TWI640823B - Pixel structure and display panel - Google Patents

Abstract

A pixel structure includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an insulating layer. The second electrode is located above the first electrode. The second electrode has a closed first contoured opening. The insulating layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The insulating layer has a second opening with a closed contour. The second opening does not shield the first electrode. The second opening is in communication with the first opening. The size of the second opening is smaller than the size of the first opening. The insulating layer includes a peripheral portion. The peripheral portion is located between the contour edge of the second opening and the contour edge of the first opening.

Description

Pixel structure and display panel

The invention relates to a pixel structure, and in particular to a pixel structure for a display panel and a display panel composed of the pixel structure.

Liquid crystal display panels have been widely used in various electronic products and portable electronic products due to their advantages such as lightness, thinness, shortness, and energy saving, such as smart phones, notebook computers, and tablet computers. PC) and TV (TV). Generally, when a voltage is applied to an electrode in a liquid crystal display panel, liquid crystal molecules are driven to rotate, and thereby the transmittance of light is controlled, thereby achieving screen display.

Generally, when a voltage is applied to an electrode in a liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal molecules are driven to rotate to the correct position to change the transmittance of the liquid crystal, and thereby control the transmittance of light, thereby achieving screen display. However, if the response time of the liquid crystal is long, after the electrode is supplied with voltage, it may take some time for the liquid crystal to rotate to the correct position, which may result in blurred images or incorrect color display. Therefore, if the response time of the liquid crystal can be reduced, the picture update frequency can be increased, and the effect of image blurring can be further reduced.

The invention provides a pixel structure and a display panel, which can be used to reduce the response time of liquid crystal, thereby improving the smoothness of the display screen of the liquid crystal display panel, and reducing the driving cross-voltage.

The pixel structure of the present invention includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an insulating layer. The second electrode is located above the first electrode, and the second electrode has a first opening with a closed contour. The insulating layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the insulating layer has a second opening with a closed contour. The second opening does not shield the first electrode. The second opening communicates with the first opening and the size of the second opening is smaller than the size of the first opening. The insulating layer includes a peripheral portion. The peripheral portion is located between the contour edge of the second opening and the contour edge of the first opening.

The pixel structure of the present invention includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an insulating layer. The second electrode has a first opening, and the first opening has a length direction. The dimensional change of the first opening along the length direction decreases from the center of the first opening to both sides. The insulating layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the insulating layer has a second opening and a peripheral portion of the second opening. The peripheral portion of the second opening is located between the contour edge of the second opening and the contour edge of the first opening.

The display panel of the present invention includes a plurality of the aforementioned pixel structures, and one of the pixel structures has a plurality of first openings, and the first openings are configured in the same orientation.

The display panel includes a plurality of the aforementioned pixel structures, and one of the pixel structures has a plurality of first openings, and the first openings are arranged in an offset manner.

Based on the above, the pixel structure and the display panel of the present invention can provide a more effective driving electric field by using the second electrode having the first opening and the insulating layer having the second opening to help reduce the response time of the liquid crystal. The smoothness of the display screen of the liquid crystal display panel is improved, and the driving cross-voltage can be reduced.

In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments are hereinafter described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1a is a schematic partial perspective view of a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1b is a schematic top view of a pixel structure in the display panel of FIG. 1a. FIG. 1c is a schematic partial top view of the pixel structure of FIG. 1b. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to the line A-A 'in FIG. 1b. FIG. 3 is a schematic partial perspective view of the pixel structure of FIG. 1b. For clarity, some film layers and components are not shown in FIGS. 1 a to 3.

In this embodiment, the display panel 10 includes a first substrate 11, a display medium layer 12, a second substrate 13, a color filter pattern 17, and a plurality of pixel structures 100. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 face each other so as to face each other. The display medium layer 12 is disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13. The pixel structure 100 is disposed between the first substrate 11 and the display medium layer 12. The color filter patterns 17 on the second substrate 13 are arranged corresponding to the pixel structures 100. In this embodiment, the color filter pattern 17 is disposed between the display medium layer 12 and the second substrate 13, but is not limited thereto. For example, in other embodiments, it may be disposed between the display medium layer 12 and the first substrate 11.

