US101089A - Erastus brigham bigelow - Google Patents

Description

brous stalks from their fibrous'part.

ing at once on the stalks in the direction of their' dusted gratte @sind @titi-rr.

, ERASTUS BRIGHAM BIGELOW, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 101,089, dated March 22, 1870.

IMPRQVEMENT IN MACHINE FOR CR'USBING- RAMIE AND OTHER FIBRUUS STALKS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

I, Ems'rns BRIGHAM Brennow, of Boston, in the county of Snolk and Commonwealth of Massachuchusetts, have invented Acertain Improvements in Crushing Ramie and other fibrous stalks, of which the following is a speciiicat-ion. I

The object of my invention is to facilitate the pro# cess of separating thegwood part of Raluie and other Instead of actlengtll, as heretofore done, 1 first crush and separate them longitudinally, preparatory to breaking their woody part transversely. A

v yThis I accomplish by means of crnshingrollers,be tween which the stalks. are passed sidewise, the distance between the rollers being such as to compress the stalks, and, by the compressing action, force their.-

woody fibers asunder. After the woody fibers of the longitudinally they may be easily broken transversely,

-and .removed from the textile bersby the usual processes of breaking and hackling hemp' and iiax.

After the stalks have been crushed andA separated longitudinally, as above described, they may be immersed in a chemical bath, suitably prepared, to free them from their natural gum, and then dried, preparatory to the breaking land hackling processes, or they may be dried, broken and hackled before being immersed in the bath.`

The crushing mechanism is represented by the accompanying drawings, in which- Eigurc'l is a front elevation thereof.-

Figure 2 is a plan. Figure 3 is a right-hand end elevation.

Figure 4 is a left-hand end elevation.

`Figure 5 is a transverse section taken on the line A B, drawn across iig. 2.

The frame of the machine consists of two upright standards a, supported by four cross-girths b.

,The crushing-rollers, c, between which the 'stalks are passed, are grouped in pairs,.,a nd connected by 4gears d.

` To facilitate the feeding in of the stalks, eachpair is arranged in a horizontal plane, and one pair placed ably formed ,in the standards a, the speed of the lower pair being accelerated to take' u p the increased `width offthe stalks producedgby the compression of the upper pair.

They receive motion from the driving-sbatte, which carries along pinion, f, which engages with the gearwheels g and h, severally aiiixed to the axes e, of their respective rollers c, the'gear-h being of less diameter than the gear g, to accelerate the speed of the" lowerrollersfor the purposes before explained.

The driving-shaft e is supported by stands l,and by a pulley, j, receives motion from a prime mover connected with the motive power.

A feeding apparatus is applied to the upper part of the machine, by which the stalks, marked k, are delivered in succession, sidewise, to the crushing-rollers.

Two rollers, l and m, are supported at each end by stands o, Aaffixed to .the standards a, carry a series of bauds, p, which form an endless ieeding-apron. .A continuous rotary movement is imparted' to the endless feeding-apron by one of the crushing-rollers c through the action of gears q and r, axed respectively to the axes of the rollers c and l.

The attendant spreads the stalks k side by side upon -aud across the endless feeding-apron just described, abutting-one end of the stalks against a guide-bar, s, to bring them into proper range with the crushingllgollers, the' stalks and bands being supported by a tale, t. f

The stalks, as the endless feeding-apron revolves, are carried forward to a position over the bite of the crushing-rollers, whence they descend, in succession, by their own gravity, being guidedin their descent by guide-stands u and r, affixed respectively to the stands o and standards a. v I

To hold the stalks in position as theyadvance to the line of descent, and to canse them to drop as nearly parallel tothe crushing-rollers as may be, a revolving holding-apron, composed of a series of bauds, x, carried by rollers y and z, is employed.

The holding-apronI is caused to move in harmony with the feeding-apron by gears aand b', respectively aiixed to the rollers l and z', the stalks being held between .the two aprons (as represented in the drawings) until they are delivered between the guide-stands u and c, before mentioned, and to facilitate the entrance of the stalks between the guidestands, their .upper ends are imbedded in recesses c'.

formedin the rollersl and y. l

The stalks, as they drop from the feeding apparatus, pass between the upper pair of rollers, by which they are partially crushed, and then descend to the lower pair, by which the crushing is completed, the

y latter pair being placed nearer together than the former pair, in proportion to the increased crushing action required. 4

As' the partially-,crushed stalks descend from the upper to the lower pair of rollers they are `guided in their descent by guide-bars d', aflixed tothe standards a, which guide-bars d', by having their upper edges incontact, or nearly in contact, with the surfaces of the upper rollers, (as represented in the drawings,) also serve as clear-ers to remove from the rollers the part-iallybrnsllcd stalks which may adhere to them.

. Bars j', similar to the bars df, just described, may be applied to the lower rollers (as represented in section in iig. 5) to clear od' the fully-crushed stalks, and

guide them in their descent to a moving endless apron, f, by which they may be :conveyed to the chemical hath before mentioned, or deposited in heaps. It will be ohvius to persons acquainted withme'- chanics that my invention 'may undergo many modi' iications without departing from its distinguishing p11'ncples,`as, for instance, the surfaces of the 'crushing-`rollers may be smooth, as represented. in the drawl ings, or they may be tinted, as may be most 'e`ective, and to increase their drawing action for separating the wood iibers-iof the stalks, the. surface of one of the rollers of 'each pair may be moved faster than-the l surface of the other roller.

' The number of 'pairs of rollers to be used may also be varied, according to thecondition and requirements of the stalks to be crushed, and the bearings in which theyfrevolve may be` made adjustable.. When two,

three, ,or more pairs are-required, the rollers of each 'succeeding pair should-be placed nearer together and 'driven faster than the preceding pair. l

y Instead, also, of'- rollersworking in pairs, as above described, one roller may be used,anda stationary guard or shell substituted for the other roller, as represented in section in iig. '6, the stalks k being compressed and drawn apart between the stationary guard' or' shell g' and miler c. t s I Instead, also, of the feeding land holding-aprons, above described, forl delivering' the stalks -k in succession, sidewise', to the crushing-rollers, ,endless chains,

with: guide-pins, may'. be substituted, as represented V in iig, `.7,-the'st salksvheing placed across the endless,

chains lr',betweenVV the guide-pins i', -andilcarried 'forward and delivered between the guidestands u and v, by which they are guided to the bite of the crushing-rollers. x l

Having described my-invention, and pointed ont some of the modifications of which it is susceptiblev withont departing from its distinguishing principles What I claim-as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

j 1,'1he feeding mechanism herein for re' c eiving and delivering in `succession the stalks to the crushing-rollers sidewise, substantially as specified. l

.Ialso claim, in combinationl with the iirst pair of the series of pairs of rollers forcrushin'g' Bamie and glimmendspecified.`

I also claim, in combination vwith two or more pairs of. crushing-rollers, arranged as herein described, guide-bars for clearing the stalks from the rollers and guiding them from one` of the `series to the next succeeding series, subtantially as specied.`

, V EBASTUS B. BIGELOW. A

Witnesses:

HERBEBTT. WHITMAN, DANIEL P. Norms.

of .the gearing of dierent diameters or speed, as

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