TWI464998B - Vehicle rechargeable battery control system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Vehicle rechargeable battery control system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI464998B TWI464998B TW101123467A TW101123467A TWI464998B TW I464998 B TWI464998 B TW I464998B TW 101123467 A TW101123467 A TW 101123467A TW 101123467 A TW101123467 A TW 101123467A TW I464998 B TWI464998 B TW I464998B
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- rechargeable battery
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 6
- 210000004508 polar body Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
本發明是有關於一種汽車供電系統及其控制方法，且特別是有關於一種延長充電電池壽命之汽車充電電池控制系統及其控制方法。The invention relates to an automobile power supply system and a control method thereof, and in particular to an automobile rechargeable battery control system for extending the life of a rechargeable battery and a control method thereof.
汽車之充電電池一般分為鎳氫電池、鋰化合物電池及鉛酸電池三種，其中鋰電池由於其無毒、環保且無記憶效應，被廣泛地使用。但其使用壽命還是不夠長，且鋰電池必須考慮充放電時的效應，以防止鋰電池特性劣化，購置新充電電池並不便宜，因此如何延長充電電池的使用壽命就顯得重要。The rechargeable battery of a car is generally divided into three types: a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium compound battery, and a lead-acid battery, and the lithium battery is widely used because of its non-toxicity, environmental protection, and no memory effect. However, its service life is not long enough, and the lithium battery must consider the effect of charging and discharging, in order to prevent the deterioration of the characteristics of the lithium battery, it is not cheap to purchase a new rechargeable battery, so how to extend the service life of the rechargeable battery is important.
如第1a圖所示，一般汽車裡的充電電池控制系統，其包含一充電電池110、一啟動馬達120、一發電機130、一引擎140及附屬裝置電路150。汽車之充電電池110通常具有4個充電電池芯，而一個充電電池芯提供典型電壓值為3.2伏特，最大值為3.6伏特的電壓。因此，充電電池110提供大約14伏特的電壓給啟動馬達120，用以發動引擎140，引擎140發動之後會啟動發電機130，如此發電機130可對充電電池110充電及提供電力給附屬裝置電路150。As shown in FIG. 1a, a rechargeable battery control system in a general automobile includes a rechargeable battery 110, a starter motor 120, a generator 130, an engine 140, and an accessory circuit 150. The rechargeable battery 110 of a car typically has four rechargeable cells, while a rechargeable battery cell provides a typical voltage of 3.2 volts and a maximum of 3.6 volts. Accordingly, the rechargeable battery 110 provides a voltage of approximately 14 volts to the starter motor 120 for launching the engine 140. After the engine 140 is started, the generator 130 is activated such that the generator 130 can charge and provide power to the accessory device circuit 150. .
上述汽車充電電池控制系統中，發電機130連接充電電池110之正極而對其充電。充電電池110在充電及放電的開始與結束時，電壓的瞬間變化非常強烈，所以當各個 充電電池芯的電壓有差異時，發電機130仍然無限制地對高電壓的充電電池芯充電，引起充電電池芯過度充電而傷害到充電電池110的內部結構。In the above-described car rechargeable battery control system, the generator 130 is connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery 110 to charge it. At the beginning and end of charging and discharging of the rechargeable battery 110, the instantaneous change of the voltage is very strong, so when each When the voltages of the rechargeable battery cells are different, the generator 130 still charges the high voltage rechargeable battery cells without restriction, causing the rechargeable battery cells to overcharge and harming the internal structure of the rechargeable battery 110.