The material of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 may be glass, quartz, organic polymer, or other suitable materials. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 are plate-shaped members with a large area to define the area of the display panel 10. In this embodiment, the first substrate 11 may be a carrier board including the pixel structure 100.

The display medium layer 12 may include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules (not shown), but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the display medium layer 12 may also include an electrophoretic display medium or other suitable media. In addition, the liquid crystal molecules in the embodiment of the present invention are liquid crystal molecules that can be rotated or switched by an electric field as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the product of the birefringence difference of the display medium layer 12 and the thickness 12a of the display medium layer 12 is in the range of 340 nm to 450 nm, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the display panel 10 may further include an alignment film 15 (as shown in FIG. 2) disposed on the pixel structure 100, so that the liquid crystal molecules arranged above it are aligned (aligned) in a certain direction, so that The liquid crystal molecules achieve a pretilt purpose.

The pixel structure 100 may include a first electrode 110, an insulating layer 120, and a second electrode 130. The first electrode 110, the insulating layer 120, and the second electrode 130 are sequentially disposed on the first substrate 11. That is, the first electrode 110 is located between the second electrode 130 and the first substrate 11, and the insulating layer 120 is disposed between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 130. In addition, the pixel structure 100 may further include other dielectric materials, conductive circuits, active devices, passive devices, touch devices, and / or other electronic devices. Specifically, the pixel structure 100 may include a switching element, such as a thin film transistor, electrically connected to one of the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 130.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the second electrode 130 has a first opening 130 a with a closed contour, and in the area of the first opening 130 a (ie, the open area of the first opening 130 a), the first electrode 110 is not The two electrodes 130 are shielded. The insulating layer 120 has a closed second opening 120a. The second opening 120a penetrates the entire thickness of the insulating layer 120. Therefore, in the area of the second opening 120a (that is, the opening range of the second opening 130a), the insulating layer 120 also does not shield the first electrode 110. The second opening 120a communicates with the first opening 130a and the size of the second opening 120a is smaller than the size of the first opening 130a. Therefore, the insulating layer 120 includes a peripheral portion 121 between a contour edge of the second opening 120a and a contour edge of the first opening 130a. The peripheral portion 121 of the insulating layer 120 is a ring pattern. In this embodiment, it is a hexagonal ring pattern, the inside of the ring is hexagonal, and the outside is also hexagonal, but not limited to this. In other embodiments, other suitable graphics, such as circles, ellipses, and polygons, may also be used, and the shape of the inside and outside measurements may be the same or different. In FIG. 2, the second electrode 130 having the first opening 130 a and the insulating layer 120 having the second opening 120 a constitute a stepped structure.

The first electrode 110 is, for example, electrically connected to a common voltage source to receive a common voltage (Vcom) output from the common voltage source, and the second electrode 130 receives an active component ( For example: the drain of the active component). Or, conversely, the first electrode 110 may receive the corresponding voltage transmitted from the active element on the first substrate 11, and the second electrode 130 receives the common voltage output from the common voltage source. Thereby, a voltage difference between the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 110 (that is, a driving cross-voltage) can form a driving electric field for driving the display medium layer 12. The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 130 are both disposed on the first substrate 11 and are made of different conductive layers. Therefore, a voltage difference between the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 110 will generate a fringe electric field. That is, the display panel 10 may be a fringe field switching (FFS) liquid crystal display panel.

As can be seen from FIG. 1 a, the pixel structures 100 in the display panel 10 are arranged in the same orientation and arranged along two orthogonal directions to form a pixel array, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the pixel structure 100 for displaying different colors in the display panel 10 may also be arranged in a dislocation manner such as a triangle or a diagonal to form a pixel array.

As can be seen from FIG. 1b and FIG. 1c, in the single pixel structure 100 of this embodiment, the first opening 130a has a length direction 131 and a width direction 132 that intersect each other. The length direction 131 is, for example, substantially parallel to the short side of the rectangular pixel structure 100, and the width direction 132 is, for example, substantially parallel to the long side of the rectangular pixel structure 100. The maximum size of the first opening 130 a in the length direction 131 is larger than the maximum size of the first opening 130 a in the width direction 132. Therefore, the first opening 130a is an elongated opening. In this embodiment, a plurality of first openings 130a located in a single pixel structure 100 are arranged in the same orientation and arranged along two orthogonal directions to form an array of openings, but this embodiment of the present invention does not use this. Limited. In other embodiments, the plurality of first openings 130a located in a single pixel structure 100 may also be arranged in an offset manner such as a triangle or an oblique angle to form an array of openings.

The size of the first opening 130 a in the width direction 132 may be changed along the length direction 131. For example, the size of the first opening 130a in the width direction 132 is reduced from the center of the first opening 130a to both sides along the length direction 131. In other words, the shape of the first opening 130a may be similar to a spindle shape, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In FIG. 3, the shape of the first opening 130 a in the shape of a narrow hexagon is merely for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to limit the geometry of the first opening 130 a in the embodiments of the present invention.

The outline of the first opening 130a of the second electrode 130 is composed of a plurality of sides with different extending directions. Therefore, the design of such a second electrode 130 can divide a plurality of alignment domains for the display medium layer 12 above it. Achieve a wide viewing angle display effect. In order for the display medium layer 12 to achieve effective display efficiency, the alignment direction of the alignment film 15 (shown in FIG. 2) may be determined according to the shape of the first opening 130 a. For example, compared to the second intersection angle 132a between the alignment direction 15a of the alignment film 15 and the width direction 132 of the first opening 130a, the alignment direction 15a of the alignment film 15 and the length direction 131 of the first opening 130a The first intersection angle 131a may have a smaller angle, that is, the second intersection angle 132a is larger than the first intersection angle 131a. That is, the alignment direction 15a of the alignment film 15 may be close to or the same as the length direction 131 of the first opening 130a.

In this embodiment, the outline of the first opening 130a and the outline of the second opening 120a have substantially the same geometric shape. In other words, the outline of the first opening 130a and the outline of the second opening 120a may be geometrical similarity figures having the same corresponding angle. For example, the first opening 130a and the second opening 120a may both have a hexagonal profile, and the geometric center of the first opening 130a and the geometric center of the second opening 120a overlap, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the ratio of the area of the second opening 120a to the area of the first opening 130a may be 10% to 80%, preferably 10% to 70%, and more preferably 20% to 50%. In this way, the pixel structure 100 applied to the display panel 10 can reduce the response time of the liquid crystal and reduce the driving cross-voltage. In some embodiments, the shortest distance S between the outline of the first opening 130a and the outline of the second opening 120a (ie, the minimum dimension of the peripheral portion 121 of the insulating layer 120) may be not less than 1 micrometer (micrometer; μm), That is, S ≧ 1 μm. In this way, the possibility of the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 130 contacting during the manufacturing process of the pixel structure 100 can be reduced to maintain a good process yield.

FIG. 4 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. For clarity, a part of the film layer is omitted in FIG. 4. The pixel structure 200 of the second embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 100 of FIGS. 1 to 3. This embodiment uses FIG. 4 to describe the pixel structure 200. It should be noted that in FIG. 4, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components, so the components described in FIGS. 1 to 3 will not be repeated here. Referring to FIG. 4, the pixel structure 200 of the second embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 100 of FIGS. 1 to 3 except that the pixel structure 200 has a plurality of first openings 130 a and a plurality of second openings 120 a. The first openings 130a are arranged in a plurality of rows in the width direction 132, and the first openings 130a of each row are offset from the first openings 130a of adjacent rows, but the present invention is not limited thereto. At this time, the second electrode 130 has, for example, a mesh structure. Each second opening 120a is correspondingly disposed in the area of one of the first openings 130a, and the geometric center of the second opening 120a can be aligned with the geometric center of the first opening 130a. Therefore, the second openings 120a are also arranged in a plurality of rows in the width direction 132, and the second openings 120a of each row are aligned with respect to the second openings 120a of the adjacent rows.

