TWI709939B - Displacement detection method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a displacement detection method and system thereof. The displacement detection method includes providing a first section and a second section that are different, and arranging a plurality of first detection devices on the first section, and A plurality of second detection devices are set on the second section, and a polyhedron is defined by the first detection devices and the second detection devices; the first reference center of the polyhedron at the first time and the first reference center at the first time are calculated Two time second reference centers; based on the first reference center and the second reference center, calculate the translation value and rotation value; based on the translation value and the rotation value, calculate the deformation value; and if the deformation value is not zero, The first detection devices and the second detection devices perform cross-sectional measurement at the third time and the fourth time at the position of the second time, and the cross-sectional measurement includes the first cross-section and the second The number of sections is sufficient to detect the three-dimensional coordinate measurement of the non-fixed monitoring point of the cross-section deformation; the displacement value is obtained based on the coordinate difference of the non-fixed monitoring point at the third time and the fourth time, and the displacement value is calculated It consists of displacement modes, which include rigid body movement displacement modes and deformation displacement modes. The invention can effectively use the fixed monitoring point position to determine and indeed reflect the behavior of the tunnel area.

Description

Displacement detection method and system

The present invention relates to the field of civil engineering monitoring, and more specifically to a displacement detection method and system.

Many factors that may cause the displacement of the tunnel, such as: geological factors, design factors, and construction factors. Geological factors such as geology or lack of strength of rock plates; design factors such as improper site selection of tunnels or excessive lateral bias due to sliding slopes; construction factors such as improper blasting methods or insufficient support, which cause the rock mass to cut away or relax, etc. , If the displacement of the tunnel is not detected early, it may cause a very serious disaster.

In the prior art of tunnel monitoring, the monitoring section is used as a unit, and all monitoring points on the section are used to return to the vertical plane, and the projection points of the monitoring points on the regression plane are calculated. The local coordinates are defined on the regression plane and all projections are calculated. The centroid formed by the points is used as the cross-section centroid coordinates. The difference between the two monitoring centroid positions before and after the same fault is the section translation, which is then divided into the components on the regression plane, which is called the on-plane translation; and the components outside the regression plane, are called the out-of-plane translation. The coordinate of the last projection point is deducted from the translation amount so that the centroids of the projection points on the two monitored regression planes coincide, and the average rotation angle of each projection point relative to the centroid is used as the amount of rotation, and then the translation amount and the amount of rotation are deducted The amount of deformation on the return plane is used as the amount of deformation of the monitored section.

However, the prior art tunnel displacement analysis method does not distinguish between fixed monitoring points and non-fixed monitoring points when calculating the translation, rotation, and deformation of the monitoring section, but all monitoring points on the monitoring section Follow the same process. Fixed monitoring points are points fixed on the tunnel lining with steel nails or standard objects; non-fixed monitoring points are used to obtain coordinates from the first measurement, and the front and rear GPS control points and wire control points are used for monitoring after the second time. After the instrument is positioned, it can be measured with the stakeout function; fixed monitoring points are more reliable than non-fixed monitoring points. In addition, the known method mainly calculates the tunnel monitoring section, and can only calculate the two-dimensional deformation on the regression plane of the tunnel monitoring section, and cannot be used to estimate the three-dimensional deformation outside the regression plane.

In view of this, the present invention proposes a displacement detection method and system to solve the disadvantage of the prior art that the three-dimensional deformation outside the regression plane cannot be estimated.

The present invention provides a displacement detection method, which includes: providing a first section and a second section that are different, and arranging a plurality of first detecting devices on the first section, and arranging on the second section A plurality of second detecting devices define a polyhedron by the first detecting devices and the second detecting devices; calculating the first reference center of the polyhedron at the first time and the second reference center at the second time Calculate the translation value and the rotation value based on the first reference center and the second reference center; calculate the deformation value based on the translation value and the rotation value; and if the deformation value is not zero, the first detection devices And the second detecting devices perform section measurement at the third time and the fourth time at the position of the second time, and the section measurement includes the first section and the second section in sufficient quantity to detect sections Three-dimensional coordinate measurement of the deformed non-fixed monitoring point; based on the coordinate difference between the non-fixed monitoring point at the third time and the fourth time, the displacement value is obtained, and the displacement modal composition of the displacement value is calculated, the displacement mode The state includes rigid body motion displacement mode and deformation displacement mode.