如第1b圖所示，另有一種習知汽車充電電池之控制系統，其系統架構與上述相同，但加入一電池管理裝置160於發電機130對充電電池110充電之路徑，電池管理裝置160接收發電機130產生之電力並偵測充電電池110狀態，藉此能管理充電電池110。但由圖式可知，充電電池110所提供之電力不能提供給附屬裝置電路150使用；為了使充電電池110供電給附屬裝置電路150，一旦使其電路導通，發電機130產生之電力便會經附屬裝置電路150之接點後連接充電電池110之正極，導致充電電池110有過度充電之問題。As shown in FIG. 1b, there is another conventional control system for a car rechargeable battery, the system architecture of which is the same as described above, but a battery management device 160 is added to the path of the generator 130 charging the rechargeable battery 110, and the battery management device 160 receives The power generated by the generator 130 detects the state of the rechargeable battery 110, whereby the rechargeable battery 110 can be managed. However, as can be seen from the figure, the power provided by the rechargeable battery 110 cannot be supplied to the accessory device circuit 150; in order to supply the rechargeable battery 110 to the accessory device circuit 150, once the circuit is turned on, the power generated by the generator 130 is attached. After the contact of the device circuit 150 is connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery 110, the rechargeable battery 110 has a problem of overcharging.
因此，本發明之一態樣之一實施方式是在提供一種汽車充電電池控制系統，配合於汽車之一啟動電路，汽車充電電池控制系統包含一充電電池、一二極體、一附屬裝置電路及一電池管理裝置。充電電池連接啟動電路之一輸入端。二極體具有一正極連接充電電池。附屬裝置電路連接二極體之一負極及啟動電路之一輸出端。電池管理裝置連接充電電池及啟動電路之輸出端。Therefore, one embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle charging battery control system, which is coupled to a starting circuit of a vehicle. The vehicle charging battery control system includes a rechargeable battery, a diode, and an accessory circuit. A battery management device. The rechargeable battery is connected to one of the input terminals of the startup circuit. The diode has a positive connection to the rechargeable battery. The accessory circuit is connected to one of the negative poles of the diode and one of the output terminals of the starting circuit. The battery management device is connected to the output of the rechargeable battery and the startup circuit.
上述實施方式藉由在汽車充電電池控制系統裡設置一二極體，其能防止習知傳統汽車充電電池之控制系統，充電電池因過度充電而導致破壞原本電池內部結構，影響充 電電池特性。藉由此實施方式設計，能在引擎未發動時，由充電電池對汽車馬達與其他汽車之電子裝置供電，增加了使用者之方便性及延長充電電池的壽命。In the above embodiment, a diode is disposed in the vehicle rechargeable battery control system, which can prevent the control system of the conventional automobile rechargeable battery, and the rechargeable battery is damaged due to overcharging, thereby destroying the internal structure of the original battery and affecting the charging. Electric battery characteristics. By adopting the design of the embodiment, the electric motor of the automobile motor and other automobiles can be powered by the rechargeable battery when the engine is not started, which increases the convenience of the user and prolongs the life of the rechargeable battery.
依據本發明一實施例，上述輸入端為一馬達。輸出端為一發電機。其中電池管理裝置包含一電池管理單元、一電池控制單元、一電壓偵測單元及一溫度偵測單元。其中充電電池具有至少一個充電電池芯，而充電電池芯可為一鋰化合物電池芯。上述鋰化合物電池芯可為一磷酸鋰鐵(LiFePO4 )電池芯、一鋰鈷(LiCoO2 )電池芯、一鋰錳(LiMn2 O4 )電池芯。充電電池更可包含四個磷酸鋰鐵電池芯。According to an embodiment of the invention, the input end is a motor. The output is a generator. The battery management device comprises a battery management unit, a battery control unit, a voltage detection unit and a temperature detection unit. The rechargeable battery has at least one rechargeable battery core, and the rechargeable battery core can be a lithium compound battery core. The lithium compound battery cell may be a lithium iron monophosphate (LiFePO 4 ) battery core, a lithium cobalt (LiCoO 2 ) battery core, or a lithium manganese (LiMn 2 O 4 ) battery core. The rechargeable battery can also contain four lithium iron phosphate battery cells.