FIG. 5 is a schematic partial perspective view of a pixel structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The pixel structure 300 of the third embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 100 of FIGS. 1 to 3. This embodiment uses FIG. 5 to describe the pixel structure 300. It should be noted that in FIG. 5, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components, so the components explained in FIGS. 1 to 3 will not be repeated here. Referring to FIG. 5, the pixel structure 300 of the third embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 100 of FIGS. 1 to 3 except that the outline of the first opening 130 a and the outline of the second opening 320 a have different geometric shapes. In this embodiment, the profile of the first opening 130a may have a hexagonal profile, and the profile of the second opening 320a may be a circular profile, and the circular profile has a diameter d, but in some other embodiments, the first The contour of the opening 130a or the contour of the second opening 320a may be a trapezoid, a rectangle, an oval, a bar, a polygon, an arc, or other suitable closed graphics.

FIG. 6 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The pixel structure 400 of the fourth embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 300 of FIG. 5. This embodiment uses FIG. 6 to describe the pixel structure 400. It should be noted that in FIG. 6, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components, so the components explained in FIG. 5 will not be repeated here. Referring to FIG. 6, the pixel structure 400 of the fourth embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 300 of FIG. 5, except that the first opening 430a includes a middle portion 430a1 and two side portions 430a2 located on opposite sides of the middle portion 430a1. . The size of the middle portion 430a1 along the length direction 431 of the first opening 430a (for example, the width perpendicular to the length direction 431) is reduced from the center of the middle portion 430a1 to the two side portions 430a2 at the first reduction rate. The size change of each of the two side portions 430a2 along the length direction 431 (for example, the width perpendicular to the length direction 431) decreases outward from the middle portion 430a1 at a second reduction rate, and the first reduction rate is greater than the second reduction rate . In this way, the internal angle θ formed between the contour lines of the middle portion 430a1 and the contour lines of the two side portions 430a2 may be a reflex angle, and the external angle α corresponding to the internal angle θ is an obtuse angle. At this time, the first opening 430a may have a decagonal star-shaped outline. The second opening 420a may have a circular outline.

FIG. 7 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The pixel structure 500 of the fifth embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 400 of FIG. 6. This embodiment uses FIG. 7 to describe the pixel structure 500. It is worth noting that in FIG. 7, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components, so the components explained in FIG. 6 will not be repeated here. Referring to FIG. 7, the pixel structure 500 of the fifth embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 400 of FIG. 6, except that the outline of the first opening 430a and the outline of the second opening 520a may be geometrically similar figures having the same corresponding angles. . For example, the first opening 430a and the second opening 520a may have a decagonal star-shaped profile.

FIG. 8 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The pixel structure 600 of the sixth embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 400 of FIG. 6. This embodiment uses FIG. 8 to describe the pixel structure 600. It is worth noting that in FIG. 8, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components, so the components explained in FIG. 6 will not be repeated here. Referring to FIG. 8, the pixel structure 600 of the sixth embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 400 of FIG. 6, except that the outline of the second opening 620a may have an oval profile, and the direction of the long axis 620a1 of the oval profile is approximately Consistent with the longitudinal direction 431 (shown in FIG. 6) of the first opening 430 a, the direction of the short axis 620 a 2 of the elliptical profile is substantially consistent with the width direction 432 (shown in FIG. 6) of the first opening 430 a.

FIG. 9 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The pixel structure 700 of the seventh embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 400 of FIG. 6. This embodiment uses FIG. 9 to describe the pixel structure 700. It is worth noting that in FIG. 9, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components, so the components explained in FIG. 6 will not be described again here. Referring to FIG. 9, the pixel structure 700 of the seventh embodiment is similar to the pixel structure 400 of FIG. 6, except that the outline of the second opening 720a may have a rhombus outline, and the long diagonal line 720a1 of the rhombus outline is substantially in the direction Consistent with the longitudinal direction 431 (illustrated in FIG. 6) of the first opening 430 a, the direction of the short diagonal 720 a 2 of the rhombus profile is substantially consistent with the width direction 432 (illustrated in FIG. 6) of the first opening 430 a.

The embodiments shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 to FIG. 9 are to adjust the first opening and / or the second opening in the pixel structure, so that the liquid crystal display panel composed of the pixel structure of the above embodiment can be adjusted. Different embodiments for reducing the response time of the liquid crystal and reducing the driving cross-voltage. The pixel structure of the foregoing embodiment can be replaced, combined, or arranged in a single liquid crystal display panel and / or changed in quantity. For example, a plurality of pixel structures in a single liquid crystal display panel may be composed of one or more of the foregoing embodiments, or a plurality of first openings in a single pixel structure and / The plurality of second openings may have the same or different shapes or sizes.

In order to explain that the pixel structure of the present invention can reduce the response time of the liquid crystal in the display panel, and can reduce the driving cross-voltage of the display panel, the following test example is taken as an illustration. However, these test examples are not intended to specifically limit the scope of the present invention.

The following test examples are for the liquid crystal in the display panel between the liquid crystal display panel composed of the pixel structure of the above embodiment and the liquid crystal display panel (ie, the comparative example) composed of the pixel structure without the second opening. Comparison of response time and drive trans-pressure.

The liquid crystal display panels of Test Examples 1-1 to 1-3 of FIG. 10 have the pixel structure 100 in FIG. 3, but Test Examples 1-1 to 1-3 have different minimum distances S (that is, the smallest Size), where the minimum distance S of Test Example 1-1 is 0.5 μm, the minimum distance S of Test Example 1-2 is 1.0 μm, and the minimum distance S of Test Example 1-3 is 1.5 μm. In detail, the relationship diagram in FIG. 10 shows the liquid crystal reaction time (labeled RT) of the test example and the comparative example with a hollow diamond pattern, and the driving cross-pressure (labeled Voltage) of the test example and the comparative example with a solid square pattern. The ratio of the area of the second opening 120a to the area of the first opening 130a (labeled Area) between different test cases is indicated by a ╳ pattern. In the relationship diagram of FIG. 10, the vertical axis is the relative ratio of the above parameters, and the horizontal axis indicates individual sample examples. As can be seen from FIG. 10, when the second opening 120 a is provided, it can help to reduce the response time of the liquid crystal and reduce the driving cross-pressure.

The liquid crystal display panels of Test Examples 2-1 to 2-3 of FIG. 11 have the pixel structure 300 in FIG. 5, but Test Examples 2-1 to 2-3 have different diameters d of the second openings 320 a, where the test examples are The diameter d of 2-1 is 3 μm, the diameter d of Test Example 2-2 is 4 μm, and the diameter d of Test Example 2-3 is 5 μm. In detail, the relationship diagram of FIG. 11 shows the liquid crystal reaction time (labeled RT) of the test example and the comparative example with a hollow diamond pattern, and the driving cross-pressure (labeled Voltage) of the test example and the comparative example with a solid square pattern. The ratio of the area of the second opening 120a to the area of the first opening 130a (labeled Area) between different test cases is indicated by a ╳ pattern. In the relationship diagram of FIG. 11, the vertical axis is the relative ratio of the above parameters, and the horizontal axis indicates individual sample examples. As can be seen from FIG. 11, although the outline of the second opening 120 a is different from that of the first opening 130 a, when the second opening 120 a is provided, it can help reduce the response time of the liquid crystal and reduce the driving cross-voltage.

In summary, the liquid crystal display panel composed of the pixel structure of the present invention can reduce the response time of the liquid crystal and reduce the driving cross-voltage.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with the examples, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some modifications and retouching without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700‧‧‧ pixel structure

