1267398 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種處理方法，特別是指一種用於已 使用過之廢棄切削液的處理方法。 【先前技術】1267398 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a processing method, and more particularly to a processing method for a used cutting fluid that has been used. [Prior Art]
為了提高金屬切削加工效果而在加工過程中，通常都 會將切削液注入工件與刀具之間，以達到冷卻、潤滑、清 洗防鏽等效果。該切削液通常可分為切削油、乳化液， /、化+切削液二大類，依據金屬切削加工的實施要求，分 別適用在不同場合的切削加工過程中。 切削加工過程中所產生的金屬粉末會與該切削液混合 而形成廢棄切削液，對於刀具壽命、加工精密度、切削液 壽命皆有相當不良的影響，尤其目前台灣金屬加工業成長 迅速，舉凡汽車、航太、模具、家電等產業，皆會使用到 切削液，因此使得廢棄切削液數量極多，大約每年約可產 出1 〇〇萬桶（53加侖/每桶）的廢棄切削液，尤其在目前環保 意識抬頭之現代社會，若是將廢棄切削液未加處理即予以 排放，更是會被求予重責與罰款。因此，如何處理回收廢 棄切削液便成為相當重要的課題。 一般廢棄切削液之回收方法可概分為兩種，一為廠外 回收’另一則為廠内回收。廠外回收是指把廢棄切削液以 自然的沈澱方式，使其中所含有之金屬粉末予以沈殿，作 是此種方式需耗費許多’時間，並且通常只有重量較重的車 大金屬粉末才能產生沈殿，重量較輕的較小金屬於末通 5 1267398 還是形成懸浮狀態，所以此種 、 搜’兄爲1方式所產生的回收切削 液’其品質較為不佳，而且方 丑在t過多次回收再利用之後， 該回收切削液還是會被集巾送至料回收處理。 廢棄切削液的廠外回收太4 t 做外口收方式，則是把廢棄切削液作為 燃料或再次精煉以當作次级口 ^ 田忭人、及口口使用，倘若欲作為燃料，通 系遥須再添加適當比例的f、、丄祕、、， 重油後运入鍋爐或焚化爐等設備 中燃燒’然而此舉不但因為雲链^ ^ 而額外支付重油成本，導致效In order to improve the metal cutting effect, the cutting fluid is usually injected between the workpiece and the tool during the machining process to achieve cooling, lubrication, cleaning and rust prevention. The cutting fluid can be generally divided into two types: cutting oil, emulsion, /, chemical + cutting fluid. According to the implementation requirements of metal cutting, it can be applied to the cutting process in different occasions. The metal powder generated during the cutting process mixes with the cutting fluid to form a waste cutting fluid, which has a considerable adverse effect on tool life, machining precision, and cutting fluid life. In particular, the current metal processing industry in Taiwan has grown rapidly. In the aerospace, mold, home appliance and other industries, the cutting fluid is used, so the amount of waste cutting fluid is extremely large, and about 1 million barrels (53 gallons per barrel) of waste cutting fluid can be produced every year. In the modern society where environmental awareness is on the rise, if the waste cutting fluid is discharged without treatment, it will be subject to heavy responsibilities and fines. Therefore, how to deal with the recycling of discarded cutting fluid has become a very important issue. Generally, the recovery method of waste cutting fluid can be divided into two types, one for off-site recycling and the other for in-plant recycling. Off-site recycling refers to the natural precipitation of the waste cutting fluid, so that the metal powder contained in it is immersed in the temple. It takes a lot of time to do this, and usually only the heavy metal powder of the car can produce the pedestal. The lighter weight of the smaller metal is still in suspension at the end of 5 1267398, so this kind of search, the brother's recovery of the cutting fluid produced by the 1 way is not good, and the ugly is recycled many times. After use, the recovered cutting fluid is still sent to the material recovery process by the towel. If the waste cutting fluid is recycled outside the factory for 4 t, the waste cutting fluid is used as fuel or re-refined as a secondary port. It is necessary to add an appropriate proportion of f, 丄 secret, and heavy oil to the boiler or incinerator and other equipment for combustion. However, this is not only because of the cloud chain ^ ^ but also pays extra heavy oil costs, resulting in
