US1003144A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

T. J. LOFTUS.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. :26, 1910.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS J. LOIETUS, OF CASTELLA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES '1. LOFTUS, OF CASTELLA, CALIFORNIA, AND ONE-HALF TO HARMON BELL, OF

OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

TURBINE.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. Lorrus, a citizen of the United States, residing a Castella, in the county of Shasta and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to turbine motors.

It is the object of this invention to provide a turbine motor in which rotary motion is obtained from fluid pressure by means of disks, and in which the turbine vanes or buckets are mounted in concentric rings on the face or side of said disks.

A further object is to provide a turbine motor which is capable of generating high speed and power with a small volume of fluid pressure.

The invention consists of the parts, and the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section of the invention on the line at-m Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a section on the line g 3 Fig. 1, partly in elevation. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail showing the manner of mounting the turbine disks.

In the drawings A represents the turbine housing supported upon a suitable base as at B. The housing is made in two halves, which are bolted together as shown in Fig. 1. A shaft 2 extends centrally through the housing A, and is mounted in suitable bearings formed thereon. A hub or sleeve 3 is formed integral with one-half of the casing A, and extends inwardly along the shaft 2. A turbine disk 4 is loosely mounted on the sleeve 3, and a like disk 5 is keyed on the shaft 2. On the adjacent faces of the disks 4.-5 and extending at right angles thereto, are formed concentric rings or annular rows of vanes or buckets 6 and 7 respectively, the rings of vanes 6 on the disk t interlocking with the rings of vanes 7 on the disk 5, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The vanes on the disks are disposed in angular relation to the radii of the disks and are curved in the usual manner common in turbine construction, the vanes 6 on the disk 4 being curved in the opposite direction to the vanes 7 on the disk 5, as shown in Fig. 2, so that as fluid under pressure from the inner row of vanes flows toward the outer row, as later Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 26, 1910.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911. Serial No. 551,782.

described, the adjacent disks will be caused to revolve in opposite directions. As a means of transmitting power from one disk to the other, two or more pinions 8 are interposed between the disks, and are adapted to mesh with circular racks 9 formed on the face of each disk 4L-5. These pinions 8 are loosely mounted 'on spindles 10 which in turn are loosely mounted in the sleeve or hub 3, the spindles 1O retaining the pinions 8 in their relative positions so that when power is directed to either disk 47*15 to cause it to revolve, the revolution of that disk causes the other to revolve in the opposite direction through the pinions 8. The spindles 10 also act as separating rollers, and by reason of being interposed between the adjacent faces of the disks, prevent any possible binding of the pinions 8 in the racks 9.

An annular channel 11 is formed on the 1nner side of one of the casing members A, and has an inlet port 11 through which fluid under pressure may be admitted from any desired point exterior of the casing A. This channel 11 registers with annularly disposed perforations 12 in the disk 4: in such manner that the fluid under pressure will be directed against the disk 5 within the inner circle of vanes 7, from whence it is deflected outwardly at right angles so as to pass between the interlocking rows of vanes 6-7 on the disks 4-5 in a radial direction. The direction of force, tending to a straight line, acts against the inclined planes-of the vanes 6-7 so as to rotate the disks 4L5 in opposite directions as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. The fluid on emerging from the outer circle of vanes 6 on the disk 4, passes into an annular space 13 in the casing A from whence it is discharged through a suitable orifice 14.

End thrust bearings are interposed between the outside of the disks 45 and the casing A, and consist of runways 15 in which balls 16 are free to revolve, in the manner common to bearings of this nature.

The operation of the invention is as follows: Fluid under pressure being admitted to the interior of the casing A through the opening 11, it passes through the perforation 12 in the disk 4, and is thence directed outwardly in a radial direction, and acts to rotate the disks 4-5 in opposite directions, as before described. The power directed against the disk4 revolving on the hub 3 is transmitted to the disk 5 by means of the pinions, and vice versa, in such manner as to co-act in rotating the drive-shaft 2 through the disk 5 which is keyed thereon.

In some instances it may be found desirable to mount the turbine disk 4c rigidly on the hub 23, in which event the disk 5 alone would be rotated by the fluid pressure, striking against the buckets on the fixed disk 4, and deflecting again the buckets on the driving disk 5.

It is apparent that any number of disks can be mounted side by side so as to increase the unit of power. here more than a pair of disks are employed, all disks between the two outside disks 45, would have buckets on each face, thus forming double bucketed disks. It is also evident that the adjacent disks may be geared together in any desired manner other than that here shown, so as to accomplish the same result, of transmitting power from one disk to another.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1; In a fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a housing, a drive shaft extending through said housing, a sleeve fixed on said housing extending over said shaft, a pair of revoluble turbine disks, one of which is mounted on said sleeve and the other keyed to' said shaft, turbine buckets disposed at right 'angles on the adjacent faces of said disks, and arranged in concentric rings thereon, the rings of buckets on one disk eX- tending'between the rings of buckets on the opposite disk, and means whereby said disks are rotated in opposite directions to rotate said shaft.

2. In a fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a housing, a drive shaft extending through said housing, a sleeve fixed on said housing extending over said shaft, a pair of revoluble turbine .disks, one of which is mounted on said sleeve and the other keyed to said shaft, turbine buckets disposed at right angles on the adjacent faces of said disks, and arranged in concentric rings thereon, the rings of buckets on one disk ex- Copies of this patent may be obtained for tending between the rings of buckets on the opposite disk, means whereby said disks are rotated in opposite directions to rotate said shaft, said means including gear teeth upon the disk faces, and radially journaled pinions meshing with said gears.

8. A fluid pressure turbine consisting of a pair of disks with rings of buckets, each extending between those of the other disk and disposed to be driven in opposite directions, a shaft to which one disk is keyed, a hub through which the shaft passes, upon which hub the opposite disk is turnable, bevelgears upon the disk faces, shafts radiating from the hub, and pinions engaging the gears and turnable upon said shafts.

4. A fluid pressure turbine consisting of a pair of disks with rings of buckets, each extending between those of the other disk and disposed to be driven in opposite directions, a. shaft to which one disk is keyed, a hub through which the shaft passes, upon which hub the opposite disk is turnable, bevel gears upon the disk faces, radial shafts loosely turnable in the hub and forming distance bearings between the disks, and pinions turnable upon said shafts and engaging the opposing gears.

5. A fluid pressure turbine consisting of a pair of disks with rings of buckets, each extending between those of the other disk and disposed to be driven in opposite directions, a shaft to which one disk is keyed, a hub through which the shaft passes, upon which hub the opposite disk is turnable, a housing and antifrictional bearings exterior to the disks, radial shafts loosely turnable in the hub, and forming distance bearings between the inner faces of the disks, pinions turnable loosely upon said radial shafts and gears upon the disk faces, with which the pinions engage.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS J. LOFTUS.

lVit-nesses:

D. G. REID, MAUI) A. KESLER.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. 0-.

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