10‧‧‧Display Panel

11‧‧‧ the first substrate

12‧‧‧Display media layer

12a‧‧‧thickness

13‧‧‧second substrate

15‧‧‧alignment film

15a‧‧‧Alignment direction

17‧‧‧color filter pattern

110‧‧‧first electrode

120‧‧‧ Insulation

120a, 320a, 420a, 520a, 620a, 720a‧‧‧Second opening

620a1‧‧‧ long axis

620a2 ‧‧‧ short axis

720a1‧‧‧long diagonal

720a2‧‧‧short diagonal

121‧‧‧ Peripheral

130‧‧‧Second electrode

130a, 430a‧‧‧First opening

430a1‧‧‧middle

430a2‧‧‧ both sides

131, 431‧‧‧length

131a‧‧‧First angle of intersection

132, 432‧‧‧Width direction

132a‧‧‧ second intersection

140‧‧‧component layer

S‧‧‧distance

d‧‧‧diameter

α‧‧‧ Outside Angle

θ‧‧‧ angle

FIG. 1a is a schematic partial perspective view of a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1b is a schematic top view of a pixel structure in the display panel of FIG. 1a. FIG. 1c is a schematic partial top view of the pixel structure of FIG. 1b. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to the line A-A 'in FIG. 1b. FIG. 3 is a schematic partial perspective view of the pixel structure of FIG. 1b. FIG. 4 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic partial perspective view of a pixel structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic partial top view of a pixel structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the area of the second opening to the area of the first opening of the liquid crystal display panels of Test Examples 1-1 to 1-3 of the present invention, the liquid crystal reaction time, and the driving cross-voltage. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the area of the second opening to the area of the first opening of the liquid crystal display panels of Test Examples 2-1 to 2-3 of the present invention, the liquid crystal reaction time, and the driving cross-voltage.

Claims (14)

A pixel structure includes: a first electrode; a second electrode located above the first electrode, a first opening having a closed profile; and a first insulating layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode Between the electrodes, and the first insulating layer has a second opening with a closed profile, the second opening does not shield the first electrode, the second opening communicates with the first opening, and the size of the second opening is smaller than the first opening The size of an opening. The first insulating layer includes a peripheral portion between a contour edge of the second opening and a contour edge of the first opening. The contour of the first opening and the contour of the second opening are respectively different. Geometry. A pixel structure is disposed between a first substrate and a second substrate to form a display panel, which includes: a first electrode; a second electrode, which is located above the first electrode, and has a closed outline. An opening; a first insulating layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first insulating layer has a second opening with a closed profile, the second opening does not shield the first electrode, the The second opening communicates with the first opening and the size of the second opening is smaller than the size of the first opening. The first insulating layer includes a peripheral portion located between a contour edge of the second opening and a contour edge of the first opening. And an alignment film disposed on the first substrate, wherein the first opening has a length direction and a width direction intersecting the length direction, and the alignment direction of the alignment film and the length direction of the first opening The intersection angle of is smaller than the intersection angle of the alignment direction of the alignment film and the width direction of the first opening. The pixel structure according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the outline of the first opening and the outline of the second opening have substantially the same shape. The pixel structure according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the peripheral portion of the first insulating layer is a ring pattern. The pixel structure according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the minimum size of the peripheral portion is not less than 1 micron. The pixel structure according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the display panel further includes a display medium layer, wherein the first electrode, the first insulating layer, and the second electrode are sequentially disposed on the display electrode. On the first substrate, the display medium layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a product of a birefringence difference of the display medium layer and a thickness of the display medium layer is 340 nm to 450 nm Meter range. The pixel structure according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein a ratio of an area of the second opening to an area of the first opening is 10% to 80%. The pixel structure according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the geometric center of the first opening overlaps with the geometric center of the second opening. The pixel structure according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the first opening has a hexagonal outline. The pixel structure according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first opening has a length direction, and the dimensional change of the first opening along the length direction decreases from the center of the first opening to both sides. . The pixel structure according to item 10 of the patent application scope, wherein the first opening includes a middle portion and two side portions, the middle portion is located between the two side portions, and the middle portion is along the length direction The dimensional change of is reduced from the center of the middle portion to the two side portions by a first reduction and deceleration rate, and the dimensional change of the two side portions along the length direction is changed from the middle portion by a second reduction and reduction rate. It decreases outwards, and the first deceleration rate is greater than the second deceleration rate. The pixel structure according to item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the first opening has a length direction, and the length direction is parallel to the short side of the pixel structure. A display panel includes: a plurality of pixel structures as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one pixel structure has a plurality of first openings, and the first openings are arranged in the same orientation. A display panel includes: a plurality of pixel structures as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one pixel structure has a plurality of first openings, and the first openings are arranged in an offset manner.