve 20 while the motor is running at slow speed, the air-inlet valve 19 should be as suddenly opened, the mixing chamber would be almost wholly if not entirely eliminated, and that the pull upon the gasolene would be correspondingly lessened, .with the result that the supply ci gasolene would would be a demand for an increase. 'Not only would this tail to i'ultil the demand tor more fuel, but it would cause the motor to stop, because under the conditions named there would be nothing but uncarbureted i air flowing through the mixing chamber, the speed ot the motor being so slow as 'to be unable to maintain the vacuum alter the valvel@ was opened; but the yielding connection between the valve 20 19, together with the dashpot 42, overcomes the diifnculty inst described by retarding the opening oi the inlet valve 19 'for a considerable period alter the valve 20 has been opened. rlhe sudden opening of 20 results in compressing the spring 4G without moving the valve i9. 1l greater volume of carbureted airis thus admitted to the motor, whose speed increases and thereby increases the vacuum in ber and draws a relatively great proportion or fuel. rlhe combustible mixture therefore becomes more' rich in fuel and the speed ol the motor accelerates rapidly. the meantime the leakage pastthe piston 43 and it is obviousthat the vacuum in f and the valve 1f the valve l be diminished when there` the mixing chamnoaa-,75a

check valve in the dashpot enables the to spring 4:0 to slowly7 open the air-inlet valve 19, thus increasing the volume of air substantially in proportion to the increasing speed of the motor. The air-inlet valve contines to open until the arm 35 is moved into engagement with the nut 38, whereupon the valves 19 and 20 occupy their normal relation, regardless of whether they are opened to the full extent or only partly opened. If now the throttle valve 20 should be suddenly closed, the air-inlet valve would be as suddenly closed, because the motion is transmitted positively by the nut 38. Sudden closing ofthe valves is not opposed by the dashpot, because the check valve 50 is ar- -ranged to permit sudden closing.

Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described a way of constructing and using the same, although without attempting to set forth all the forms in which it may be made or all the modes of its use, what I claim is:

l. In a carbureter, the combination with the mixing chamber, of a throttle valve for controlling the outward flow from said chamber, a valve for controlling the air inlet of said chamber, means for delivering fuel into the chamber between said valves, manually operative yielding connections for operating said inlet valve, and means for preventing sudden movement of said inlet valve when the yielding connections are moved, said means being adapted to permit relatively slow movement of said" inlet valve.

2. In a carbureter, the combination with the mixing chamber, of a throttle valve for controlling the ontw-ard How from Said chamber, a valve for cont-rolling the air inlet of said chamber, means for delivering fuel into the chamber betweenl said valves, manually operative connections for positively closing said inlet valve, said connections having yielding means for opening the in-` let valve, and reta'rding means for preventing sudden opening movement of said inlet valve, said retarding means being adapted permit relatively slow opening movement and relatively sudden closing movement of said inlet valve.

3. In a carbureter, the combination with the mixing chamber, of a throttle valve for controlling the outward flow from said chamber, a valve for controlling the air inlet of said chamber, means for delivering fuel into the chamber between said valves, manually operative means for opening and closing said throttle valve, connections between said manually operative means and said inlet valve for operatively moving said inlet valve, said connections including ayielding element whereby said throttle valve may be moved without movement of said inlet valve, .and retarding means for preventing sudden opening movement of said inlet valve, said retarding means being adapted to permit relatively slow opening movement ofl said inlet valve.

4.. In a carbureter, the combination with the mixing chamber, of a throttle valve for controlling the outward flow from said chamber, a valve for controlling the air inlet of said chamber, means for delivering fuel into the chamber between said valves, manually operative means for opening and closing said throttle valve, connect-ions between said manually operative mea-ns and said inlet valve for operatively moving said inlet valve, said connections including a yielding element whereby said throttle valve may be moved without movement of said inlet valve, and retarding means for opposing said yielding element to retard opening movement of saidinlet valve, sai'd retarding means being adapted to permit said yielding element to act slowly to open said` inlet valve.

In testimony whereof I have aiiixed signature, in presence of two witnesses.

HARRY M. COULTER.

Witnesses:

WALTER P. ABELL, P. W. PnzzET'ri.

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