UA9040U - Device for processing of rubber waste - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for processing of rubber waste contains thermal reactor with the housing of cylindrical form, which has the working chamber, the means of loading of rubber waste located at the inlet of the working chamber, the means of discharge of liquid phase of the product of pyrolysis and the means of discharge of solid phase of the product of pyrolysis located placed at the outlet of working chamber. Heating device interacts with the reactor in the specific section of the surface of housing, moreover, the reactor is equipped with the means of accumulation and distribution of thermal energy over the surface of working chamber located on the external surface of reactor vessel. The means of discharge of liquid phase of the product of pyrolysis contains the cooler, the condenser of vapor phase and the separator of condensate into gaseous and liquid phases. Means of continuous supply of thermal energy into the working chamber of reactor is executed in the form of conduit, at least, one section of which is placed with possibility of direct contact with the heating device and has the outlet into the working chamber of reactor. In this case, in the appropriate zone of reactor vessel the inlet is executed, form and size of which correspond to the form and size of the cross section of conduit, moreover, the conduit and opening in the reactor vessel are hermetically connected. A section of conduit, which enters into the working chamber, is equipped with the means of uniform distribution of heat-transfer agent over the volume of working chamber. The reactor additionally contains the chamber of loading and is equipped with the means of supply of cooling fluid into the cooling chamber, which is located upstream and downstream of the working chamber respectively, with possibility of isolation from the working chamber with the help of the means of hermetic sealing. Means of loading of rubber waste and the means of discharge of solid phase of the product of pyrolysis is executed in the form of transportation means executed with possibility of completion of progressive displacement from the inlet of the reactor to its outlet on the guides. In this case, the reactor vessel in the zone of working chamber is contiguous with the heating device, and the reactor is mounted in such a manner that its axis is oriented horizontally.

Description

Description of the invention

The utility model relates to a device for processing industrial and household waste, primarily end-of-life rubber products 2 or rubber waste, such as used car tires, in particular by means of pyrolysis in a heat carrier medium.

The claimed device can be used in the most diverse areas of human life, for example, in the rubber industry, the fuel-energy complex, petrochemical industry, the petro-organosynthesis industry, as well as in the housing and communal economy to obtain fuel and raw materials. 70 At the same time, the claimed device provides effective and environmentally safe disposal of rubber-containing waste, as well as reuse of hydrocarbon-containing raw materials.

The problem of rubber waste disposal is becoming more and more urgent every day. Dumped or buried rubber waste, in particular worn tires, decomposes in natural conditions for at least 100 years. The contact of rubber waste with water (sedimentation, groundwater) is accompanied by the leaching of a number of toxic 72 organic compounds from them, which enter the soil and pollute the environment. Taking into account the annual volume of rubber waste only in the form of worn tires, which on a global scale is calculated by hundreds of thousands, the urgency of the problem of efficient and environmentally friendly processing of such waste becomes clear.

Currently, a large number of different methods of processing rubber waste are known, in particular, using the property of rubber to decompose in a certain environment, in particular under the influence of high temperature, with the formation of various phases of hydrocarbon-containing products.

There is a known method of processing worn tires, which includes loading tires into a high-temperature reactor, feeding gaseous hydrocarbon into the reactor and heating from 2502С to 4259 in the lower part of the reactor and from 1302С to 2902 in the upper part of the reactor with obtaining liquid and gaseous products and solid residue, as well as the appropriate device for the implementation of this method | (patent of the Russian Federation Mo2128196 C1, publ. 03/27/1999). The method is quite economical in terms of energy consumption, and the device has a fairly simple design. But, at the same time, the "acceleration" time (heating up to operating temperature) of the working chamber of the reactor remains significant. In addition, the method in the scope of the declared essential features cannot be implemented in a continuous mode, and when tires are loaded into the reactor and the solid residue is unloaded from the reactor, a certain amount of the working medium of the reactor is released into the environment, which may contain harmful impurities, for example in about the type of tire pyrolysis products of the previous (when loading) or current (when unloading) cycle. AND

The disadvantage is also the high temperature of the solid residue obtained at the outlet of the reactor.