依據本發明之另一態樣之一實施方式是在提供一種應用汽車充電電池控制系統之方法，其如以下所述：連接一二極體之一正極於一充電電池。使二極體之一負極連接一附屬裝置電路及一啟動電路之一輸出端。令二極體順偏時，充電電池提供一順向電流給附屬裝置電路。令二極體逆偏時，使啟動電路之輸出端與充電電池為斷路。One embodiment in accordance with another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method of applying a vehicle rechargeable battery control system as described below: connecting a positive electrode of a diode to a rechargeable battery. One of the diodes is connected to an auxiliary device circuit and an output of one of the starting circuits. When the diode is biased, the rechargeable battery provides a forward current to the accessory circuit. When the diode is reverse biased, the output end of the starting circuit is disconnected from the rechargeable battery.
本發明之汽車充電電池控制系統之方法，由於外加了一二極體，當二極體逆偏時將發電機連接充電電池之正極的電流路徑阻隔，使其成為斷路，但充電電池又能連接至汽車附屬裝置電路進而提供電力給汽車裡其他電子裝置，成為一個低成本但有效解決充電電池充放電困擾的發明。The method for controlling the system of the automobile rechargeable battery of the present invention, because a diode is added, when the diode is reversely biased, the current path connecting the generator to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery is blocked, so that the circuit is broken, but the rechargeable battery can be connected. It is an invention that is low-cost but effectively solves the problem of charge and discharge of rechargeable batteries, to the circuit of the car accessory device and then to provide power to other electronic devices in the car.
請參照第2圖，其繪示依照本發明一態樣之一實施方式的一種汽車充電電池控制系統之示意圖。汽車充電電 池控制系統包含一充電電池210、一二極體220、一附屬裝置電路230、一電池管理裝置240、一啟動電路250。其中充電電池210連接啟動電路250之一輸入端254，提供電力給啟動電路250，使汽車發動。而二極體220之正極連接充電電池210，二極體220之負極則連接附屬裝置電路230及啟動電路250之一輸出端255。電池管理裝置240連接充電電池210及啟動電路250之輸出端255。充電電池210具有四個充電電池芯(未圖示)，充電電池芯可為一鋰化合物電池芯，如一磷酸鋰鐵電池芯、一鋰鈷電池芯或一鋰錳電池芯。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a vehicle rechargeable battery control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Car charging The pool control system includes a rechargeable battery 210, a diode 220, an accessory circuit 230, a battery management device 240, and a startup circuit 250. The rechargeable battery 210 is connected to one of the input terminals 254 of the start-up circuit 250 to supply power to the start-up circuit 250 to cause the vehicle to start. The anode of the diode 220 is connected to the rechargeable battery 210, and the cathode of the diode 220 is connected to the output terminal 255 of the accessory circuit 230 and the startup circuit 250. The battery management device 240 connects the rechargeable battery 210 and the output 255 of the startup circuit 250. The rechargeable battery 210 has four rechargeable battery cells (not shown), and the rechargeable battery cells can be a lithium compound battery core, such as a lithium iron phosphate battery core, a lithium cobalt battery core, or a lithium manganese battery core.