In the displacement detection method of the present invention, the number of the first detection devices is at least four, and the number of the second detection devices is at least four to define the polyhedron as at least a hexahedron.

In the displacement detection method of the present invention, the first reference center and the second reference center are each plane reference center on each projection surface of the polyhedron at the first time and the second time.

In the displacement detection method of the present invention, it is determined whether to calculate the absolute coordinates of the polyhedron based on the deformation value.

In the displacement detection method of the present invention, the first detection devices and the second detection devices further include a part of a global positioning system for controlling measurement, wire control measurement, route return or a combination thereof, and detecting Measure absolute coordinates.

In the displacement detection method of the present invention, the first section and the second section are based on the first detection devices and the second detection devices, and the first section and The second section performs multi-point section measurement, and each section includes at least a non-fixed monitoring point sufficient to detect the deformation of the section to detect the displacement of the section and calculate the displacement of the displacement value Modal composition.

In the displacement detection method of the present invention, the displacement value measured on the section is the difference value of the three-dimensional coordinates of all the non-fixed monitoring points on the section monitored at the third time and the fourth time.

The displacement detection method of the present invention, wherein the rigid body movement displacement mode includes a horizontal translation displacement mode, a vertical translation displacement mode, and a rotation displacement mode. The deformation displacement mode Including the uniform deformation mode where the cross-section monitoring point is enlarged or reduced relative to the cross-section centroid, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is an elliptical deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a triangular deformation mode The deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a quadrilateral deformation mode, the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a pentagonal deformation mode, and even the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a polygonal deformation mode Multiple variant modes.

The present invention also provides a displacement detection system, which includes: a plurality of first detection devices arranged on a first section; a plurality of second detection devices arranged on a second section, the first detection devices The device and the second detection devices define a polyhedron, the first cross-section is different from the second cross-section; and the processing device or the processing unit, the processing device is the same as the first detection devices and the first Two detection devices are coupled, and the processing unit is disposed at least on one of the first detection devices and the second detection devices, and the other first detection device and the second detection device are at least Coupled with the processing unit, which Wherein, the processing device or the processing unit calculates the first reference center of the polyhedron at the first time and the second reference center at the second time, and then calculates the translation value based on the first reference center and the second reference center And the rotation value, and then calculate the deformation value based on the translation value and the rotation value, and when the deformation value is not zero, make the first detection devices and the second detection devices be at the second time Perform cross-sectional measurement at the third time and the fourth time. The cross-sectional measurement includes the three-dimensional coordinate measurement of the non-fixed monitoring point where the number of the first cross-section and the second cross-section is sufficient to detect the deformation of the cross-section. The coordinate difference of the fixed monitoring point at the third time and the fourth time obtains the displacement value, and calculates the displacement mode composition of the displacement value. The displacement mode includes the rigid body movement displacement mode and the deformation displacement mode state.

In the displacement detection system of the present invention, the number of the first detection devices is at least four, and the number of the second detection devices is at least four to define the polyhedron as at least a hexahedron.

In the displacement detection system of the present invention, the first reference center and the second reference center are each plane reference center on each projection surface of the polyhedron at the first time and the second time.

In the displacement detection system of the present invention, the processing device or the processing unit determines whether to calculate the absolute coordinates of the polyhedron based on the deformation value.

In the displacement detection system of the present invention, the first detection devices and the second detection devices further include a part of the global positioning system to control measurement, wire control measurement, route return or a combination thereof, and detect Measure absolute coordinates.

In the displacement detection system of the present invention, the first section and the second section are based on the first detection devices and the second detection devices, and the first section and The second section performs multi-point section measurement, and each section includes at least a non-fixed monitoring point sufficient to detect the deformation of the section to detect the displacement of the section and calculate the displacement of the displacement value Modal composition.

In the displacement detection system of the present invention, the displacement value measured on the cross-section is the difference value of the three-dimensional coordinates of all the non-fixed monitoring points on the monitored cross-section at the third time and the fourth time.

The displacement detection system of the present invention, wherein the rigid body movement displacement mode includes a horizontal translation displacement mode, a vertical translation displacement mode, and a rotation displacement mode, and the deformation displacement mode includes a section monitoring point The uniform deformation mode enlarged or reduced relative to the cross-section centroid, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is an elliptical deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a triangular deformation mode. The deformation of the cross-section centroid is a quadrilateral deformation mode, the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a pentagonal deformation mode, and even the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a plurality of deformation modes of polygonal deformation modes state.

