US1019092A - Method of dyeing. - Google Patents

Description

causing the formation of the neutral gel UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

MAXIM SCHN'ARZ, OF BRAUNAU, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

METHOD 0] DYEING.

Specification of Letters iatent. Application filed August 19, 1911.

No Drawing.

Patented Mar. 5, 1912. semi No. 644,958.

shades is secured by using an amount of dyestufi equal to 3 weight of the goods.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAXIM SCHWARZ, chemist, a subject of the Emperor of Austria- Hungary, residing at Braunau, Bohemia, Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented new and useful Improvements in Methods of Dyeing, of which the following is a specification.

I have found that substantive dyestuffs possess the property of fully combining in the neutral gel form with vegetable and animal fiber, by simple steaming. The manufacture of such gels of dyestuffs according to this invention is effected by dissolving the dyestuff in water to which alkali has been added whereupon the solution is stirred in a starch gel, capable of resisting the action of alkali, such for instance as wheat-starch, and

Example.

186 solutiom-30 grams of Para-blue 23X, 300 grams of hot water (between 30 and 100 C.) 5 cubic centimeters of soda lye of 41 Ba um.

2m! s0Zutz'on.-2O grams of wheat starch, 200 grams of cold water, 5 cubic centimeters of soda lye of 41 Baum;

The two solutions are intimately mixed together and then diluted with 35 cubic centimeters of hot water of any temperature between 30 and 100 C. and finally mixed acid of 21 Baum.

By the addition of the hydrochloric acid, (or other-suitable acid such as sulfuric acid, or a salt, preferably such a one as contains a volatile ba se like ammonium chlorid) in amount molecularly equivalent to that of the soda lye, a neutral, and perfectly durable, gel form is secured.

form by the addition of an acid 'or an acid salt, preferably such a one as contains a volatile basis. i

By the perfect neutralization otf the dissolving alkali, the dye is broug t into a form differing from that obtained by the addition of glycerin. in accordance with the Justinus Mullerus process (see Lehnes F mber-Zeitung 1905, page 226) or in accord ance with the process wherein the whole of the alkali is deposited on the fiber and holds l the dyestufi' in solution, so that the dyestutl' 1 becomes again partly removed from the fiber [in when it is washed. I \Vith dyestuffs which are to be coupled The alkaline hydrosol-form of indigo in such as diam-indigo blue, oxy-rliamin black the sodium salt, hysalbinic, or protalbinic, OT, and the like, the diazotizing can be acid (see Lehnes Farber-Zeitmzg, 1903, effected in the usual manner and the develpage 212) differs also essentially from the opment be done with beta-naphthol. neutral substantive dyestuil gels, andg ives i With dyes such as geranin, brilliant gendyes wanting in fastness. uine blue pure diamiu blue CVR, chloramin I have found that neutral substantive dye yellow and the like, the dyed fabrics are in gels i. e. bodies without diffusing power, 1 addition washed and soaped. which are therefore in such a state that they I This process has considerable advantages are incapable of penetrating membranes, I over the hitherto known Foulard process in can be absorbed by, and fixed on, vegetable l that there is considerable saving of dyestuif, and animal fibers in a manner whichhas not perfect fixing of the dye-stuff, saving of been possible by any process hitherto known, steam and labor and an increase in the profor by simply impregnating the fabric once duction capacity. by conducting it with the liquid between the socalled Foulard machine squeezed between rolls and then steamed for 2, or 3 minutes, rolled hot and left rolled for from hour, to 1 hour, and, for finishing passed through a solution of diazotized para'nitrani- I claim rolls pressing against each other and steam- The'within described process of dyeing on ing it for a short time, a perfect and stable vegetable and animal fibrous material which fixing of the dye-stuffs up to the deepest 1 consists in mixing an alkaline solution of per cent. or more, of the with 11.8 cubic centimeters of hydrochloric The fabric to be dyed is impregnated in substantive dyes with starch ge1, neutralname to this specification in the presence of izing the said mixture, impregnating the two subscribing witnesses, material to be dyed with the said neutralized i mixture containing the neutral gels of the MAXIM SOHWARZ. 5 substantive dyes and then fixing the dye Witnesses:

by steaming. ADOLPH FISCHER,

In. testimony whereof, I have signed my CHARLES J. ZAKOSTAISCKY.