TWI822580B - Downsizing electric bicycle booster - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種縮小電動自行車助力裝置,包括諧波減速機構、線性致動器、左側定軸、右側定軸與輪轂外殼,並藉由支撐和連接配件組裝而成,其中線性致動器裝置於諧波減速機構的內部中空的空間,並鎖固於左側定軸和右側定軸,該線性致動器具有複數個徑向執行桿沿著周向依序以徑向端兩個執行桿來驅動諧波減速機構。與市面上或其它公告的發明專利採用內轉子式或外轉子式輪轂電機來帶動齒輪減速機構的電動自行車助力裝置技術相比較,明顯具有軸向尺寸縮小功效。 A miniature electric bicycle power-assisting device, including a harmonic deceleration mechanism, a linear actuator, a left fixed shaft, a right fixed shaft and a hub shell, and is assembled by supporting and connecting accessories, in which the linear actuator is installed in the harmonic deceleration The internal hollow space of the mechanism is locked to the left fixed axis and the right fixed axis. The linear actuator has a plurality of radial actuating rods along the circumferential direction and uses two radial end actuating rods to drive the harmonic deceleration. institution. Compared with the electric bicycle power-assist device technology on the market or other announced patents, which uses an inner-rotor or outer-rotor hub motor to drive a gear reduction mechanism, it clearly has the effect of reducing the axial size.
Description
本發明係有關於一種縮小電動自行車助力裝置,尤指一種可以實現更小型化、輕量化並提升助力效果的電動自行車助力裝置之技術。 The present invention relates to a miniaturized power-assisting device for electric bicycles, and in particular, to a technology of an electric bicycle power-assisting device that can achieve smaller size, lighter weight and improve the power-assisting effect.
由於環保加上之前疫情的影響,世界各大城市鼓勵市民以自行車作為交通工具,而當上下班或休閒目的地距離較遠或是路途有上坡路段的騎乘人,具有電機助力裝置的電動自行車更符合需求。 Due to environmental protection and the impact of previous epidemics, major cities around the world encourage citizens to use bicycles as transportation. When commuting or leisure destinations are far away or there are uphill sections on the road, electric bicycles with motor assist devices More in line with needs.
目前市面上通用的電動自行車助力裝置乃使用輪轂電機(輪轂馬達),可區分成外轉子式輪轂電機與內轉子式輪轂電機,又根據電機裡是否經過齒輪減速機構而區分成無齒輪轂電機與有齒輪轂電機。市售常用的有齒外轉子式輪轂電機裡的齒輪減速機構實際都是採用簡單定心齒輪系,包含太陽齒輪(輸入輪)、三個中間的惰輪和圈齒(輸出輪),因此其減速比不高,例如具21齒的太陽齒輪和具93齒的圈齒其減速比才-4.4。新型專利第M484555號『具單向功能的自行車助力馬達』採用複式齒輪系內轉子式輪轂電機,銷接在同一軸的大徑齒部與小徑齒部分別與太陽齒輪(輸入輪)和齒圈(輸 出輪)嚙合,此種複式齒輪系的減速比經由配齒(如太陽齒輪20齒帶動大徑齒部60齒,與大徑齒部一起轉動的小徑齒部20齒帶動齒圈93齒)可以得到比簡單定心齒輪系較高減速比(約-14),但也需要大的齒輪配合。可見市面上輪轂電機的齒輪減速機構其減速與提升轉矩效果不佳,致使爬長陡坡較沒力。 Currently, the commonly used power-assisting devices for electric bicycles on the market use hub motors (hub motors), which can be divided into outer-rotor hub motors and inner-rotor hub motors. They can also be divided into gearless hub motors and inner-rotor hub motors according to whether there is a gear reduction mechanism in the motor. There are gear hub motors. The gear reduction mechanism in commonly used toothed external rotor hub motors on the market actually uses a simple centering gear system, including a sun gear (input wheel), three intermediate idler gears and ring teeth (output wheel), so its The reduction ratio is not high. For example, the reduction ratio of a sun gear with 21 teeth and a ring gear with 93 teeth is only -4.4. New Patent No. M484555 "Bicycle power-assist motor with one-way function" uses a compound gear train inner rotor hub motor. The large-diameter gear part and the small-diameter gear part are pinned to the same shaft and are connected to the sun gear (input wheel) and gear respectively. circle (lose The reduction ratio of this compound gear system is through the matching teeth (for example, the 20 teeth of the sun gear drive the 60 teeth of the large-diameter gear, and the 20 teeth of the small-diameter gear that rotates together with the large-diameter gear drive the 93 teeth of the ring gear) A higher reduction ratio (approximately -14) can be obtained than a simple center gear train, but it also requires a large gear fit. It can be seen that the gear reduction mechanism of the hub motor on the market has poor deceleration and torque improvement effects, making it difficult to climb long and steep slopes.