Compared with the conventional technology, the present invention can provide the three-dimensional translation, rotation, and deformation of the tunnel section and the two-dimensional displacement modal composition of the tunnel monitoring section, and is used to define the tunnel section with fixed monitoring Deformation monitoring section of the point and a plurality of non-fixed monitoring points sufficient to detect tunnel deformation, and then the relative rigid body movement in the section can be compared with records of lining cracks and other monitoring results to help evaluate the soundness and safety of the tunnel. The cause of abnormal tunnel lining.

110a~110d: the first detection device

120a~120d: second detection device

130: processing device

1101: processing unit

200: Polyhedron

300: tunnel

400a: first section

400b: second section

C1: First reference center

C2: Second reference center

D1~D8: Detection point position

X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2: plane

ZC1: Datum center of plane Z1

ZC2: Datum center of plane Z2

S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60: steps

Figure 1 is a flowchart of the displacement detection method of the present invention.

2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of tunnels and sections in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of tunnels and sections in another embodiment of the present invention.

3A to 3C are schematic diagrams of the polyhedron and each projection surface.

4A to 4C are schematic diagrams of translation and rotation of a polyhedron according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of various displacement modes of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the displacement detection system of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the displacement detection system of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the following specific embodiments are used in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to give a detailed description of the present invention. The description is as follows:

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a flowchart of the displacement detection method of the present invention. The steps include step S10 to step S60. In step S10, different first cross-sections and second cross-sections can be provided, a plurality of first detection devices are provided on the first cross-section, and a plurality of second detection devices are provided on the second cross-section, A polyhedron is defined by the first detection devices and the second detection devices. In particular, the first section and the second section can be set to be located in the tunnel. In addition, the number of the first detection devices is at least four, and the number of the second detection devices is at least four, so as to define the polyhedron to be at least a hexahedron.

In detail, as shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B, which are schematic diagrams of the tunnel and cross section in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2A, in the tunnel 300, first define the two sections to be detected, namely the first For surface 400a and second section 400b, in the preferred embodiment, select 4 detection point positions D1~D4 on the first section 400a, and 4 detection points D5~D8 on the second section 400b The location of the points should be selected so that each detection point covers the most space within the tunnel 300 as much as possible. In the preferred embodiment, the first detection device 110a~110d is set at the detection point positions D1~D4, and the second detection device 120a~120d is set at the detection point positions D5~D8, thereby defining as The polyhedron 200 of FIGS. 3A to 3C, and in a preferred embodiment, the polyhedron 200 may be a hexahedron, more specifically, the polyhedron 200 may be a rectangular parallelepiped, but in different embodiments, the position of the detection point and the detection The number of devices is not limited to 8, and polyhedrons are not limited to hexahedrons or cuboids. Different numbers of detection points and detection devices can be used to define polyhedrons with different numbers and shapes, and different polyhedrons can be combined for better Adapt to tunnels of various shapes.

In step S20, the first reference center of the polyhedron at the first time and the second reference center at the second time can be calculated. Specifically, the first reference center and the second reference center are each plane reference center on each projection surface of the polyhedron at the first time and the second time. In detail, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, which are schematic diagrams of the polyhedron 200 and each projection surface. As shown in FIG. 3A, the polyhedron 200 is embodied as a hexahedron and corresponds to two projection planes in the x-axis direction (or regression plane, or flat for short). Plane), respectively defined as plane X1 and plane X2. In FIG. 3B, the two planes corresponding to the y-axis direction are defined as plane Y1 and plane Y2, respectively. In FIG. 3C, the two planes corresponding to the z-axis direction are defined as plane Z1 and plane Z2, respectively. Generally speaking, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are set as coordinate axes orthogonal to each other. However, it is not limited to other types of defined coordinate axes to meet the needs of different tunnel shapes.