益不高，更有形成二次污染環境之虞。再者，不論是將廢 棄切削液作為燃料在焚化爐中焚燒或再次精煉，由於其中 =有切削過程中殘留之金屬粉末，—旦遇上高溫高熱便报 容易產生爆炸’操作過程都具有相#的危險性。 廠内回收則是利用-種過遽淨化裝置，對廢棄切削液 進行過濾與分離作用，去除廢棄切削液中的固體雜質，藉 :延長切削液之使用壽命以及改善加工品質。藉由上述： =計，雖可將使用中的切削液予以過渡淨化處王里，但是長 時=使用重複過渡的切㈣，切削液内部的雜f會隨著^ 用％間而增多’使得該過濾淨化裝置也不易保持正常的過 濾淨化效率，以致於該切削液之品質愈來愈差，終致無法 繼續使用，$而在;見今社會累積數量龐大且難以處理的廢 棄切削液。 、，倘有不與業者，為了節省處理費用，任意傾倒廢棄切 削液，將會對環境產生無法預期之破壞，試想每年產生的 廢棄切削液任意傾倒流入山谷河川，污染沿海生態，恐非 世人之祸，因此，在環保意識抬頭的今日，如何在兼具成 1267398 本考量之下’有效地處理廢棄切削液，使其符合安全 :向可再利用性等目標’便成為相關業者亟欲發展研究的 【發明内容】 因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種切削液之處理方 法’使切肖im的處理過程符合安全、環保、可 目標。 哥The benefits are not high, and there is a tendency to form a secondary pollution environment. Furthermore, whether the waste cutting fluid is incinerated or re-refined in the incinerator as a fuel, since it has the metal powder remaining in the cutting process, it is easy to produce an explosion when it encounters high temperature and high heat. The danger. In-plant recycling uses a kind of over-purification purification device to filter and separate the waste cutting fluid to remove solid impurities in the waste cutting fluid, thereby extending the service life of the cutting fluid and improving the processing quality. With the above: =, although the cutting fluid in use can be used as a transitional purification in the king, but long time = the use of repeated transitions (four), the internal impurity f in the cutting fluid will increase with the use of % The filter purification device is also not easy to maintain the normal filtration and purification efficiency, so that the quality of the cutting fluid is getting worse and worse, and it is impossible to continue to use it. In the present society, a large amount of waste cutting fluid which is complicated and difficult to handle is accumulated. If there is any unworked person, in order to save the processing cost, dumping the waste cutting fluid arbitrarily will cause unpredictable damage to the environment. Imagine that the discarded cutting fluid produced every year can be dumped into the valley rivers at will, polluting the coastal ecology, and it is not the world's Therefore, in today's environmental awareness, how to effectively treat waste cutting fluids to meet safety requirements: to reusability and other objectives, has become a researcher SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating a cutting fluid, which makes the processing of the cut-off im safe, environmentally friendly, and target. brother
、於是，本發明切削液之處理方法，包含一荒集步驟、 一添酸步驟，及一靜置反應步驟。 首先於該蕙集步驟中，匯集預定容量且已使用過之廢 棄切削液，接著進行該添酸步驟，將一體積百分比 10%〜25%之酸性液體添加於平衡量之廢棄切削液中，以得 到-混合⑱，然後再進行該靜置反應步驟，將_混合物於 室溫下靜E 6小時以上，以使該混合物產生反應，並逐漸 分離為一處理液，以及一位於該處理液下方之沈澱液。 本發明之功效在於，將該酸性液體與廢棄切削液兩者 以上述適當體積百分比加以混合，然後再於室溫下靜置6 小时以上，便能順利地將該廢棄切削液予以分離而得到該 處理液與沈澱液，此兩者皆可經過後續處理，轉作其他用 途（例如潤滑油、電鐘液等），藉此提高廢棄切削液之可再利 用性，並且在廢棄切削液的處理過程中，符合安全、環保 等原則。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 1267398 以下配合芩考圖式之二較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將玎清 楚的呈現。 在本發明被詳細描述之前，要注意的是，在以下的說 明中，類似的元件是以才目同的編號來表示。 二1 0 本發明切削液之處理方法的第一較佳實施例 ’包含-蒐集步驟1、一添酸步驟2,及一靜置反應步驟3 〇 首先於該1集步驟1中，匯集預定容量且已使用過之 苽棄切肖j /夜如j如·蒐集各個工廠内之過濾淨化裝置已無 法將其過濾淨化以保持正常品質的廢棄切削液，將該廢棄 切削液倒入一反應容器中，以方便進行大規模、大容量地 淨化處理；當然蕙集的過程並不限於須為過濾淨化裝置無 法處理的切削液，也可以至有需要處理之廢棄切削液產生 處來疋J回收’畢兄並非每個工庭都備有切削液之過濾淨 化裝置。 " 當蒐集足夠容量之廢棄切削液後，即可接著進行該添 酸步驟2，在一定容量之反應容器中（例如1〇〇〇mi之寶特瓶 )將一體積百分比1〇%〜25%之酸性液體添加於平衡量之廢棄 切削液中，以得到一混合物。在本實施例中，該添酸步驟2 中所添加之酸性液體是一濃度4〇%以上之硫酸，而實際實 鈿％，並不侷限所添加之酸性液體的種類，例如鹽酸、硝 酸、磷酸等酸性液體，皆能夠與該廢棄切削液混合而形成 該混合物。 / 然後再進行該靜置反應步驟3,將該混合物於室溫下靜 1267398 置6小時以上，該酸性液體（本實施例中是指硫酸）可使該混 合物中有效形成油水分離態樣，並將該廢棄切削液中所含 有之金屬粉末予以攜離，以使該混合物逐漸分離為一位於 反應容器中上層之油性處理液，以及一位於該處理液下層 之沈殿液，而該沈殿液則是内部存在有金屬粉末之酸水。 本發明藉由上述各項步驟，所得到的處理液是位於該 反應容器中的上層部分，可方便藉由抽取裝置將其抽出集 中回收’回收後之處理液（油脂）再經過其它後續處理程序， 便可轉作其他用途（例如可作為潤滑油、或鞋油之組成成分） ，由於此後續處理手段為熟悉該項技藝人士所能輕易轉用 與貫施，且並非本發明之特徵所在，所以不在此多加贅述 “至於位於4反應容器中的下層部分的酸水，則可以作為 電鍍液之材料’不致於類似習知之處理方式，是將廢棄切 削液作為Μ或是直接排放，對於環境生g形成極大威脅 ’因此採用本發明之處理方法，可有效提高廢棄切削液之 可再利用性，並且不會形成二次污染環境之虞。 同時，該廢棄切削液中所含有之金屬粉末在經過該靜 置反應Y驟3後，即可迅速地移轉至該沈殿液之中，相較 於一般將該廢棄切削液採用自然靜置沈殿的方式，本發明 1 斤需花費的時間顯得較為快速，可有效提高廢棄切削液之 处里效率。而且整個過程中皆不需於高溫環境令操作，因 此可降低金屬粉末於高溫高熱環境中產生爆炸的機率，其 安全性較高。 苓閱圖2’為本發明切削液之處理方法的第二較佳實施 1267398 例，該第二較佳實施例大致類似於該第一較佳實施例，不 同之處在於：該第二較佳實施例更包含-析出步驟4。 該析出步驟4中是將鋁屑料添加於該沈澱液中，使原 本較不具經濟價值的沈殺液（硫酸水），可以結晶反應析出一 具有硫酸鋁之結晶料，該結晶料（硫酸鋁）之用途可用作污水 淨化處理的材料，而該沈殿液本身（剩下的酸水）則可作為電 鍍過程中所使用的酸液材料，藉此方式進一步提高該沈澱 液的經濟價值，避免將其直接排放而形成污染生態環境之 疑慮。 除此之外，業者也可以利用濃度在40%以上之磷酸來 代替該添酸㈣2中所添加之硫酸，進而使得該靜置反應 步驟3結束後’所得到的該沈殿液是為磷酸水。鱗酸水在 經過後續處理後，即可形成農業用的磷肥或鉀肥，同樣可 以進一步提高該沈澱液的經濟價值。 歸納上述，本發明切削液之處理方法，藉由在該添酸 v驟2中將該馱性液體與廢棄切削液兩者以適當體積百 :比加以混合，然後再於該靜置反應步驟3 +，於室溫下 靜置6 j日守以上’便可將廢棄切削液予以分離而得到該處 理液與沈殿液，此兩者皆可經過後續處理，轉作其他用途（ 例如潤滑油、讀液等），藉此提高廢棄㈣液之可再利用 性，並且在廢棄切削液的處理過程中，符合安全、環保等 原則，故確實能夠達到本發明之目的。 [隹以上所述者’僅為本發明之二較佳實施例而已，當 不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專 10 1267398 利fe圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆 仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一流程圖，說明本發明切削液之處理方法的第 較佳實施例；及Therefore, the method for treating the cutting fluid of the present invention comprises a waste collection step, an acid addition step, and a static reaction step. First, in the collecting step, a predetermined amount of used cutting fluid is collected, and then the acid adding step is performed, and a volume percentage of 10% to 25% of the acidic liquid is added to the balance amount of the waste cutting fluid to Obtaining - mixing 18, and then performing the standing reaction step, the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for more than 6 hours to allow the mixture to react, and gradually separated into a treatment liquid, and one is located below the treatment liquid. Precipitate. The effect of the present invention is that the acidic liquid and the waste cutting fluid are mixed in the above appropriate volume percentage, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 6 hours or more, the waste cutting fluid can be smoothly separated to obtain the The treatment liquid and the precipitation liquid, both of which can be subjected to subsequent treatment and converted into other uses (for example, lubricating oil, electric clock liquid, etc.), thereby improving the reusability of the waste cutting fluid and processing the waste cutting fluid. In line with the principles of safety and environmental protection. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the second embodiment of the present invention. Before the present invention has been described in detail, it is noted that in the following description, like elements are represented by the same number. A first preferred embodiment of the method for treating a cutting fluid according to the present invention comprises: a collecting step 1, an acid adding step 2, and a standing reaction step 3, first in the first set of step 1, collecting predetermined capacities And it has been used to discard the cut j/night, such as j. · Collecting the filter purification device in each factory has been unable to filter and purify it to maintain the normal quality of the waste cutting fluid, the waste cutting fluid is poured into a reaction vessel. In order to facilitate the large-scale, large-capacity purification treatment; of course, the collection process is not limited to the cutting fluid that cannot be processed by the filtration purification device, or it can be recycled to the waste cutting fluid where it needs to be treated. Brothers do not have a filter cleaning device for cutting fluid in every workshop. " When collecting enough cutting waste fluid, you can proceed to the acid addition step 2, in a certain volume of the reaction vessel (for example, 1 〇〇〇mi Bao special bottle) will be a volume percentage of 1〇%~25 The % acidic liquid is added to a balanced amount of waste cutting fluid to obtain a mixture. In the present embodiment, the acidic liquid added in the acid addition step 2 is a sulfuric acid having a concentration of more than 4% by weight, and the actual actual % is not limited to the type of the acidic liquid to be added, such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid. An acidic liquid can be mixed with the waste cutting fluid to form the mixture. / Then, the static reaction step 3 is carried out, and the mixture is allowed to stand at 1267398 for 6 hours or more at room temperature. The acidic liquid (in this embodiment, sulfuric acid) can effectively form an oil-water separation state in the mixture, and Carrying away the metal powder contained in the waste cutting fluid, so that the mixture is gradually separated into an oily treatment liquid located in the upper layer of the reaction vessel, and a sediment liquid located in the lower layer of the treatment liquid, and the sediment liquid is There is an acid water of metal powder inside. According to the above steps, the obtained treatment liquid is located in the upper part of the reaction container, and can be conveniently extracted by the extraction device to collect the recovered liquid (grease) and other subsequent treatment procedures. , can be converted to other uses (for example, as a component of lubricating oil, or shoe polish), as this subsequent processing means can be easily transferred and applied by those skilled in the art, and is not a feature of the present invention, It is not necessary to repeat the phrase "as for the acid water in the lower part of the 4 reaction vessel, it can be used as the material of the plating solution". It is not a similar treatment, and the waste cutting fluid is used as a crucible or directly discharged. Therefore, the treatment method of the present invention can effectively improve the reusability of the waste cutting fluid without forming a secondary pollution environment. At the same time, the metal powder contained in the waste cutting fluid passes through the After the reaction Y is stopped for 3, it can be quickly transferred to the sediment liquid, which is compared with the general cutting fluid. The method of naturally standing in the temple, the time required for the invention of 1 kg is relatively fast, and the efficiency in the waste cutting fluid can be effectively improved. Moreover, the whole process does not need to be operated in a high temperature environment, thereby reducing the metal powder at a high temperature. The probability of occurrence of an explosion in a high-heat environment is high. 2A is a second preferred embodiment of the method for processing a cutting fluid according to the present invention. The second preferred embodiment is substantially similar to the first comparison. A preferred embodiment is that the second preferred embodiment further comprises a precipitation step 4. In the precipitation step 4, an aluminum crumb is added to the precipitation liquid to make the sinking liquid which is less economical. (sulfuric acid water), which can be crystallized to precipitate a crystal material having aluminum sulfate. The use of the crystal material (aluminum sulfate) can be used as a material for sewage purification treatment, and the sediment liquid itself (remaining acid water) can be used as The acid material used in the electroplating process, in this way, further enhances the economic value of the precipitating liquid and avoids the direct discharge of it to form a polluting ecological environment. The manufacturer may also use the phosphoric acid having a concentration of 40% or more instead of the sulfuric acid added in the acid (4) 2, so that the liquid obtained in the end of the standing reaction step 3 is phosphoric acid water. After the subsequent treatment, the agricultural phosphate fertilizer or the potassium fertilizer can be formed, and the economic value of the sediment liquid can be further improved. In summary, the method for treating the cutting fluid of the present invention is obtained by adding the hydrazine in the acid addition v 2 The liquid and the waste cutting fluid are mixed in an appropriate volume ratio, and then the standing cutting reaction step 3 + is allowed to stand at room temperature for 6 j days or more to separate the waste cutting fluid. The treatment liquid and the sinking liquid, both of which can be subjected to subsequent treatment and converted into other uses (for example, lubricating oil, reading liquid, etc.), thereby improving the reusability of the waste (four) liquid, and processing the waste cutting fluid In order to meet the principles of safety and environmental protection, it is indeed possible to achieve the object of the present invention. [The above-mentioned ones] are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereto, that is, the simple application of the invention according to the present invention is only 10 1267398. Equivalent variations and modifications are still within the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a preferred embodiment of a method for processing a cutting fluid of the present invention;
圖2是一流程圖， 較佳實施例。 說明本發明切削液之處理方法 的第 11 1267398 【主要元件符號說明】 1 蒐集步驟 2 添酸步驟 靜置反應步驟 析出步驟 12Figure 2 is a flow chart, a preferred embodiment. 11 1267398 [Description of main component symbols] 1 Collection step 2 Acid addition step Static reaction step Precipitation step 12