Most of the other known devices designed for the processing of rubber waste by pyrolysis, to one degree or another, are also not devoid of the above-mentioned disadvantages. Ge")

The device for processing, in particular pyrolysis, rubber waste, in particular worn car tires | application RB Mo1018 dated 25.11.1993, publ. 15.12.1995). The device has a thermal reactor with a cylindrical body containing a working chamber, a means of loading rubber waste, placed at the entrance of the working chamber, a means of removing the liquid phase of the pyrolysis product and a means of extracting the solid phase of the pyrolysis product, located at the exit of the working chamber, and a heating device, which interacts with the reactor on a certain part of the surface of the housing, and the reactor is equipped with a means of accumulating and distributing thermal energy along the 70 surface of the working chamber, located on the outer surface of the reactor housing, a means of removing the liquid phase from the pyrolysis product contains a cooler, a gaseous phase condenser and a separator. condensate into gaseous and liquid phases.

In the described device, attempts are made to further increase the efficiency of the pyrolysis process, to increase the output of final products, to reduce energy costs due to the reuse of pyrolysis products in the process, with 15, however, in general, they still have the disadvantages mentioned above in connection with the description of a similar devices from the state of the art. (ав) Thus, the task of creating this useful model is the development of a device for processing rubber waste 1" by pyrolysis in a heat carrier medium in a continuous cyclic mode. The proposed device should provide the possibility of reusing various working and technological environments, as well as 62 50 pyrolysis products from previous cycles, as well as a reduction in energy intensity and a significant reduction (up to complete elimination) of emissions of harmful substances into the environment.

The task is solved by the proposed device for processing rubber waste, which contains a thermal reactor, the body of which has a cylindrical shape, containing a working chamber, a means of loading rubber waste, located at the entrance of the working chamber, a means of removing the liquid phase of the pyrolysis product and a means

With the extraction of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product, located at the outlet of the working chamber, and a heating device that interacts with the reactor on a certain area of the surface of the housing, and the reactor is equipped with a means of accumulating and distributing thermal energy over the surface of the working chamber, located on the outer surface of the reactor housing, means of removal of the liquid phase of the prolysis product contains a cooler, a condenser of the gaseous phase and a condensate separator into gaseous and liquid phases, while the device additionally contains a means of continuous supply of thermal energy 60 into the working chamber of the reactor, made in the form of a pipeline, at least one section of which is located with the possibility of direct contact with heating device and has an outlet into the working chamber of the reactor, and in the corresponding zone of the reactor housing, an inlet is made, the shape and size of which correspond to the shape and size of the cross section of the pipeline, while the pipeline and the opening in the reactor housing are hermetically connected, and the section of the pipeline , which is included in the working chamber is equipped with a means of uniform distribution 69 of the coolant over the volume of the working chamber, the reactor additionally contains a charging chamber and a cooling chamber,

equipped with a means of supplying the cooling medium, which are located before and after the working chamber, respectively, with the possibility of isolation from the working chamber using a sealing means, a means of loading rubber waste and a means of extracting the solid phase of the pyrolysis product is made in the form of a vehicle made of

The possibility of translational movement from the entrance of the reactor to its exit on the guides, while the reactor body in the area of the working chamber is made adjacent to the heating device on an area that is up to 7090 of the total surface area of the body in the area of the working chamber, and the reactor is installed so that its the axis is oriented horizontally.

In the preferred embodiment of the device, the section of the pipeline entering the working chamber contains, 7/0, at least one branch, while each of the pipeline branches is located horizontally near the bottom part of the working chamber and as a means of evenly distributing the steam over the volume of the working chamber has , at least one pair of outlet openings, made with the possibility of releasing steam jets at an angle of approximately 452 relative to the horizontal plane and approximately 902 one relative to the other. This design ensures uniform distribution of the heat carrier, which continuously enters the working chamber, uniformly in translation throughout the volume 75 of the working chamber. At the same time, the placement of pipeline branches with outlet holes in the bottom area of the working chamber ensures the continuous passage of the coolant in the upward flow through the layer of rubber waste placed on the vehicle.

The means of supplying the cooling coolant, preferably, can be made in the form of at least one atomizer of the cooling liquid. To obtain finely dispersed phases of sprayed liquid, the atomizer can be made, for example, in the form of a nozzle with the appropriate size of outlet holes.

In the claimed device, the vehicle can be made, preferably, in the form of transport carts, and most preferably contains 4 groups of transport carts, most preferably 4 carts in each group, which move progressively from the reactor entrance to its exit on guides made , for example in the form of rails. The presence of four groups of carts ensures the implementation of a method of processing rubber waste in a continuous mode. At the same time, it should be obvious to specialists in this field of technology that other forms of implementation of the vehicle and the corresponding guides can be proposed. in

Below, a useful model is explained with reference to the positions of the drawings, which schematically present:

Fig. 1 - the process of processing rubber waste in accordance with one of the possible preferred options for the method of processing rubber waste using one of the possible preferred options for implementing the device that "3 is claimed;

Fig. 2 - one of the possible preferred options for the implementation of a means of continuous supply of thermal energy to the C working chamber of the reactor; aw!

Fig. 3 is one of the possible preferred options for the distribution of the heat carrier using a means of uniform distribution of the heat carrier over the volume of the working chamber. b

Figure 1 schematically shows loading hopper 1, reactor 2, carts 3, 4, 5, 6, which are at different stages of the technological process (C - cart at the loading stage, 4 - cart at the pyrolysis stage, 5 - cart at the cooling stage , 6 - trolley at the stage of unloading), airlocks 7, 8, 9, 10 (7 - airlock « entrance to the reactor, 8 - airlock loading chamber - working chamber", 9 - airlock - working chamber - cooling chamber" , 10 - sluice gate of the reactor outlet), guides 11, along which the carriages 3, 4, 5 and 6 move forward under the action of the pushers 12 into the loading chamber 13, the working chamber 14, with the cooling chamber 15 and to the unloading hopper 16, the heating device, made in the form of a furnace 17. The furnace 17 is preferably installed in the zone of the working chamber 14 of the reactor 2 in such a way that it is adjacent to the body "" of the reactor 2, approximately, on 7095 of the surface area of the reactor 2 in the zone of the working chamber 14, which ensures a significant reduction in losses heat when transferred from the furnace 17 in working chamber 14. The device also contains a smoke hood 18 and a chimney 19. Pipeline 20, through which superheated steam is supplied directly to the working chamber 14, (Ce) contains a section 21 passed through the furnace 17, and a section 22 that enters the working chamber 14 The cooling chamber 15 contains nozzles 23 for spraying the cooling liquid, in this case - water. The working chamber 14 is equipped with a gas analyzer 24, a barometer 25 and a temperature sensor 26. The composition of the device also includes heat exchangers 27 and 28 with temperature sensors 29, 30, respectively, and collectors 31, 32 for liquid products, separator 33 for separating the solid phase of the pyrolysis product, collector 34 for metal and collector c 35 for carbon residue and lifting faucet 36. Placement of the temperature sensor 37 is also provided in the cooling chamber 15. From the working chamber 14, the removal of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product to the heat exchanger 27 is carried out through the pipeline 38, equipped with a flow meter. In addition, branches 39 and 40 of pipeline 38 are connected to loading chamber 13 and cooling chamber 15, respectively. Pipeline 20 for supplying superheated steam to

SCH 55 working chamber 14 is equipped in the area located outside the furnace 17 with a tap 41, and in the area included in the working chamber 14 - means 42 for uniform distribution of the coolant throughout the volume of the working chamber.

Reactor 2 is installed in such a way that its axis 43 is oriented horizontally.

In more detail, one of the possible preferred options for the implementation of a means of continuous supply of thermal energy to the working chamber 14 of reactor 2 in the form of a section 22 of the pipeline 20 entering the working chamber 14 is presented in Fig.2. The section 22 of the pipeline 20 contains two branches 44 and 45, which are horizontally, and in this implementation example, parallel to each other, located in the bottom region of the working chamber 14. Plugs 46 are installed on the ends of the branches 44 and 45, and on the surface sections of the branches 44 and 45, which are opposite the bottom part of the reactor 2, a large number of pairs of outlet holes 47 are made. The location of the holes 47 is chosen in such a way that the release of coolant jets from a pair of outlet holes 47 is carried out at an angle o, which is 65, preferably approximately 452 relative to the horizontal plane, in which the axis 43 of the reactor is placed, that is, preferably at an angle of 902 relative to one another.

The device also provides a tap 48, which controls the supply of the purified steam-gas mixture to the furnace 17 again.

The claimed device works as follows (on the example of one non-initial cycle of a continuous technological process).

Rubber waste is loaded from hopper 1 into cart Z, the sluice gate 7 (reactor entrance) is opened, and with the help of a pusher 12, cart Z is pushed into loading chamber 13, after which gate 7 (reactor entrance) is closed and gate 8 (loading chamber - working chamber) is opened ). Then the trolley with the pusher 12 is pushed into the working chamber 14 and the shutter 8 is closed (loading chamber - working chamber). Shutter 9 7/0 (working chamber - cooling chamber) is also closed. Fuel, for example, firewood, is fed into the furnace 17. Fuel combustion products after filtering from the furnace 17 are discharged into the chimney 19, while the heat of combustion is transferred through the reactor body 2 to the working chamber 14.

With the help of the tap 41, the supply of saturated steam to the pipeline 20 is regulated. Passing through the pipeline 20, the steam in the section 21 of the pipeline 20, located in the furnace 17, is heated to a temperature of 7/5 From 2802C to 75020. Due to the high temperature regime of both the external and internal environment, the pipeline 20 is made of heat-resistant pipes and can be made, for example, in the form of a flat coil.

The superheated saturated water vapor then flows directly into the working chamber 14. For this, the pipeline 20 has a section 22 that enters the cavity of the working chamber 14 in the bottom region of the working chamber 14. In the described implementation example, the section 22 has two branches 44 and 45, located horizontally under guides 11, and therefore under the cart 4 located in the working chamber 14. The superheated steam spreads first in the bottom region of the working chamber, and then in the upward flow passes through the rubber waste placed on the cart 4. To improve permeability, the bottom of the cart 4 can be made of a grid and equipped with a pallet. The arrival of superheated steam in the working chamber 14 of reactor 2 in a continuous mode ensures the active flow of the pyrolysis process.

Placing the pipeline 20 directly in the furnace 17 allows steam to be heated to a high temperature and the most efficient transfer of heat with the flow of steam from the furnace 17 to the working chamber 14. c)

Using the tap 41, changing the flow of superheated steam entering the working chamber 14, it is possible to adjust the temperature in the working chamber 14 to ensure the optimal temperature of the pyrolysis process of rubber waste. Ha")

The rubber waste, located on the cart 4 in the working chamber 14, is heated to a temperature of about 400-5002С, as a result of which the process of pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) occurs with the formation of solid and gaseous phases of pyrolysis products. The number of products formed in the working chamber 14 in the process of pyrolysis "From the gaseous phase is controlled by the readings of the gas analyzer 24, and the temperature of waste heating is controlled using the temperature sensor 26. When the temperature in the working chamber 14 drops below F 4002С, the fuel supply to the furnace 17 is increased, and when the temperature rises above 5002С, the fuel supply to the furnace 17 is reduced, with the help of the hood 18, the amount of combustion products removed to the chimney is reduced and the steam supply through the pipeline 20 is increased.

The gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product of rubber waste in a mixture with water vapor is fed through the pipeline 38 with a wide flow meter into the heat exchanger 27, where as a result of heat exchange with flowing water, they are cooled and partially condensed. At the same time, depending on the given conditions (for example, if it is necessary to isolate a fraction with a boiling temperature not lower than 2002), ensure such a flow of cooling water through the heat exchanger 27, "" at which the exiting steam-gas mixture will have a temperature of 2002C. Temperature control of the exiting mixture " from the heat exchanger 27, monitored by the readings of the temperature sensor 29.

Condensed products (liquid phase) from the heat exchanger 27 are drained to the collector 31 for liquid products.

Next, the non-condensed steam-gas mixture is fed into the second heat exchanger 28, where, as a result of heat exchange with heat, running water, the temperature of the mixture is set at 1002 and above. Temperature control is carried out according to av | by the readings of the temperature sensor 30. The temperature of 1002C and above is set by adjusting the flow of cooling water in order to prevent condensation of water vapor. In the case of water vapor condensation, condensate contaminated with rubber waste decomposition products is formed, a large amount of s 250 heat is released (2300 kJ per 1 Tkg of condensed steam), which must be removed, for which a large flow of cooling water should be provided.

From the second heat exchanger 28, the steam-gas mixture with a temperature of 1009C and above is taken to the furnace 17 and burned. The supply of the steam-gas mixture is regulated by valve 48. In this way, the release of contaminated condensate into the environment and the heat of combustion of low-boiling waste decomposition products are prevented

So" is used for energy supply of the process. At the same time, fuel consumption is also reduced.

Condensed products (liquid) from the heat exchanger 28 are drained into the collector 32 for liquid products.

After the end of the waste decomposition process (after the cessation of the release of gaseous products from the waste, which is set according to the readings of the gas analyzer 24), the sluice gate 9 is opened and, with the help of the pusher 12, the cart 4 with the solid phase of the pyrolysis product, which includes a solid carbon residue and a metal cord, 60 is moved to cooling chamber 15, after which shutter 9 is closed.

After moving the cart 4 into the cooling chamber 15 with the help of a pump (not shown in the drawings), water is supplied through the nozzles 23 and sprayed on the solid phase of the pyrolysis product placed on the cart 5.

The temperature of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product is monitored according to the readings of the temperature sensor 37, and when the temperature is set to T-150-1702C (this temperature level allows you to remove the cart 5 with the solid phase of the pyrolysis product from the cooling chamber 15 without ignition), stop irrigation, open the sluice gate 10 and with the help of a pusher 12, the trolley 5 is pushed out of the cooling chamber 15 and sent for unloading. To unload the cart 5, the hatches in its bottom are opened, and the solid phase of the pyrolysis product under the action of its own weight falls into the unloading hopper 16 and further into the separator 33, where the metal is separated from the carbon component and discharged into the collector 34, and the carbon component is discharged into the collector 35. After unloading, the cart 5 is moved to the bunker 1 using the lifting crane 36 and the cycle is repeated.

It should also be noted that even when the airlocks 8 and 9 are opened for a short time, the steam-gas medium leaks into the loading chamber 13 and into the cooling chamber 15. To dispose of the steam-gas medium, the loading chamber 13 and the cooling chamber 15 are equipped with outlets to the branches 39 and 40, respectively, of the pipeline 38 for the removal of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product.

At the same time, it should be taken into account that the description of the full cycle of the technological process was given only for one trolley, while at the same time all four trolleys participate in the technological process, and the transition of the trolleys to the further stages of the technological process is carried out simultaneously.

Below are examples of rubber waste processing using the claimed device. These examples should be considered only as illustrative material confirming the advantages of the claimed device, and not as the only possible implementation options limiting the applicant's claims.

Example 1

Used tires are processed according to the technological process scheme described above.

350 kg of rubber waste (worn tires) are loaded into each trolley C and one recycling cycle is carried out.

280 kg of firewood (moisture 2095, ash content 295, calorific value 14 MJ/kg) is loaded into furnace 17. For the complete combustion of firewood in furnace 17, it is necessary to supply 4.5 mm of air per 1 kg of firewood, i.e. 1575 m of air for 2 hours. When firewood is burned, 5.3m Z/kg of combustion products are formed, which as a result is 1484m Z. The consumption of firewood is determined as follows: - for heating the elements of the device - 157kg; Z - for overheating З5Okg of steam (T-5002С) - 25kg; - to ensure heating up to 5002C and thermal decomposition of 35Okg of rubber waste - 42kg.

Thus, the total consumption of firewood for the energy supply of the process (taking into account 25905 heat losses) is: (157kgn42kgi25Kg) x 1.25-280kKg

The temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the working chamber 14 through the pipeline 20 is 50020. o

The temperature in the working chamber 14 is maintained at the level of 50020. Ge»!

According to the readings of the gas analyzer 24 and the flow meter of the pipeline 38, control of the flow of the process is carried out

From pyrolysis.

For example, according to the obtained readings of the gas analyzer 24, the concentration of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product is 0.1458 kg/m?, and the consumption of the steam-gas mixture according to the readings of the flow meter of the pipeline 38 is b00m3/g. At the same time, the total output of the gaseous phase of the rubber waste pyrolysis product is 20,175 kg, that is, 5,095 of the initial amount of 35,000 kg. Thus, under constant conditions, 140 kg of decomposition products will be removed from the working chamber in the time: (175 kg)0.1458 kg/m 3600 m3/g)-2 hours. Thus, in this example, the intensity of heat supply to rubber waste ensures their complete decomposition within a given time of 2 hours.

In the case when the calculations show that the full decomposition time is more than the specified one, it is necessary to intensify

Te) the process of heat exchange by any of the methods described above so as to obtain a given decomposition time of 2 hours.

The gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product of rubber waste in a mixture with water vapor with a flow rate of b00m/g is fed into the heat exchanger 27, where as a result of heat exchange with running water, they are cooled to a temperature of 2502C, t" as a result of which 79905 of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product is condensed, i.e. 55.3Zkg /g. at 50 The uncondensed steam-gas mixture is fed into the second heat exchanger 28, where as a result of heat exchange with flowing water, the temperature of the mixture is set at 1932С0. As a result, another 7.7 kg/g of the gaseous phase of the rubber waste pyrolysis product is condensed.

From the second heat exchanger 28, the non-condensed steam-gas mixture with a temperature of 1932C is discharged through the tap 48 in the amount of 199.5 kg/g into the furnace 17 and burned.

WITH; o In this case, /kg/g of pyrolysis products with a heat of combustion of 40 MJ/kg and 17.5 kg/g of non-condensable gases with a heat of combustion of ZOmMJ/kg are burned. The total amount of heat obtained from the combustion of products of decomposition of rubber waste will be ZVO5MJ/g.

When burning 14Okg/g of firewood (280kg of firewood is consumed in 2h), 1960 MJ/g of heat is released.

Thus, the consumption of firewood decreases to the value: (1960MJ//-805MJ/g)/14MJ/kg-82.5kg/g.

The consumption of water for irrigation of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product is determined by the weight of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product, its initial temperature and the set final temperature. In our case, the weight of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product is 175 kg, its initial temperature is 5002С, the specified final temperature is 1502С, the specific heat capacity is 1.3kJ/kges. because in this case, to cool the solid phase, it is necessary to remove heat in the amount of 79625 kJ. Heat is removed as a result of heating and evaporation of water. Thus, to remove this amount of heat, it is necessary (provided that the initial water temperature is 202C) to apply 30.2 kg of water for irrigation.

The calculations presented in the example demonstrate the high efficiency of the technical solution, which is claimed, first of all, from the point of view of reducing energy consumption and emission of pollutants into the environment.

Example 2

Used tires are processed according to the technological process scheme described above.

1,000 kg of rubber waste (shredded to the size of 300-400 mm used tires) is loaded into each trolley C and one recycling cycle is carried out.

40 kg of firewood (moisture 1095, ash content 295, calorific value 16 MJ/kg) are loaded into furnace 17. For the complete combustion of firewood in furnace 17, it is necessary to supply 5m of air per kg of firewood, i.e. 2000m 3. During firewood combustion, 5.8m/kg of combustion products are formed, which will amount to 2320m 3 as a result.

Firewood consumption is determined as follows: - for heating the elements of the device - 157 kg; - for overheating 100Okg of steam (T-5002С) - 7Okg; - to ensure heating up to 5002C and thermal decomposition of 1000kg of rubber waste - 118Kkg.

Thus, the total consumption of firewood for the energy supply of the process (taking into account 1695 heat losses) will be (157kg-118kg and 7Okg) x 1.16-4O0kg

The temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the working chamber 14 through the pipeline 20 is 50020.

The temperature in the working chamber 14 is maintained at 50020.

For example, according to the readings of the gas analyzer 24 and the flow meter of the pipeline 38, the flow of the pyrolysis process is monitored.

According to the obtained readings of the gas analyzer 24, the concentration of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product is

О.10Okg/m В, and the consumption of the steam-gas mixture according to the flow meter of pipeline 38 is 2000m3/h. At -

Therefore, the total output of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product of rubber waste is 40Okg, i.e. 4095 from the initial amount of 100Okg. Thus, under constant conditions, 400 kg of decomposition products will be removed from the working chamber in time: 20 (400 kg)0.10Okg/m Х2000m 3/g)-2 hours.

Thus, in this example, the intensity of heat supply to rubber waste ensures its complete decomposition within a given time of 2 hours. at

If the calculations show that the total decomposition time is longer than the specified one, the heat exchange process should be intensified by any of the methods described above so as to obtain the specified decomposition time of 2 hours. b"

The gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product of rubber waste mixed with water vapor with a consumption of 2000 mg is fed into the heat exchanger 27, where as a result of heat exchange with running water, they are cooled to a temperature of 2502C, as a result of which 79905 of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product is condensed, i.e. 138.25 kg/g. "

The uncondensed steam-gas mixture is fed into the second heat exchanger 28, where as a result of heat exchange with flowing water, the temperature of the mixture is set at 193920. As a result, 19.25 kg/g of the gaseous phase of the pyrolysis product of rubber waste is condensed. c From the second heat exchanger 28, the non-condensed steam-gas mixture with a temperature of 1932С is discharged through the tap 48 in the amount of 567.5 kg/g into the furnace 17 and burned. » In this case, 19.25 kg/g of pyrolysis products with a heat of combustion of 40 OMJ/kg and 25 kg/g of non-condensable gases with a heat of combustion of ZOmMJ/kg are burned. The total amount of heat obtained from burning rubber waste decomposition products will be 1520 MJ/g. When burning 200 kg/g of firewood (400 kg of firewood) is consumed in 2 h), 2800 MJ/g of heat is released. o Thus, the consumption of firewood decreases to the value: (2800MJ/g-1520MJ/g)/14MJ/kg-91 4kg/g. i- Water consumption for irrigation of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product is determined by the weight of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product, its initial temperature and the specified final temperature. In our case, the weight of the solid phase of the pyrolysis product is bOOkg, its initial temperature is 5002С, the specified final temperature is 1502С, the specific heat capacity is 1.3kJ/kges.

In this case, to cool the solid phase, it is necessary to remove heat in the amount of 273,000 kJ. Heat is removed as a result of heating and evaporation of water. Thus, to remove this amount of heat

WITH; o55 it is necessary (provided that the initial water temperature is 202C) to apply 103.5 kg of water for irrigation.

The calculations presented in the example, as in the previous example, also demonstrate the high efficiency of the technical solution, which is claimed, first of all, from the point of view of reducing energy consumption and emission of pollutants into the environment.

The claimed device for processing rubber waste has been tested in the conditions of experimental 60 production and differs favorably from known ones in terms of improved specific energy consumption for the waste processing process, as well as lower emissions of harmful substances into the environment.

Claims (5)

The formula of the invention b5 1. A device for processing rubber waste, containing a thermal reactor with a cylindrical body, which has a working chamber, means for loading rubber waste, located at the entrance of the working chamber, means for removing the liquid phase of the pyrolysis product, and means for extracting the solid phase of the pyrolysis product, located at the outlet working chamber, and a heating device that interacts with the reactor on a certain area of the surface of the housing, and the reactor is equipped with a means of accumulating and distributing thermal energy over the surface of the working chamber, located on the outer surface of the reactor housing, a means of removing the liquid phase of the pyrolysis product contains a cooler, a gaseous phase condenser and a separator of condensate into gaseous and liquid phases, which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains a means of continuous supply of thermal energy into the working chamber 7/o of the reactor, made in the form of a pipeline, at least one section of which is placed with the possibility of direct contact with the heating device and has an outlet in working camera reactor, and in the corresponding zone of the reactor body, an inlet is made, the shape and size of which correspond to the shape and size of the cross section of the pipeline, and the pipeline and the hole in the reactor body are hermetically connected, and the section of the pipeline that enters the working chamber is equipped with a means of evenly distributing the coolant along of the volume of the working chamber, /5 reactor additionally contains a loading chamber and a cooling chamber equipped with a means of supplying a cooling coolant, which are located before and after the working chamber, respectively, with the possibility of isolation from the working chamber using a sealing means, a means of loading rubber waste and a means of extracting solid phase of the pyrolysis product is made in the form of a vehicle, made with the possibility of translational movement from the reactor entrance to its exit on guides, and the reactor body in the area of the working chamber is made adjacent to the heating device, and the reactor is installed so that its axis is oriented horizontally ontally 2. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the section of the pipeline entering the working chamber contains at least one branch, while each of the pipeline branches is located horizontally in the bottom section of the working chamber and as a means of evenly distributing steam throughout the volume of the working chamber the chamber is equipped with at least one pair of outlet openings, made with the possibility of releasing steam jets at an angle of approximately 459 relative to the horizontal plane and approximately 902 relative to each other. WITH C. The device according to any one of claims 1, 2, which is characterized by the fact that the means of supplying the cooling coolant is made in the form of at least one atomizer of the cooling liquid. 4. The device according to any of claims 1-3, which is characterized by the fact that the vehicle is made in the form of an av! transport carts. h 5. The device according to claim 4, which is characterized by the fact that the vehicle contains 4 groups of transport carts. "c) (o) . and? se) («c) sh» (42) So 60 b5