請同時參照第3圖，其係繪示依照本發明另一實施例的一種汽車充電電池控制系統之示意圖，上述啟動電路250可包含一引擎253、一發電機252、一馬達251。其中啟動電路250之輸出端255為一發電機252，啟動電路250之輸入端254為一馬達251，引擎253連接馬達251及發電機252。本實施例中之充電電池210具有四個磷酸鋰鐵電池芯(未圖示)。充電電池210提供電力給馬達251，當馬達251啟動後使得引擎253發動，引擎253帶動發電機252，發電機252便經由電池管理裝置240提供充電電池210電力。電池管理裝置240監測充電電池210，電池管理裝置240包含一電池管理單元241、一電池控制單元242、一電壓偵測單元243及一溫度偵測單元244。電壓偵測單元243及溫度偵測單元244量測充電電池210之電壓及溫度，並將此資訊上傳到電池管理單元241及電池控制單元242，藉此監控及管理充電電池210。當二極體220逆偏時 將發電機252連接充電電池210之正極的電流路徑阻隔，使其成為斷路；當二極體220順偏時，充電電池210連接至附屬裝置電路230進而提供電力給汽車裡其他電子裝置，且發電機252提供之電力經電池管理裝置240管控後對充電電池210充電，使充電電池210不至於過度充電。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a vehicle charging battery control system according to another embodiment of the present invention. The starting circuit 250 can include an engine 253, a generator 252, and a motor 251. The output end 255 of the starting circuit 250 is a generator 252, the input end 254 of the starting circuit 250 is a motor 251, and the engine 253 is connected to the motor 251 and the generator 252. The rechargeable battery 210 in this embodiment has four lithium iron phosphate battery cells (not shown). The rechargeable battery 210 provides power to the motor 251. When the motor 251 is activated, the engine 253 is activated, the engine 253 drives the generator 252, and the generator 252 provides the rechargeable battery 210 power via the battery management device 240. The battery management device 240 monitors the rechargeable battery 210. The battery management device 240 includes a battery management unit 241, a battery control unit 242, a voltage detecting unit 243, and a temperature detecting unit 244. The voltage detecting unit 243 and the temperature detecting unit 244 measure the voltage and temperature of the rechargeable battery 210, and upload the information to the battery management unit 241 and the battery control unit 242, thereby monitoring and managing the rechargeable battery 210. When the diode 220 is reverse biased The current path of the generator 252 is connected to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery 210 to make it an open circuit; when the diode 220 is biased, the rechargeable battery 210 is connected to the accessory circuit 230 to provide power to other electronic devices in the car. The power provided by the motor 252 is controlled by the battery management device 240 to charge the rechargeable battery 210 so that the rechargeable battery 210 is not overcharged.
請參照第4圖，其係繪示依照本發明之另一態樣之一實施方式的一種應用汽車充電電池控制系統之方法，如以下所述。步驟310連接一二極體之一正極於一充電電池。步驟320使二極體之一負極連接一附屬裝置電路及一啟動電路之一輸出端。步驟330令二極體順偏時，充電電池提供一順向電流給附屬裝置電路。步驟340令二極體逆偏時，使啟動電路之輸出端與充電電池為斷路。Please refer to FIG. 4, which illustrates a method for applying a vehicle rechargeable battery control system according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, as described below. Step 310 connects a positive electrode of one of the diodes to a rechargeable battery. Step 320 connects a negative electrode of one of the diodes to an output of an accessory circuit and a start circuit. In step 330, when the diode is biased, the rechargeable battery provides a forward current to the accessory circuit. In step 340, when the diode is reverse biased, the output end of the starting circuit is disconnected from the rechargeable battery.
由上述本發明可知，應用本發明具有下列優點。本發明於發電機連接充電電池的電流路徑加了一二極體。當二極體逆偏時將發電機連接充電電池之正極的電流路徑阻隔，使其成為斷路；當二極體順偏時，充電電池連接至汽車附屬裝置電路進而提供電力給汽車裡其他電子裝置。另外電池管理裝置對充電電池做有效地監控及管理，使本發明能有效利用發電機提供之電力，進而解決充電電池過度充電之問題。It will be apparent from the above-described invention that the application of the present invention has the following advantages. The invention adds a diode to the current path of the generator connected to the rechargeable battery. When the diode is reverse biased, the current path of the generator connected to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery is blocked, so that it becomes an open circuit; when the diode is reversed, the rechargeable battery is connected to the car accessory circuit to provide power to other electronic devices in the car. . In addition, the battery management device effectively monitors and manages the rechargeable battery, so that the present invention can effectively utilize the power provided by the generator, thereby solving the problem of overcharging of the rechargeable battery.
雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention can be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached.