In step S30, a translation value and a rotation value can be calculated based on the first reference center and the second reference center. Then in step S40, a deformation value can be calculated based on the translation value and the rotation value. In detail, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, which are schematic diagrams of the translation and rotation of the polyhedron according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4A, at the first time, the reference center of the polyhedron 200 is C1. As shown in FIG. 4B, at the second time, if the polyhedron 200 is displaced, including translation, rotation, or deformation, and a combination of the above, its reference center may be changed to C2. As shown in FIG. 4C, the translation value and rotation value between the first reference center C1 and the second reference center C2 can be calculated. In calculation, the first reference center C1 and the second reference center C2 can be overlapped to facilitate calculation of the rotation value. Further, the deformation value can be calculated according to the translation value and the rotation value. All the displacement values obtained by detecting data here include translation value, rotation value and deformation value, so the displacement value (the physical quantity) can be used to subtract the translation value and rotation value to obtain the deformation value. In the preferred embodiment, the reference center refers to the three-dimensional centroid of the polyhedron 200, but is not limited to other defined reference centers, such as center of mass, center of gravity, inner center, outer center, vertical center, lateral center, or other different definitions The center of reference. And from the three-dimensional data of the polyhedron 200, three-dimensional displacement values, as well as three-dimensional translation values, rotation values, and deformation values can be obtained.

Next, please refer to FIG. 2C, which illustrates another calculation method to reduce the amount of data and complexity of the calculation. In addition to the aforementioned direct calculation of the three-dimensional data, the two-dimensional datum center data can also be used for combination. As shown in FIG. 2C, taking the projection plane Z1 and the plane Z2 as examples, the reference center of the plane Z1 (such as the centroid of the plane Z1) ZC1 and the reference center of the plane Z2 (such as the centroid of the plane Z2) ZC2 can be calculated respectively. In the same way, the reference centers XC1, XC2, YC1, and YC2 (not shown) of the plane X1, the plane X2, the plane Y1, and the plane Y2 can also be calculated. And to further calculate the displacement value of each plane reference center (such as centroid), that is, its translation value, rotation value, and deformation value. Due to the small amount of data required for the two-dimensional centroid, it is more computationally effectiveness. In this way, the centroid data of each plane can be calculated and combined to evaluate the three-dimensional deformation value. In other words, the reference center of the polyhedron referred to herein may include the three-dimensional reference center of the polyhedron (three-dimensional centroid), or a combination of the plane reference centers (planar centroid) of each projection surface of the polyhedron. The rigid body motion of the polyhedron 200 or the rigid body motion of each regression plane of the polyhedron 200 can be calculated.

If the deformation value is not zero, proceed to step S50. If the deformation value is not zero, the first detection devices and the second detection devices perform the third time and the fourth time at the second time position The cross-section measurement includes the three-dimensional coordinate measurement of the non-fixed monitoring point where the number of the first cross-section and the second cross-section is sufficient to detect the deformation of the cross-section. Specifically, the first and second cross-sections where the first detection devices 110a~110d and the second detection devices 120a~120d are located can be used for automatic target recognition at the third time. The total station is approximately equidistant to measure the density of the three-dimensional coordinates of the non-fixed monitoring point that is sufficient to detect the deformation of the tunnel. At the fourth time, the automatic target recognition function of the total station is used to automatically stake out the measurement at the third time. The three-dimensional coordinates of the point. The first time, second time, third time, and fourth time are sorted from front to back according to time.

Furthermore, in step S60, the displacement value can be obtained based on the coordinate difference between the non-fixed monitoring point at the third time and the fourth time, and the displacement modal composition of the displacement value is calculated. The displacement mode includes a rigid body Movement displacement mode and deformation displacement mode. In detail, based on the coordinate difference of the non-fixed monitoring point at the third time and the fourth time, the displacement value of the non-fixed monitoring point of the section can be obtained to calculate the displacement modal composition. The number of the displacement modes can be plural, and the displacement modes include rigid body motion displacement modes and deformation displacement modes. The rigid body movement displacement modes include horizontal translation displacement modes, vertical translation displacement modes, and rotation displacement modes. The deformation displacement modes include the magnification or enlargement of the cross-section monitoring point relative to the cross-section centroid. The reduced uniform deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is an elliptical deformation mode, the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a triangular deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a quadrilateral The deformation mode is a pentagonal deformation mode with respect to the centroid of the cross section, and even a plurality of deformation modes in which the deformation with respect to the centroid of the cross section is a polygonal deformation mode.

In addition, the present invention can determine whether to calculate the absolute coordinates of the polyhedron based on the deformation value. The first detection devices 110a to 110d and the second detection devices 120a to 120d in an example of the present invention further include a part of the global positioning system for control measurement, wire control measurement, route return, or a combination thereof, And detect absolute coordinates.

In detail, when the polyhedron 200 is significantly deformed, the tunnel displacement detection and modal analysis system 100 can not only monitor the absolute coordinates, but also initiates section measurement to detect the complex and diverse displacements of the tunnel. The cross-section measurement is based on a preset detection device as a positioning reference, and the first cross-section 400a and the second cross-section 400b are measured. Each cross-section measurement point can be no less than 32 points. The measured values of the first section and the second section are obtained at the third time, and the measured values of the first section and the second section at the fourth time can be calculated for the first section and the second section Surface displacement value. With this, the displacement value of a single section exceeding 32 points can accurately describe the magnitude and location of the tunnel displacement to reflect the actual tunnel behavior.

In a preferred embodiment, in order to take into account the accuracy and efficiency of detection, only the three-dimensional relative coordinates of the polyhedron can be detected at ordinary times, and the absolute coordinates are not detected. Only when the calculation result of the relative coordinates determines that the polyhedron 200 has been significantly deformed, the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the first detection device 110a~d and the second detection device 120a~d are further used to control the measurement, Traverse control measurement, route regression or a combination of the above, etc., to obtain the three-dimensional absolute coordinates of the polyhedron 200 to obtain more accurate calculation results. In this way, if there is no significant distortion in the relative coordinate evaluation, the present invention can continue to use the relative coordinate detection to achieve higher efficiency and lower cost.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a displacement mode of an embodiment of the present invention. The deformation of the tunnel section is decomposed into rotation mode (Figure 500A), vertical translation mode (Figure 500B), uniform deformation mode (Figure 500C), elliptical deformation mode (Figure 500D), and triangular deformation mode (Figure 500E) , Four-sided deformation mode (Figure 500F) and the combination of other modes, the corresponding component of each mode can be zero, for example, the tunnel section deformation mode may only include vertical translation, uniform deformation, elliptical deformation, triangular deformation, four sides Deformation and other modes, but without any rotation. The displacement modes referred to here can include independent cross-section rigid body motion displacement modes, which include vertical Straight translational displacement mode, horizontal translational displacement mode and rotation displacement mode, as well as mutually independent cross-sectional deformation modes, including but not limited to uniform deformation mode, elliptical deformation mode, triangular deformation mode, four sides Deformation mode, polygonal deformation mode, etc. In this way, the complex and difficult-to-analyze tunnel displacements can be transformed into mutually independent displacement modes and/or combinations of deformation modes.

In some embodiments, the first detecting device 110a to 110d and the second detecting device 120a to 120d may include a displacement detector. In different embodiments, it may also include a detector of temperature, stress, rotation angle, strain, velocity, acceleration, pressure, magnetic field, or a combination of the above. In other embodiments, detection technologies such as GPS control measurement, wire control measurement, and route regression may also be included.

Please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7, which are block diagrams of two embodiments of the displacement detection system of the present invention, which include a plurality of first detection devices 110a~110d, and a plurality of second detection devices 120a~120d , And the processing device 130 or the processing unit 1101. The processing device 130 or the processing unit 1101 may be a circuit, a chip, a central processing unit, a microprocessor (MCU), or a combination thereof.

As mentioned above, the first detection device 110a~110d can be arranged on the first section 400a, and the second detection device 120a~120d can be arranged on the second section 400b, the first detection device 110a~110d and the second The detecting devices 120a~120d can define a polyhedron 200. Furthermore, the number of the first detecting devices 110a to 110d is at least four, and the number of the second detecting devices 120a to 120d is at least four, so as to define the polyhedron 200 to be at least a hexahedron.

The processing device 130 or the processing unit 1101 as described above, wherein the processing device 130 can be coupled to the first detection device 110a~110d and the second detection device 120a~120d, or the processing unit 1101 can be provided at least in the first detection device One of the detection devices 110a~110d and the second detection devices 120a~120d, and the other first detection devices and second detection devices are at least coupled with the processing unit 1101, wherein the processing device 130 or the processing unit 1101 Calculate the first reference center C1 of the polyhedron 200 at the first time and the second reference center C2 at the second time, and calculate the translation value and the rotation value based on the first reference center C1 and the second reference center C2, and based on the translation value And the rotation value to calculate the deformation value, and the deformation When the value is not zero, the first detection device 110a~110d and the second detection device 120a~120d are made to measure the cross section at the third time and the fourth time at the position of the second time to calculate the displacement of the cross section value.

In addition, the displacement detection system of the present invention may further include a storage device or a storage unit. The storage device may be combined with the processing device 130, the processing unit 1101, the first detection device 110a~110d, the second detection device 120a~120d or Combined coupling, the storage unit can be arranged at least in one of the first detection device 110a~110d and the second detection device 120a~120d, and the other first detection device and second detection device can be combined with the storage unit The processing device 130 or the processing unit 1101 can be coupled to the storage unit to store the detected data and/or the calculated data. The storage device or storage unit can be, for example, a CD-ROM drive, a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, universal serial bus (USB), dynamic random access memory, flash memory, electronic erasable rewritable read-only Memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), etc.

The processing device 130 or the processing unit 1101 described above can calculate the displacement mode based on the displacement value, and if the number of the displacement mode is plural, the displacement modes include horizontal translational displacement modes, Vertical translation displacement mode, rotation displacement mode, uniform deformation mode.

The first reference center C1 and the second reference center C2 as described above may be the plane reference centers ZC1, ZC2 on each projection surface of the polyhedron 200 at the first time and the second time. In addition, the first section 400a and the second section 400b can be based on the first detection device 110a~110d and the second detection device 120a~120d to perform multiple points on the first section 400a and the second section 400b. Section measurement, each section contains at least 32 measurement points to detect the displacement of the section.

The processing device 130 or the processing unit 1101 of the present invention can determine whether to calculate the absolute coordinates of the polyhedron 200 based on the deformation value. The first detecting device 110a to 110d and the second detecting device 120a to 120d of the present invention may further include a part of the global positioning system to control measurement, traverse control measurement, route return or a combination thereof, and detect absolute coordinates. Other details of the displacement detection system of the present invention have been described above, and will not be repeated.

It should be noted that the coupling may be a coupling method capable of transmitting signals or commands, such as electrical coupling and/or optical coupling.

In summary, the present invention can develop an analytical method that separates fixed monitoring points from non-fixed monitoring points and obtains three-dimensional deformation. It can not only provide the translation, rotation and deformation of the tunnel monitoring section, but also calculate the translation, rotation and deformation of the tunnel section, and extend the original concept of using a two-dimensional plane as a unit to three-dimensional. Furthermore, it provides the three-dimensional translation, rotation, and deformation of the tunnel section, and the deformation monitoring section used to define the tunnel section with fixed monitoring points. It can not only effectively use the fixed monitoring point to determine the location, but also reflect the tunnel area. It can also compare the relative rigid body movement in the section with the records of lining cracks and other monitoring results to assist in evaluating the soundness and safety of the tunnel, and to determine the cause of the abnormal shape of the tunnel lining.

The present invention has been disclosed in a preferred embodiment above, but those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiment is only used to describe the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that all changes and substitutions equivalent to this embodiment should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the patent application.

S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60: steps

Claims (16)

A displacement detection method includes: providing a first section and a second section that are not the same, arranging a plurality of first detecting devices on the first section, and arranging a plurality of second sections on the second section Two detecting devices, defining a polyhedron by the first detecting devices and the second detecting devices; calculating the first reference center of the polyhedron at the first time and the second reference center at the second time; based on the The first reference center and the second reference center calculate the translation value and the rotation value; based on the translation value and the rotation value, calculate the deformation value; if the deformation value is not zero, the first detection devices and the first The second detection device performs section measurement at the third time and the fourth time at the position of the second time, and the section measurement includes the first section and the second section in a quantity sufficient to detect the non-deformation of the section The three-dimensional coordinate measurement of a fixed monitoring point, the first time, the second time, the third time, and the fourth time are sorted by time from front to back; and based on the non-fixed monitoring point at the third time and the fourth time The displacement value is obtained by the time coordinate difference, and the displacement mode composition of the displacement value is calculated. The displacement mode includes the rigid body movement displacement mode and the deformation displacement mode. The displacement detection method described in the first item of the patent application, wherein the number of the first detection devices is at least four, and the number of the second detection devices is at least four to define the polyhedron At least hexahedron. The displacement detection method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first reference center and the second reference center are the planes on each projection surface of the polyhedron at the first time and the second time Center of reference. The displacement detection method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein, based on the deformation value, it is determined whether to calculate the absolute coordinates of the polyhedron. The displacement detection method described in the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the first detection devices and the second detection devices further include a part of the global positioning system to control measurement, wire control measurement, and route Regression or its combination, and detect three-dimensional absolute coordinates. For the displacement detection method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the first section and the second section are based on the first detection devices and the second detection devices, and Perform multi-point section measurement on the first section and the second section, and each section includes at least a non-fixed monitoring point sufficient to detect the deformation of the section to detect the displacement of the section, and calculate The displacement modal composition of the displacement value. The displacement detection method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the displacement value measured on the section is the three-dimensional value of all the non-fixed monitoring points on the section monitored at the third time and the fourth time The difference value of the coordinates. The displacement detection method described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the rigid body movement displacement mode includes a horizontal translation displacement mode, a vertical translation displacement mode, and a rotation displacement mode. The deformation displacement The modal includes a uniform deformation mode where the cross-section monitoring point is enlarged or reduced relative to the cross-section centroid, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is an elliptical deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a triangle Deformation mode, the deformation relative to the centroid of the section is quadrilateral deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the centroid of the section is five sides The deformation mode, and even the deformation relative to the centroid of the section is a plurality of deformation modes of the polygonal deformation mode. A displacement detecting system includes: a plurality of first detecting devices arranged on a first section; a plurality of second detecting devices arranged on a second section, the first detecting devices and the The second detection device defines a polyhedron, the first section is different from the second section; and a processing device or a processing unit, the processing device is the same as the first detection devices and the second detection devices Coupled, the processing unit is disposed at least on one of the first detection devices and the second detection devices, and the other first detection device and the second detection device are at least connected to the processing unit Coupled, wherein the processing device or the processing unit calculates the first reference center of the polyhedron at the first time and the second reference center at the second time, and then based on the first reference center and the second reference center Calculate the translation value and the rotation value, then calculate the deformation value based on the translation value and the rotation value, and when the deformation value is not zero, make the first detection devices and the second detection devices operate in the second The position of time performs cross-sectional measurement at the third time and the fourth time. The cross-sectional measurement includes the three-dimensional coordinate measurement of the non-fixed monitoring point where the number of the first cross-section and the second cross-section is sufficient to detect the deformation of the cross-section, Then obtain the displacement value based on the coordinate difference of the non-fixed monitoring point at the third time and the fourth time, and calculate the displacement mode composition of the displacement value. The displacement mode includes the rigid body movement displacement mode and deformation In the displacement mode, the first time, the second time, the third time, and the fourth time are sorted from front to back according to time. The displacement detection system described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the number of the first detection devices is at least four, and the number of the second detection devices is at least four to define the polyhedron At least hexahedron. The displacement detection system described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first reference center and the second reference center are the planes on each projection surface of the polyhedron at the first time and the second time Center of reference. For the displacement detection system described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the processing device or the processing unit determines whether to calculate the absolute coordinates of the polyhedron based on the deformation value. For the displacement detection system described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the first detection devices and the second detection devices further include a part of the global positioning system to control measurement, wire control measurement, and route Regression or its combination, and detect three-dimensional absolute coordinates. For example, the displacement detection system described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first section and the second section are based on the first detection devices and the second detection devices. Perform multi-point section measurement on the first section and the second section, and each section includes at least a non-fixed monitoring point sufficient to detect the deformation of the section to detect the displacement of the section, and calculate The displacement modal composition of the displacement value. The displacement detection system described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the displacement value of the cross-section measurement is the three-dimensional value of all the non-fixed monitoring points on the cross-section monitored at the third time and the fourth time The difference value of the coordinates. The displacement detection system described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the rigid body movement displacement mode includes a horizontal translation displacement mode, a vertical translation displacement mode, and a rotation displacement mode. The deformation displacement The modal includes the enlargement or reduction of the section monitoring point relative to the section centroid Small uniform deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is an elliptical deformation mode, the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a triangular deformation mode, and the deformation relative to the cross-section centroid is a quadrilateral The deformation mode is a pentagonal deformation mode with respect to the centroid of the cross section, and even a plurality of deformation modes in which the deformation with respect to the centroid of the cross section is a polygonal deformation mode.

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