無太陽輪的少齒差的行星齒輪減速機構相較有太陽輪的定心輪系(含簡單與複式齒輪系)有較高的減速比,因此可以大大提升輪轂電機的輸出轉矩的效果,而且齒數可以較小,即較小的體積與重量。無太陽輪的少齒差一階行星齒輪減速機構包含擺線針輪減速機、諧波減速機、一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速機構。因此發明專利第I694951號『擺線齒輪傳動機於電動自行車助力系統』採用內轉子式馬達和擺線針輪減速機;發明專利第I694952號『電動自行車電動補助力之諧波齒輪傳動機構』採用內轉子式馬達和諧波減速機;發明專利第I773222號『具一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速傳動機構之內轉子式輪轂電機的電動自行車助力裝置』採用內轉子式馬達和一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速機構;發明專利第I786567號『具一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速傳動機構之外轉子式輪轂電機的電動自行車助力裝置』採用外轉子式馬達和一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速機構。 The planetary gear reduction mechanism without sun gear and small tooth difference has a higher reduction ratio than the center gear train with sun gear (including simple and compound gear trains), so it can greatly improve the output torque effect of the hub motor. Moreover, the number of teeth can be smaller, which means smaller volume and weight. The first-order planetary gear reduction mechanism with small tooth difference without sun gear includes cycloidal pinwheel reducer, harmonic reducer, and first-order involute small tooth difference planetary gear reduction mechanism. Therefore, the invention patent No. I694951 "Cycloidal gear transmission in electric bicycle power assist system" adopts an inner rotor motor and a cycloidal pinwheel reducer; the invention patent No. I694952 "Harmonic gear transmission mechanism for electric power assistance of electric bicycles" adopts Inner-rotor motor and harmonic reducer; Invention Patent No. I773222 "Electric bicycle power-assisting device with inner-rotor hub motor with first-order involute small-tooth-difference planetary gear reduction transmission mechanism" uses an inner-rotor motor and a first-order involute Open-line small-tooth-difference planetary gear reduction mechanism; Invention Patent No. I786567 "Electric bicycle power-assisting device with first-order involute small-tooth-difference planetary gear reduction transmission mechanism and external rotor hub motor" uses an external rotor motor and a first-order Involute small tooth difference planetary gear reduction mechanism.
雖然諧波減速機製造成本較高,但就一階少齒差行星齒輪減速機構而言,諧波減速機的優勢在於它帶動行星輪(輸出柔輪)的輸入軸使用凸輪軸為對心軸,即輸出軸與輸入軸皆同 一軸,不像一階擺線針輪減速機和一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速機構帶動行星輪的為偏心軸(銷),因此諧波減速機不需要像一階擺線針輪減速機和一階漸開線少齒差行星齒輪減速機構須要額外的孔銷接合的等速對心機構將偏心軸的旋轉運動轉為對心軸的旋轉輸出運動,這也是為什麼諧波減速機目前被工業界大量採用的原因。 Although the manufacturing cost of the harmonic reducer is relatively high, as far as the first-order small-tooth-difference planetary gear reduction mechanism is concerned, the advantage of the harmonic reducer is that the input shaft that drives the planetary gear (output flexspline) uses the camshaft as the centering axis. , that is, both the output shaft and the input shaft are the same One axis, unlike the first-order cycloidal pinwheel reducer and the first-order involute small-tooth-difference planetary gear reduction mechanism, the planetary gear is driven by the eccentric shaft (pin), so the harmonic reducer does not need to be like the first-order cycloidal pinwheel. The reducer and the first-order involute small-tooth-difference planetary gear reduction mechanism require an additional hole-pin jointed constant-velocity centering mechanism to convert the rotational motion of the eccentric shaft into the rotational output motion of the spindle. This is why the harmonic reducer The reason why it is currently widely adopted by the industry.
發明專利第I694952號『電動自行車電動補助力之諧波齒輪傳動機構』中的殼體10並非用來帶動電動自行車的輪圈轉動,而是用來鎖固電機端側蓋與剛輪30,以及用於固定內部零件,中空軸70為馬達內轉子21帶動,並藉由套設於該中空軸的凸輪環80與柔性軸承42帶動輸出盤50,惟旋轉輸出的構件只有右側的輸出盤50與端蓋51之結合,僅一側的輸出盤50與端蓋51之結合如何藉由幅條連接輪框帶動中心輪圈轉動,該發明內容並未說明這點,另外馬達帶動中空軸70做為旋轉中心軸,但該發明內容並未有連接到車架的前叉、後叉的輪轂中心定軸,或者具體說明其殼體10(固定件)如何安裝固定接合於車架的前叉、後叉或者車架何處。此外,該發明專利以及其他前述三樣發明專利皆採用內轉子式或外轉子式輪轂電機來帶動齒輪減速機的電動自行車助力裝置仍有體積過大的缺點(可參閱各發明專利的剖視圖中馬達或輪轂電機配置便知)。
The casing 10 in the invention patent No. I694952 "Harmonic gear transmission mechanism for electric power assist of electric bicycles" is not used to drive the rim of the electric bicycle to rotate, but to lock the motor end side cover and the rigid wheel 30, and For fixing internal parts, the hollow shaft 70 is driven by the
本發明主要係針對發明專利第I694952號『電動自行車電動補助力之諧波齒輪傳動機構』上述的不足以及使用內轉子式輪轂電機來帶動諧波齒輪減速機構的電動自行車助力裝置仍有 體積過大的缺點所為的全新發明。 The present invention is mainly aimed at the above-mentioned shortcomings of the invention patent No. I694952 "Harmonic gear transmission mechanism for electric power assist of electric bicycles" and the existing problems of the electric bicycle power assist device using an inner rotor hub motor to drive the harmonic gear reduction mechanism. A brand new invention caused by the disadvantage of excessive size.
本發明的主要目的在於提供一種縮小電動自行車助力裝置,主要是將線性致動器取代內轉子式輪轂電機來帶動諧波齒輪減速機構的電動自行車助力裝置,由於助力裝置軸向配置上無須輪轂電機,因此軸向尺寸可以縮小,更能實現小型化、輕量化,並仍維持提升助力之效果。 The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reduced electric bicycle power assist device, which mainly replaces the inner rotor hub motor with a linear actuator to drive the harmonic gear reduction mechanism. Since the power assist device does not require a hub motor in the axial configuration , so the axial size can be reduced, achieving miniaturization and lightweight while still maintaining the boosting effect.
達成本發明目的的技術手段,係包括諧波齒輪減速機構、線性致動器、左側定軸、右側定軸與輪轂外殼,並藉由支撐和連接配件組裝而成具本發明功效的縮小電動自行車助力裝置,其中諧波齒輪減速機構包含一剛性齒圈其固定於左側定軸、一體行星輪係具左側柔性齒輪和右側剛性環杯、和一柔性軸承干涉裝配於該一體行星輪的左側柔性齒輪之內徑,線性致動器具有複數個徑向執行桿,輪轂外殼包含殼主體、殼右側蓋與殼左側蓋。線性致動器置於諧波齒輪減速機構的內部中空的空間,做為支撐與帶動一體行星輪運動,該線性致動器鎖固於左側定軸和右側定軸,做為取代輪轂電機和輪轂轉軸,如此則不需要多出一軸向和徑向空間來安裝傳統的輪轂電機與輪轂轉軸。上述作動請參閱圖1係線性致動器沿著周向依序以徑向端兩個執行桿來驅動一體行星輪的示意圖,其中線性致動器21的複數個徑向執行桿包含已作動兩個執行桿22與其它未作動執行桿23,當下一個相鄰徑向端兩個未作動執行桿23開始作動接觸到左側柔性齒輪13內部的柔性軸承15(或柔性襯套)時,前兩個已作動執行桿22則退回未驅動位置,如此周而復始驅動左側柔性齒輪13,同時藉由左側柔性齒輪13與剛性齒圈11的齒數差來
達成減速運動。
The technical means to achieve the object of the present invention include a harmonic gear reduction mechanism, a linear actuator, a left fixed shaft, a right fixed shaft and a hub shell, and are assembled by supporting and connecting accessories to form a reduced electric bicycle with the effects of the present invention. Power-assisting device, in which the harmonic gear reduction mechanism includes a rigid ring gear fixed on the left fixed shaft, an integrated planetary gear train with a left flexible gear and a right rigid ring cup, and a flexible bearing interference assembled on the left flexible gear of the integrated planetary gear The linear actuator has a plurality of radial actuator rods, and the hub shell includes a shell main body, a right side cover and a left side cover. The linear actuator is placed in the hollow space inside the harmonic gear reduction mechanism to support and drive the movement of the integrated planetary gear. The linear actuator is locked on the left fixed axis and the right fixed axis to replace the wheel hub motor and wheel hub. shaft, so there is no need for an extra axial and radial space to install the traditional hub motor and hub shaft. For the above actions, please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a linear actuator driving an integrated planet gear with two radial end actuating rods sequentially along the circumferential direction. The plurality of radial actuating rods of the
11:剛性齒圈 11: Rigid ring gear
12:一體行星輪 12: Integrated planetary wheel
13:左側柔性齒輪 13:Left flexible gear
14:右側剛性環杯 14: Right rigid ring cup
15:柔性軸承 15:Flexible bearings
21:線性致動器 21: Linear actuator
22:已作動執行桿 22: The execution rod has been actuated
23:未作動執行桿 23: The execution rod is not actuated
31:殼主體 31: Shell body
32:殼右側蓋 32: Cover on the right side of the shell
33:殼左側蓋 33: Cover on the left side of the shell
34:螺絲 34:Screw
35:右側滾珠軸承 35: Right ball bearing
36:左側滾珠軸承 36: Left side ball bearing
37:右側密封件 37:Right seal
38:左側密封件 38:Left seal
39:螺絲 39:Screw
41:右側定軸 41: Right fixed axis
4可1:右側定軸階梯 4 May 1: Fixed axis ladder on the right side
42:左側定軸 42: Left fixed axis
421:左側定軸階梯 421: Left fixed axis ladder
43:平鍵 43: Flat key
44:C型扣環 44:C type buckle
45:螺絲 45:Screw
圖1係線性致動器沿著周向依序以徑向端兩個執行桿來驅動一體行星輪的示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a linear actuator driving an integrated planetary gear with two actuating rods at radial ends sequentially along the circumferential direction.
圖2係本發明實施例縮小電動自行車助力裝置的剖視圖。 Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a reduced power assist device for an electric bicycle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
為利 貴審查委員能進一步瞭解本發明的技術特徵與手段,茲以具體實施例並配合圖示加以詳細說明如後:請同時參閱圖1至圖2,圖2係本發明實施例縮小電動自行車助力裝置的剖視圖。在本發明實施例縮小電動自行車助力裝置中輪轂外殼,包括殼主體31、殼右側蓋32與殼左側蓋33,殼右側蓋32與殼左側蓋33藉由螺絲34鎖固於殼主體31,實際應用時,輪轂外殼可藉由幅條(未繪出)連接輪框(未繪出),並由輪轂外殼帶動輪圈轉動。左側定軸42和右側定軸41,該左側定軸42的右端具有左側定軸階梯421,該右側定軸41的左端具有右側定軸階梯411,左側定軸42和右側定軸41藉由左側滾珠軸承36、左側密封件38和右側滾珠軸承35、右側密封件37設置於輪轂外殼的中心軸,左側定軸42和右側定軸41分別露出於輸轂外殼外面的部分可藉由螺母(未繪出)鎖固於車架的前叉或後叉上(未繪出)。諧波齒輪減速機構,包括剛性齒圈11、一體行星輪12係具左側柔性齒輪13和右側剛性環杯14,其中剛性齒圈11係利用平鍵43以及兩個C型扣環44固定於左側定軸42,右側剛性環杯14則藉由螺絲39鎖固於殼主體31內,柔性軸承15干涉裝配於左側柔性齒輪
13的內徑。線性致動器21,係具有複數個徑向執行桿,該複數個徑向執行桿包含已作動執行桿22和其它未作動執行桿23,該線性致動器21藉由已作動徑向端兩個執行桿22做為帶動與支撐一體行星輪12之運動。
In order to help the review committee further understand the technical features and means of the present invention, specific embodiments are described in detail with illustrations as follows: Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 at the same time. Figure 2 is a reduced electric bicycle power assist according to an embodiment of the present invention. Cutaway view of the device. In the embodiment of the present invention, the hub shell of the reduced electric bicycle power-assist device includes a shell
線性致動器21置於諧波齒輪減速機構的內部中空的空間,其左右兩側藉由螺絲45鎖固於左側定軸階梯421和右側定軸階梯411,具有複數個徑向執行桿的線性致動器21沿著周向依序以徑向端兩個已作動執行桿22來驅動一體行星輪12之運動,當下一個相鄰徑向端兩個執行桿作動接觸到一體行星輪12的內部柔性軸承15時,前一個已作動兩個執行桿22則退回未驅動位置,如此周而復始由線性致動器21的執行桿(22與23)並藉由左側柔性齒輪13與剛性齒圈11的齒數差,帶動左側柔性齒輪13繞固定的剛性齒圈11做旋轉運動,與此同時由鎖固於殼主體31內的右側剛性環杯14帶動輪轂外殼在左側滾珠軸承36和右側滾珠軸承35做輸出轉動。
The
綜上所述,本發明縮小電動自行車助力裝置明顯具有以更小尺寸達成高減速比和提升助力效果,本發明所具體界定於請求項之結構特徵,未見於同類物品,具產業利用性、新穎性與進步性,已符合發明專利要件,爰依法提出申請,祈請惠予審查並賜予專利,實感德便。 In summary, the miniaturized power-assisting device for electric bicycles of the present invention is obviously capable of achieving a high reduction ratio and improving the power-assisted effect in a smaller size. The structural features specifically defined in the claims of the present invention are not found in similar items, and it is industrially applicable and novel. It is innovative and progressive and has met the requirements for an invention patent. It is very convenient for me to file an application in accordance with the law and pray for review and grant of a patent.
11:剛性齒圈 11: Rigid ring gear
12:一體行星輪 12: Integrated planetary wheel
13:左側柔性齒輪 13:Left flexible gear
14:右側剛性環杯 14: Right rigid ring cup
15:柔性軸承 15:Flexible bearings
21:線性致動器 21: Linear actuator
22:已作動執行桿 22: The execution rod has been actuated
31:殼主體 31: Shell body
32:殼右側蓋 32: Cover on the right side of the shell
33:殼左側蓋 33: Cover on the left side of the shell
34:螺絲 34:Screw
35:右側滾珠軸承 35: Right ball bearing
36:左側滾珠軸承 36: Left side ball bearing
37:右側密封件 37:Right seal
38:左側密封件 38:Left seal
39:螺絲 39:Screw
41:右側定軸 41: Right fixed axis
411:右側定軸階梯 411: Right fixed axis ladder
42:左側定軸 42: Left fixed axis
421:左側定軸階梯 421: Left fixed axis ladder
43:平鍵 43: Flat key
44:C型扣環 44:C type buckle
45:螺絲 45:Screw
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TW112104064A TWI822580B (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Downsizing electric bicycle booster |
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TWI822580B true TWI822580B (en) | 2023-11-11 |
TW202432423A TW202432423A (en) | 2024-08-16 |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120204674A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2012-08-16 | Ivan Lundberg | Harmonic motor, drive assembly, industrial robot, robot boom and robot joint |
TWM606074U (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-01-01 | 許源芳 | Hub motor system and power assisted bicycle |
TW202102402A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-16 | 國立虎尾科技大學 | Harmonic gear transmission mechanism for electric assisting power of electric bicycle having characteristics of small volume, lightweight, large transmission ratio range, high transmission precision, and better transmission stability |
CN114684318A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-01 | 苏州绿的谐波传动科技股份有限公司 | Central-positioned driving device and power-assisted bicycle |
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2023
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120204674A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2012-08-16 | Ivan Lundberg | Harmonic motor, drive assembly, industrial robot, robot boom and robot joint |
TW202102402A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-16 | 國立虎尾科技大學 | Harmonic gear transmission mechanism for electric assisting power of electric bicycle having characteristics of small volume, lightweight, large transmission ratio range, high transmission precision, and better transmission stability |
TWM606074U (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-01-01 | 許源芳 | Hub motor system and power assisted bicycle |
CN114684318A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-01 | 苏州绿的谐波传动科技股份有限公司 | Central-positioned driving device and power-assisted bicycle |
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