110‧‧‧充電電池110‧‧‧Rechargeable battery
120‧‧‧啟動馬達120‧‧‧Starting motor
130‧‧‧發電機130‧‧‧Generator
140‧‧‧引擎140‧‧‧ engine
150‧‧‧附屬裝置電路150‧‧‧Attach device circuit
160‧‧‧電池管理裝置160‧‧‧Battery management device
210‧‧‧充電電池210‧‧‧Rechargeable battery
220‧‧‧二極體220‧‧‧ diode
230‧‧‧附屬裝置電路230‧‧‧Attach device circuit
240‧‧‧電池管理裝置240‧‧‧Battery management device
241‧‧‧電池管理單元241‧‧‧Battery Management Unit
242‧‧‧電池控制單元242‧‧‧Battery Control Unit
243‧‧‧電壓偵測單元243‧‧‧Voltage detection unit
244‧‧‧溫度偵測單元244‧‧‧Temperature detection unit
250‧‧‧啟動電路250‧‧‧Starting circuit
251‧‧‧馬達251‧‧ ‧ motor
252‧‧‧發電機252‧‧‧Generator
253‧‧‧引擎253‧‧‧ Engine
254‧‧‧輸入端254‧‧‧ input
255‧‧‧輸出端255‧‧‧output
310‧‧‧步驟310‧‧‧Steps
320‧‧‧步驟320‧‧‧Steps
330‧‧‧步驟330‧‧‧Steps
340‧‧‧步驟340‧‧‧Steps
第1a圖是習知汽車充電電池控制系統之示意圖。Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of a conventional car rechargeable battery control system.
第1b圖是另一習知汽車充電電池控制系統之示意圖。Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of another conventional automotive rechargeable battery control system.
第2圖係繪示依照本發明一態樣之一實施方式的一種汽車充電電池控制系統之示意圖。2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle rechargeable battery control system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖係繪示依照本發明一態樣之一實施例的一種汽車充電電池控制系統之示意圖。3 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle rechargeable battery control system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖係繪示依照本發明之另一態樣之一實施方式的一種應用汽車充電電池控制系統之方法之流程圖。4 is a flow chart showing a method of applying a vehicle rechargeable battery control system in accordance with an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention.
210‧‧‧充電電池210‧‧‧Rechargeable battery
220‧‧‧二極體220‧‧‧ diode
230‧‧‧附屬裝置電路230‧‧‧Attach device circuit
240‧‧‧電池管理裝置240‧‧‧Battery management device
241‧‧‧電池管理單元241‧‧‧Battery Management Unit
242‧‧‧電池控制單元242‧‧‧Battery Control Unit
243‧‧‧電壓偵測單元243‧‧‧Voltage detection unit
244‧‧‧溫度偵測單元244‧‧‧Temperature detection unit
250‧‧‧啟動電路250‧‧‧Starting circuit
251‧‧‧馬達251‧‧ ‧ motor
252‧‧‧發電機252‧‧‧Generator
253‧‧‧引擎253‧‧‧ Engine
254‧‧‧輸入端254‧‧‧ input
255‧‧‧輸出端255‧‧‧output
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101123467A TWI464998B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Vehicle rechargeable battery control system and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101123467A TWI464998B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Vehicle rechargeable battery control system and control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201401716A TW201401716A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| TWI464998B true TWI464998B (en) | 2014-12-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101123467A TWI464998B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Vehicle rechargeable battery control system and control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI464998B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWM306277U (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-02-11 | Meng-Yi Shie | Electricity generating and charging apparatus for electric vehicle |
| TW201021362A (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-06-01 | Stl Energy Technology S Pte Ltd | Battery pack and method of battery pack power management |
| TWM420111U (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-01-01 | Kentfa Advanced Technology Corp | Parallel connection protection device suitable for battery sets with different battery cell |
| TWM420109U (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-01-01 | Evertec Technology Co Ltd | Portable power supply device |
-
2012
- 2012-06-29 TW TW101123467A patent/TWI464998B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWM306277U (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-02-11 | Meng-Yi Shie | Electricity generating and charging apparatus for electric vehicle |
| TW201021362A (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-06-01 | Stl Energy Technology S Pte Ltd | Battery pack and method of battery pack power management |
| TWM420109U (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-01-01 | Evertec Technology Co Ltd | Portable power supply device |
| TWM420111U (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-01-01 | Kentfa Advanced Technology Corp | Parallel connection protection device suitable for battery sets with different battery cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201401716A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |